Surah Taghabun ayat 14 Tafsir Quran 64:14

﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ وَأَوْلَادِكُمْ عَدُوًّا لَّكُمْ فَاحْذَرُوهُمْ ۚ وَإِن تَعْفُوا وَتَصْفَحُوا وَتَغْفِرُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ﴾
[ التغابن: 14]

64:14 O you who have believed, indeed, among your wives and your children are enemies to you, so beware of them. But if you pardon and overlook and forgive - then indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.

O you who believe! Indeed among your wives and children there are enemies for you so beware of them of obeying them in neglecting the performance of good deeds such as struggling or emigrating — because the reason why this verse was revealed was precisely their obedience of them in such matters. And if you pardon them for their impeding you from such good deeds justifying it on account of the distress that parting with you causes them and overlook such enmity and forgive then assuredly God is Forgiving Merciful.

O you whose hearts reflect : the image of religious also spiritual virtues: among your wives and your children are some who are an enemy to you, and so beware of them and be on your guard. But if you forgive, ignore their disposition and show forbearance, this will accord well together with the principles of Allah Who is Ghafurun (forgiving) and Rahimun (Merciful)

Warning against the Fitnah of Spouses and Offspring Allah states that some wives and children are enemies to their husbands and fathers, in that they might be busied with them rather than with performing the good deeds.
Allah said in another Ayah, يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لاَ تُلْهِكُمْ أَمْوَلُكُمْ وَلاَ أَوْلَـدُكُمْ عَن ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فَأُوْلَـئِكَ هُمُ الْخَـسِرُونَ ( O you who believe! Let not your properties or you children divert you from the remembrance of Allah.
And whosoever does that then they are the losers. ) ( 63:9 ) Allah the Exalted said here, فَاحْذَرُوهُمْ ( therefore, beware of them! ) for your religion, according to Ibn Zayd.
Mujahid explained the Ayah , إِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَجِكُمْ وَأَوْلـدِكُمْ عَدُوّاً لَّكُمْ ( Verily, among your wives and your children there are enemies for you; ) by saying, "They might direct the man to sever his relation or disobey his Lord.
The man, who loves his wives and children, might obey them in this case." Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Ibn `Abbas said to a man who asked him about this Ayah, يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ إِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَجِكُمْ وَأَوْلـدِكُمْ عَدُوّاً لَّكُمْ فَاحْذَرُوهُمْ ( O you who believe! Verily, among your wives and your children there are enemies for you; therefore beware of them! ) "There were men who embraced Islam in Makkah and wanted to migrate to Allah's Messenger .
However, their wives and children refused to allow them.
Later when they joined Allah's Messenger ﷺ, they found that those who were with him ( the Companions ) have gained knowledge in the religion, so they were about to punish their wives and children.
Allah the Exalted sent down this Ayah, وَإِن تَعْفُواْ وَتَصْفَحُواْ وَتَغْفِرُواْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( But if you pardon (them ) and overlook, and forgive, then verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.)" At-Tirmidhi collected this Hadith and said that it is Hasan Sahih.
Allah's statement, إِنَّمَآ أَمْوَلُكُمْ وَأَوْلَـدُكُمْ فِتْنَةٌ وَاللَّهُ عِنْدَهُ أَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ ( Your wealth and your children are only a Fintah, whereas Allah! With Him is a great reward. ) Allah said that the wealth and children are a test and trial from Allah the Exalted for His creatures, so that He knows those who obey Him and those who disobey Him.
Allah's statement, وَاللَّهُ عِنْدَهُ ( whereas Allah! With Him ) meaning, on the Day of Resurrection, أَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ ( is a great reward. ) As Allah said; زُيِّنَ لِلنَّاسِ حُبُّ الشَّهَوَتِ مِنَ النِّسَآءِ وَالْبَنِينَ وَالْقَنَـطِيرِ الْمُقَنطَرَةِ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ وَالْخَيْلِ الْمُسَوَّمَةِ وَالأَنْعَـمِ وَالْحَرْثِ ذَلِكَ مَتَـعُ الْحَيَوةِ الدُّنْيَا وَاللَّهُ عِندَهُ حُسْنُ الْمَأَبِ ( Beautified for men is the love of things they covet; women children, Qanatir Al-Muqantarah of gold and silver, branded beautiful horses, cattle and well-tilled land.
This is the pleasure of the present world's life; but Allah has the excellent return with him. ) ( 3:14 ), and the Ayah after it.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Buraydah said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was giving a speech and Al-Hasan and Husayn came in wearing red shirts, walking and tripping.
The Messenger descended from the Minbar, held them and placed them in front of them and said,
«صَدَقَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ إِنَّمَا أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَأَوْلَادُكُمْ فِتْنَةٌ، نَظَرْتُ إِلَى هَذَيْنِ الصَّبِيَّيْنِ يَمْشِيَانِ وَيَعْثُرَانِ، فَلَمْ أَصْبِرْ حَتْى قَطَعْتُ حَدِيثِي وَرَفَعْتُهُمَا»
( Allah and His Messenger said the truth,`Verily, your wealth and your children are a Fitnah.' I saw these two boys walking and tripping and could not be patient until I stopped my speech and picked them up. )" This was recorded by the Sunan compilers, and At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Gharib." The Order for Taqwa, as much as One is Capable Allah said, فَاتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ ( So have Taqwa of Allah as much as you can; ) meaning, as much as you are able and can bear or endure.
The Two Sahihs recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«إِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِأَمْرٍ فَائْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ، وَمَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْهُ فَاجْتَنِبُوه»
( When I command you to do something, do as much as you can of it, and whatever I forbid for you, then avoid it. ) Allah's statement, وَاسْمَعُواْ وَأَطِيعُواْ ( listen and obey, ) means, obey what Allah and His Messenger command you to do and do not stray from it to the right or left.
Do not utter a statement or make a decision before Allah and His Messenger issue a statement or decision.
Do not ignore what you were ordered to do, nor commit what you were forbidden from doing. Encouraging Charity Allah the Exalted said, وَأَنْفِقُواْ خَيْراً لاًّنفُسِكُمْ ( and spend in charity; that is better for yourselves. ) meaning, give from what Allah has granted you to your relatives, the poor, the needy and the weak.
Be kind to Allah's creatures, just as Allah was and still is kind with you.
This will be better for you in this life and the Hereafter.
Otherwise, if you do not do it, it will be worse for you in this life and the Hereafter.
Allah said; وَمَن يُوقَ شُحَّ نَفْسِهِ فَأُوْلَـئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ ( And whosoever is saved from his own greed, then they are the successful ones. ) This was explained with a similar Ayah in Surat Al-Hashr, where we also mentioned the relevant Hadiths.
Therefore, we do not need to repeat them here, all praise and gratitude is due to Allah.
Allah the Exalted said, إِن تُقْرِضُواْ اللَّهَ قَرْضاً حَسَناً يُضَـعِفْهُ لَكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ( If you lend to Allah a handsome loan, He will double it for you, and will forgive you. ) meaning, whatever you spend, then Allah will replace it, and on Him will be the reward of whatever you give away in charity.
Allah considered giving charity as if it is a loan to Him, just as Allah said in a Qudsi Hadith,
«مَنْ يُقْرِضُ غَيْرَ ظَلُومٍ وَلَا عَدِيم»
( "Who will give a loan to He Who is neither unjust nor poor" ) This is why Allah the Exalted said in Surat Al-Baqarah, فَيُضَاعِفَهُ لَهُ أَضْعَافًا كَثِيرَةً ( So that He may multiply it to him many times ) ( 2:245 ) Allah said; وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ( and will forgive you. ) meaning, He will erase your mistakes, وَاللَّهُ شَكُورٌ ( And Allah is Shakur ) meaning, He gives abundantly in return for what was little, حَلِيمٌ ( Halim ) means, He forgives, pardons, covers and absolves the sins, mistakes, errors and shortcomings, عَـلِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَـدَةِ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ( All-Knower of the unseen and seen, the Almighty, the All-Wise. ) Its explanation has already preceded several times.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat At-Taghabun, all the praise and appreciation is due to Allah.

(64:14) Believers, there are enemies to you from among your spouses and your off-spring, so beware of them. But if you forgive and overlook their offences and pardon them, then surely Allah is Most Forgiving, Most Compassionate. *29

O you who have believed, indeed, among meaning

*29) This verse has two meanings.
According to the first meaning, ii applies to most of those difficulties, which are encountered by many believing men from their wives and the women from their husbands and the parents from their children in following the way of God.
It seldom so happens in the world that a man has a wife and a wife a husband, who are full companions and helpers of each other in the matter of faith and righteousness, and that both may also have such children as may be the comfort of their eyes as regards faith and deeds, morals and conduct.
Hut generally it so happens that if the husband is righteous and honest, the wife and children look upon his honesty and piety and righteousness as a misfortune for themselves, and want that the husband and the father should earn Hell for their sake, and giving up the distinction between the lawful and the unlawful should provide means of luxury and enjoyment, sin and vice, for them in every passable way.
On the contrary, many a time a pious believing woman happens to have a husband, Who does not at all approve her obedience to the Laws of God, and the children too, following in the footsteps of the father, make the wife of the mother miserable by their daviation and evil deeds.
Then, particularly, when during the conflict between Islam and unbelief a man's faith demands that he should suffer losses for the sake of AIIah and this Religion, run risks, emigrate from the country or even endanger his life by joining the war against unbelief, the greatest hindrance in his way are the people of his own household.

The second meaning relates to those special circumstances which most of the Muslims were facing at the time these verses were sent down.
and today also they are faced by every person who embraces Islam in a non-Muslim society.
At that dine in Makkah and in other parts of Arabia a situation that was commonly being experienced was that a man would embrace Islam, but his wife and children would not only be disinclined to accept it but would try their best to press him to give up Islam Arid similar were the situations encountered by the women, the alone embraced Islam in their families,
Addressing the believers who may be confronted with either situation, three things have been impressed:
First, they have been warned as if to say: " Although front the worldly point of view.
these are the dearest relations of man yet from the religious point of view, they arc .`your enemies. " This enmity may he for the reason that they hinder you from good and induce you to do evil, or that they restrain you from belief and pull you towards unbelief, or that their sympathies are with he unbelievers.
ana through you if they ever come to know any of the war secrets of the Muslims, they convey it to the enemies of Islam.
Owing to these the nature and quality of enmity may vary, but in any case it is enmity; and if you hold your faith dearer to your heart, you should regard them as your enemies.
In their love you should never forget that between you and them there stands the barrier of belief and unbelief, or of obedience and disobedience."
Then, it is said: "Beware of them." That is, "You should not ruin your eternal life for the sake of their worldly life.
Let not their love so overwhelm you that they become a hindrance for you in your relationship with Allah and His Messenger and your loyalty to Islam.
Do not place such reliance on them that the secrets of the Muslim community should come to their notice and through them reach your enemies only by your negligence and carelessness.
This Is the Fame thing of which the Holy Prophet ( upon whom be Allah's peace ) has warned the Muslims in a Hadith: `A person will be brought up on the Day of Resurrection, and it will be proclaimed: `His wife and children ate up aII his good deeds'."
In the end, it is said: "If you pardon and overlook and forgive, Allah is surely AII-Forgiving, All-Merciful.
" It means: "You are being made aware of their enmity so that you may beware of them and do your best to save your faith from them, This warning does not, however, mean that you should treat your wife and children harshly, or strain your relations with them so as w make your own and their domestic lift miserable and wretched For if you did so, two of the disadvantages would obviously result: first, it may close down every avenue to the reformation of the wife and children for ever; second, it may give rise to suspicions and misgivings against Islam in the society and the people around may form the impression that a Muslim turns unduly rigid and ill-tempered for his own children in his own house as soon as he has embraced Islam.

In this connection, one should also keep in mind that in the beginning when the people became Muslims, they encountered a special difficulty if their parents were unbelievers.
They would press their children to give up the new Faith.
They would face another difficulty when their wives and children ( or in case of women, their husbands and children ) persisted unbelief and would force them to abandon the Faith of Tnrth.
About the first difficulty, instruction was given in AI-'Ankabut; 8 and Luqman; 14-15, saying: " Treat your parents well but if they press you to join with Me another about whom you have no knowledge, do not obey them at alI " About the second difficulty the Instruction has been given here, saying: " You must try to save your faith from your children and family members but do not treat them harshly, but rather politely and leniently. " ( For further explanation, see At-Taubah: 23-24; E N.
37 of AI-Mujadalah, E.N.'s 1 to 3 of Al-Mumtahanah; E.N.
18 of Munafiqun ).

 

Warning against the Fitnah of Spouses and Offspring Allah states that some wives and children are enemies to their husbands and fathers, in that they might be busied with them rather than with performing the good deeds.
Allah said in another Ayah, يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لاَ تُلْهِكُمْ أَمْوَلُكُمْ وَلاَ أَوْلَـدُكُمْ عَن ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فَأُوْلَـئِكَ هُمُ الْخَـسِرُونَ ( O you who believe! Let not your properties or you children divert you from the remembrance of Allah.
And whosoever does that then they are the losers. ) ( 63:9 ) Allah the Exalted said here, فَاحْذَرُوهُمْ ( therefore, beware of them! ) for your religion, according to Ibn Zayd.
Mujahid explained the Ayah , إِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَجِكُمْ وَأَوْلـدِكُمْ عَدُوّاً لَّكُمْ ( Verily, among your wives and your children there are enemies for you; ) by saying, "They might direct the man to sever his relation or disobey his Lord.
The man, who loves his wives and children, might obey them in this case." Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Ibn `Abbas said to a man who asked him about this Ayah, يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ إِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَجِكُمْ وَأَوْلـدِكُمْ عَدُوّاً لَّكُمْ فَاحْذَرُوهُمْ ( O you who believe! Verily, among your wives and your children there are enemies for you; therefore beware of them! ) "There were men who embraced Islam in Makkah and wanted to migrate to Allah's Messenger .
However, their wives and children refused to allow them.
Later when they joined Allah's Messenger ﷺ, they found that those who were with him ( the Companions ) have gained knowledge in the religion, so they were about to punish their wives and children.
Allah the Exalted sent down this Ayah, وَإِن تَعْفُواْ وَتَصْفَحُواْ وَتَغْفِرُواْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( But if you pardon (them ) and overlook, and forgive, then verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.)" At-Tirmidhi collected this Hadith and said that it is Hasan Sahih.
Allah's statement, إِنَّمَآ أَمْوَلُكُمْ وَأَوْلَـدُكُمْ فِتْنَةٌ وَاللَّهُ عِنْدَهُ أَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ ( Your wealth and your children are only a Fintah, whereas Allah! With Him is a great reward. ) Allah said that the wealth and children are a test and trial from Allah the Exalted for His creatures, so that He knows those who obey Him and those who disobey Him.
Allah's statement, وَاللَّهُ عِنْدَهُ ( whereas Allah! With Him ) meaning, on the Day of Resurrection, أَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ ( is a great reward. ) As Allah said; زُيِّنَ لِلنَّاسِ حُبُّ الشَّهَوَتِ مِنَ النِّسَآءِ وَالْبَنِينَ وَالْقَنَـطِيرِ الْمُقَنطَرَةِ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ وَالْخَيْلِ الْمُسَوَّمَةِ وَالأَنْعَـمِ وَالْحَرْثِ ذَلِكَ مَتَـعُ الْحَيَوةِ الدُّنْيَا وَاللَّهُ عِندَهُ حُسْنُ الْمَأَبِ ( Beautified for men is the love of things they covet; women children, Qanatir Al-Muqantarah of gold and silver, branded beautiful horses, cattle and well-tilled land.
This is the pleasure of the present world's life; but Allah has the excellent return with him. ) ( 3:14 ), and the Ayah after it.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Buraydah said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was giving a speech and Al-Hasan and Husayn came in wearing red shirts, walking and tripping.
The Messenger descended from the Minbar, held them and placed them in front of them and said, «صَدَقَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ إِنَّمَا أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَأَوْلَادُكُمْ فِتْنَةٌ، نَظَرْتُ إِلَى هَذَيْنِ الصَّبِيَّيْنِ يَمْشِيَانِ وَيَعْثُرَانِ، فَلَمْ أَصْبِرْ حَتْى قَطَعْتُ حَدِيثِي وَرَفَعْتُهُمَا» ( Allah and His Messenger said the truth,`Verily, your wealth and your children are a Fitnah.' I saw these two boys walking and tripping and could not be patient until I stopped my speech and picked them up. )" This was recorded by the Sunan compilers, and At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Gharib." The Order for Taqwa, as much as One is Capable Allah said, فَاتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ ( So have Taqwa of Allah as much as you can; ) meaning, as much as you are able and can bear or endure.
The Two Sahihs recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «إِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِأَمْرٍ فَائْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ، وَمَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْهُ فَاجْتَنِبُوه» ( When I command you to do something, do as much as you can of it, and whatever I forbid for you, then avoid it. ) Allah's statement, وَاسْمَعُواْ وَأَطِيعُواْ ( listen and obey, ) means, obey what Allah and His Messenger command you to do and do not stray from it to the right or left.
Do not utter a statement or make a decision before Allah and His Messenger issue a statement or decision.
Do not ignore what you were ordered to do, nor commit what you were forbidden from doing. Encouraging Charity Allah the Exalted said, وَأَنْفِقُواْ خَيْراً لاًّنفُسِكُمْ ( and spend in charity; that is better for yourselves. ) meaning, give from what Allah has granted you to your relatives, the poor, the needy and the weak.
Be kind to Allah's creatures, just as Allah was and still is kind with you.
This will be better for you in this life and the Hereafter.
Otherwise, if you do not do it, it will be worse for you in this life and the Hereafter.
Allah said; وَمَن يُوقَ شُحَّ نَفْسِهِ فَأُوْلَـئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ ( And whosoever is saved from his own greed, then they are the successful ones. ) This was explained with a similar Ayah in Surat Al-Hashr, where we also mentioned the relevant Hadiths.
Therefore, we do not need to repeat them here, all praise and gratitude is due to Allah.
Allah the Exalted said, إِن تُقْرِضُواْ اللَّهَ قَرْضاً حَسَناً يُضَـعِفْهُ لَكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ( If you lend to Allah a handsome loan, He will double it for you, and will forgive you. ) meaning, whatever you spend, then Allah will replace it, and on Him will be the reward of whatever you give away in charity.
Allah considered giving charity as if it is a loan to Him, just as Allah said in a Qudsi Hadith, «مَنْ يُقْرِضُ غَيْرَ ظَلُومٍ وَلَا عَدِيم» ( "Who will give a loan to He Who is neither unjust nor poor" ) This is why Allah the Exalted said in Surat Al-Baqarah, فَيُضَاعِفَهُ لَهُ أَضْعَافًا كَثِيرَةً ( So that He may multiply it to him many times ) ( 2:245 ) Allah said; وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ( and will forgive you. ) meaning, He will erase your mistakes, وَاللَّهُ شَكُورٌ ( And Allah is Shakur ) meaning, He gives abundantly in return for what was little, حَلِيمٌ ( Halim ) means, He forgives, pardons, covers and absolves the sins, mistakes, errors and shortcomings, عَـلِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَـدَةِ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ( All-Knower of the unseen and seen, the Almighty, the All-Wise. ) Its explanation has already preceded several times.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat At-Taghabun, all the praise and appreciation is due to Allah.

( O ye who believe ) in Muhammad ( pbuh ) and the Qur’an! ( Lo! Among your wives and your children ) who are in Mecca ( there are enemies for you ) in that they barred you from migration and jihad, ( therefore beware of them ) lest you fail to migrate or engage in jihad. ( And if ye efface ) if you pardon them for barring you ( and overlook ) and turn away from them, and not punish them ( and forgive ) their sins after they have migrated from Mecca to Medina, ( then lo! Allah is Forgiving ) He forgives he who repents, ( Merciful ) towards he who die repentant.

O you who believe! Verily, among your wives and your children there are enemies for you (i.e. may stop you from the obedience of Allah), therefore beware of them! But if you pardon (them) and overlook, and forgive (their faults), then verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

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