Surah Jathiyah ayat 18 Tafsir Quran 45:18

﴿ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاكَ عَلَىٰ شَرِيعَةٍ مِّنَ الْأَمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاءَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ﴾
[ الجاثية: 18]

45:18 Then We put you, [O Muhammad], on an ordained way concerning the matter [of religion]; so follow it and do not follow the inclinations of those who do not know.

Then We set you O Muhammad (s) upon a clear course a clear way of the commandment the commandment of religion; so follow it and do not follow the desires of those who do not know in worshipping other than God.

Then We determined for you O Muhammad the statute, the perfect exemplar of excellence, the statute which We ordained for the Messengers before you. So, act upon it and in accordance with it and do not gratify those who knowingly deviate from the path of righteousness, nor act upon their desires

Preference of Allah to the Children of Israel and their dispute thereafter Allah the Exalted mentions the favors He granted the Children of Israel, such as revealing the Divine Books to them, sending the Messengers to them and granting them kingship.
Allah said, وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا بَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ الْكِتَـبَ وَالْحُكْمَ وَالنُّبُوَّةَ وَرَزَقْنَـهُمْ مِّنَ الطَّيِّبَـتِ ( And indeed We gave the Children of Israel the Scripture, and the understanding of the Scripture and its laws, and the prophethood; and provided them with good things, ) such as foods and drinks, وَفَضَّلْنَـهُمْ عَلَى الْعَـلَمينَ ( and preferred them above the nations. ) of their time, وَءاتَيْنَـهُم بَيِّنَـتٍ مِّنَ الاٌّمْرِ ( And gave them clear proofs in matters. ) `We gave them evidences, proofs and unequivocal signs.' Therefore, the proof has been established against them, yet they differed among themselves after the proof came to them, out of transgression against each other, إِنَّ رَبَّكَ ( Verily, your Lord ) `O Muhammad', يَقْضِى بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ فِيمَا كَانُواْ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ ( will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection about that wherein they used to differ.
) He will judge between them by His just judgement. Warning to this Ummah against following the Ways of the Children of Israel This Ayah contains a warning to the Muslim Ummah as well.
It warns them not to take the path the Jews took nor adopt their ways.
This is why Allah said, ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَـكَ عَلَى شَرِيعَةٍ مِّنَ الاٌّمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا ( Then We have put you on a (legal ) way of commandment.
So follow you that.) `follow what was revealed to you from your Lord, O Muhammad, there is no true deity except Him, and turn away from the idolators.' Allah said, وَلاَ تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَآءَ الَّذِينَ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَإِنَّهُمْ لَن يُغْنُواْ عَنكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئاً وَإِنَّ الظَّـلِمِينَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءُ بَعْضٍ ( and follow not the desires of those who know not.
Verily, they can avail you nothing against Allah.
Verily, the wrongdoers are protecting friends of one another, ) Allah says, `what will the loyalty that the idolators give each other avail them' Indeed, all they will earn from their protecting friends is more loss, destruction and demise, وَاللَّهُ وَلِىُّ الْمُتَّقِينَ ( but Allah is the Protector of those who have Taqwa. ) and He will deliver them from the darkness to the light.
In contrast, all the false deities are the protecting friends of those who disbelieve, taking them out of the light to the darkness.
Allah said, هَـذَا بَصَـئِرُ لِلنَّاسِ ( This is a clear insight and evidence for man- kind, ) in reference to the Qur'an, وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةً لِّقَوْمٍ يُوقِنُونَ ( and a guidance and a mercy for people who have faith with certainty. )

(45:18) And then We set you, (O Prophet), on a clear high road in religious matters. *23 So follow that and do not follow the desires of those who do not know.

Then We put you, [O Muhammad], on meaning

*23) It means: " The mission that had been entrusted to the children of Israel before you has now been entrusted to you.
They, in spite of receiving knowledge, created such differences in religion out of selfish motives and stirred up such divisions among themselves that they became disqualified to call the people to God's way.
Now you have been set upon the clear highway of Religion so that you may perform the service which the children of Israel have failed to perform and become disqualified to perform it.
" ( For further explanation, see Ash-Shura: 13-15 and E.N.'s 20 to 26 ).

 

Preference of Allah to the Children of Israel and their dispute thereafter Allah the Exalted mentions the favors He granted the Children of Israel, such as revealing the Divine Books to them, sending the Messengers to them and granting them kingship.
Allah said, وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا بَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ الْكِتَـبَ وَالْحُكْمَ وَالنُّبُوَّةَ وَرَزَقْنَـهُمْ مِّنَ الطَّيِّبَـتِ ( And indeed We gave the Children of Israel the Scripture, and the understanding of the Scripture and its laws, and the prophethood; and provided them with good things, ) such as foods and drinks, وَفَضَّلْنَـهُمْ عَلَى الْعَـلَمينَ ( and preferred them above the nations. ) of their time, وَءاتَيْنَـهُم بَيِّنَـتٍ مِّنَ الاٌّمْرِ ( And gave them clear proofs in matters. ) `We gave them evidences, proofs and unequivocal signs.' Therefore, the proof has been established against them, yet they differed among themselves after the proof came to them, out of transgression against each other, إِنَّ رَبَّكَ ( Verily, your Lord ) `O Muhammad', يَقْضِى بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ فِيمَا كَانُواْ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ ( will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection about that wherein they used to differ.
) He will judge between them by His just judgement. Warning to this Ummah against following the Ways of the Children of Israel This Ayah contains a warning to the Muslim Ummah as well.
It warns them not to take the path the Jews took nor adopt their ways.
This is why Allah said, ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَـكَ عَلَى شَرِيعَةٍ مِّنَ الاٌّمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا ( Then We have put you on a (legal ) way of commandment.
So follow you that.) `follow what was revealed to you from your Lord, O Muhammad, there is no true deity except Him, and turn away from the idolators.' Allah said, وَلاَ تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَآءَ الَّذِينَ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَإِنَّهُمْ لَن يُغْنُواْ عَنكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئاً وَإِنَّ الظَّـلِمِينَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءُ بَعْضٍ ( and follow not the desires of those who know not.
Verily, they can avail you nothing against Allah.
Verily, the wrongdoers are protecting friends of one another, ) Allah says, `what will the loyalty that the idolators give each other avail them' Indeed, all they will earn from their protecting friends is more loss, destruction and demise, وَاللَّهُ وَلِىُّ الْمُتَّقِينَ ( but Allah is the Protector of those who have Taqwa. ) and He will deliver them from the darkness to the light.
In contrast, all the false deities are the protecting friends of those who disbelieve, taking them out of the light to the darkness.
Allah said, هَـذَا بَصَـئِرُ لِلنَّاسِ ( This is a clear insight and evidence for man- kind, ) in reference to the Qur'an, وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةً لِّقَوْمٍ يُوقِنُونَ ( and a guidance and a mercy for people who have faith with certainty. )

( And now have We set thee ) We have chosen you ( (O Muhammad ) on a clear road of ( Our ) commandment) on a clear wont and way in relation to My command and obedience; ( so follow it ) hold fast to them and act upon them; it is also said that this means: We have honoured you with Islam and have commanded you to call mankind to it, ( and follow not the whims of those ) the religion of those ( who know not ) Allah’s divine Oneness, i.e. the Jews, Christians and idolaters.

Then We have put you (O Muhammad SAW) on a plain way of (Our) commandment [like the one which We commanded Our Messengers before you (i.e. legal ways and laws of the Islamic Monotheism)]. So follow you that (Islamic Monotheism and its laws), and follow not the desires of those who know not. [Tafsir At-Tabari Vol. 25, Page 146].

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