Surah Shams ayat 13 Tafsir Quran 91:13

﴿فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ نَاقَةَ اللَّهِ وَسُقْيَاهَا﴾
[ الشمس: 13]

91:13 And the messenger of Allah [Salih] said to them, "[Do not harm] the she-camel of Allah or [prevent her from] her drink."

But then the messenger of God Sālih said to them ‘This is the she-camel of God so let her have her drink!’ her drink on her day — one day was hers the next theirs.

Allahs Messenger warned them against harming Allahs She- Camel and advised them to let her drink

The Rejection of Thamud and Allah's Destruction of Them Allah informs that Thamud rejected their Messenger because of the injustice and transgression they practiced.
This was said by Mujahid, Qatadah and others.
Therefore, this resulted in a rejection in their hearts for the guidance and conviction their Messenger came to them with. إِذِ انبَعَثَ أَشْقَـهَا ( When their most wicked went forth. ) meaning, the most wicked person of the tribe, and he was Qudar bin Salif, the one who killed the she-camel.
He was leader of the tribe of Thamud, and he is the one whom Allah refers to in His saying, فَنَادَوْاْ صَـحِبَهُمْ فَتَعَاطَى فَعَقَرَ ( But they called their comrade and he took (a sword ) and killed ( her ).) ( 54:29 ) This man was mighty and respected among his people.
He was of noble lineage and a leader who was obeyed.
This is just as Imam Ahmad recorded from `Abdullah bin Zam`ah.
He said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave a sermon in which he mentioned the she-camel and he mentioned the man who killed her.
Then he said, «إِذِ انبَعَثَ أَشْقَـهَا انْبَعَثَ لَهَا رَجُلٌ عَارِمٌ عَزِيزٌ مَنِيعٌ فَي رَهْطِهِ مِثْلُ أَبِي زَمْعَة» ( (When their most wicked went forth. )( A strong and mighty man who was invincible among his tribe, like Abu Zam`ah, went forth to her. ) This Hadith was recorded by Al-Bukhari in his Book of Tafsir, and Muslim in his Book of the Description of the Hellfire.
At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i both recorded it in their Sunans in their Books of Tafsir. The Story of Salih's She-Camel Allah then says, فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( But the Messenger of Allah said to them ) referring to Salih. نَاقَةُ اللَّهِ ( That is the she-camel of Allah! ) meaning, `beware of touching the she-camel of Allah with any harm.' وَسُقْيَـهَا ( and its drink! ) meaning, `do not transgress against her in her drinking, for she has been allocated a day to drink and you have been allocated a day to drink, as is known to you.' Then Allah says, فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا ( Then they denied him and they killed it. ) which means they rejected what he came with.
This resulted in them killing the she-camel that Allah had brought out of the rock as a sign for them and a proof against them. فَدَمْدمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِذَنبِهِمْ ( So their Lord destroyed them because of their sin, ) meaning, He became angry with them and He annihilated them. فَسَوَّاهَا ( Fasawwaha! ) meaning, He made the punishment descend upon them all equally.
Qatadah said, "It has reached us that the leader of tribe of Thamud did not kill the she-camel until their youth, their elderly, their males and their females all pledged allegiance to him.
So when the people cooperated in killing her, Allah destroyed them all with the same punishment due to their sin." Allah said, وَلاَ يَخَافُ ( And He feared not ) it has also been recited as ( فَلَا يَخَافُ ) ( So He feared not ) عُقْبَـهَا ( the consequences thereof. ) Ibn `Abbas said, "Allah does not fear any consequences from anyone else." Mujahid, Al-Hasan, Bakr bin `Abdullah Al-Muzani and others all said the same.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Ash-Shams, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

(91:13) Then Allah's Messenger warned them: 'Hands off the she-camel and her drink!' *9

And the messenger of Allah [Salih] said meaning

*9) At other places in the Qur'an the following details, are given: The people of Thamud challenged the Prophet Salih to present a sign ( a miracle ) if he was truthful.
Thereupon the Prophet presented a she-camel miraculously before them and warned them to the effect: " This is Allah's she-camel.
She will graze at will in the land.
One day will be for her to drink and one day for you and your cattle.
If you molest her, you will be punished with a scourge. " This proved to be a deterrent for some time.
Then they appealed to their most wicked and rebellious, chief to put an end to the she-camel, and he took up the responsibility and hamstrung her.
( AI-A`raf 73, Ash-Shu`ara: 134156, Al-Qamar: 29 ).

 

The Rejection of Thamud and Allah's Destruction of Them Allah informs that Thamud rejected their Messenger because of the injustice and transgression they practiced.
This was said by Mujahid, Qatadah and others.
Therefore, this resulted in a rejection in their hearts for the guidance and conviction their Messenger came to them with. إِذِ انبَعَثَ أَشْقَـهَا ( When their most wicked went forth. ) meaning, the most wicked person of the tribe, and he was Qudar bin Salif, the one who killed the she-camel.
He was leader of the tribe of Thamud, and he is the one whom Allah refers to in His saying, فَنَادَوْاْ صَـحِبَهُمْ فَتَعَاطَى فَعَقَرَ ( But they called their comrade and he took (a sword ) and killed ( her ).) ( 54:29 ) This man was mighty and respected among his people.
He was of noble lineage and a leader who was obeyed.
This is just as Imam Ahmad recorded from `Abdullah bin Zam`ah.
He said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave a sermon in which he mentioned the she-camel and he mentioned the man who killed her.
Then he said, «إِذِ انبَعَثَ أَشْقَـهَا انْبَعَثَ لَهَا رَجُلٌ عَارِمٌ عَزِيزٌ مَنِيعٌ فَي رَهْطِهِ مِثْلُ أَبِي زَمْعَة» ( (When their most wicked went forth. )( A strong and mighty man who was invincible among his tribe, like Abu Zam`ah, went forth to her. ) This Hadith was recorded by Al-Bukhari in his Book of Tafsir, and Muslim in his Book of the Description of the Hellfire.
At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i both recorded it in their Sunans in their Books of Tafsir. The Story of Salih's She-Camel Allah then says, فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( But the Messenger of Allah said to them ) referring to Salih. نَاقَةُ اللَّهِ ( That is the she-camel of Allah! ) meaning, `beware of touching the she-camel of Allah with any harm.' وَسُقْيَـهَا ( and its drink! ) meaning, `do not transgress against her in her drinking, for she has been allocated a day to drink and you have been allocated a day to drink, as is known to you.' Then Allah says, فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا ( Then they denied him and they killed it. ) which means they rejected what he came with.
This resulted in them killing the she-camel that Allah had brought out of the rock as a sign for them and a proof against them. فَدَمْدمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِذَنبِهِمْ ( So their Lord destroyed them because of their sin, ) meaning, He became angry with them and He annihilated them. فَسَوَّاهَا ( Fasawwaha! ) meaning, He made the punishment descend upon them all equally.
Qatadah said, "It has reached us that the leader of tribe of Thamud did not kill the she-camel until their youth, their elderly, their males and their females all pledged allegiance to him.
So when the people cooperated in killing her, Allah destroyed them all with the same punishment due to their sin." Allah said, وَلاَ يَخَافُ ( And He feared not ) it has also been recited as ( فَلَا يَخَافُ ) ( So He feared not ) عُقْبَـهَا ( the consequences thereof. ) Ibn `Abbas said, "Allah does not fear any consequences from anyone else." Mujahid, Al-Hasan, Bakr bin `Abdullah Al-Muzani and others all said the same.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Ash-Shams, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

( And the messenger of Allah ) Salih ( said ) that is before they hamstrung the she-camel: ( It is the she-camel of Allah ) leave the she-camel of Allah alone, ( so let her drink! ) i.e. and let her drink in peace!

But the Messenger of Allah [Salih (Saleh)] said to them: "Be cautious! Fear the evil end. That is the she-camel of Allah! (Do not harm it) and bar it not from having its drink!"

Page 595 English transliteration