Surah Ahqaf ayat 17 Tafsir Quran 46:17

﴿وَالَّذِي قَالَ لِوَالِدَيْهِ أُفٍّ لَّكُمَا أَتَعِدَانِنِي أَنْ أُخْرَجَ وَقَدْ خَلَتِ الْقُرُونُ مِن قَبْلِي وَهُمَا يَسْتَغِيثَانِ اللَّهَ وَيْلَكَ آمِنْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ فَيَقُولُ مَا هَٰذَا إِلَّا أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ﴾
[ الأحقاف: 17]

46:17 But one who says to his parents, "Uff to you; do you promise me that I will be brought forth [from the earth] when generations before me have already passed on [into oblivion]?" while they call to Allah for help [and to their son], "Woe to you! Believe! Indeed, the promise of Allah is truth." But he says, "This is not but legends of the former people" -

As for him who says to his parents li-wālidayhi a variant reading has li-wālidihi ‘his parent’ denoting the generic noun ‘Fie read uffin or uffan as a verbal noun meaning ‘something putrid and disgusting’ on you both I am exasperated at both of you. Do you threaten me a-ta‘idāninī a variant reading has a-ta‘idānnī that I shall be raised from the grave when already generations communities have passed away before me?’ and they have not been raised from their graves. And they call on God for succour that he their child repent saying to him if you do not repent ‘Woe to you waylaka that is to say halākaka ‘you are ruined!’. Believe! in resurrection. Surely God’s promise is true’. But he says ‘This belief in resurrection is nothing but the fables of the ancients’ lies of theirs.

But he who contemptuously says to his parents: Fie on you How disgusting what both of you tell me! do you afford me ground of expectation of Resurrection when all generations who had departed life long ago never came out of their graves ? They both-the parents-exercise pity and appeal to Allah for help and they rebuke him -the son- for his disposition and for want of Faith, and they utter denunciation against him and say to him: You had better commit yourself to Allah Whose promise is true. But he says to them: This is nothing but fables of old

Mention of the Undutiful Children and Their End In the previous Ayat, Allah mentions the dutiful offspring who supplicate for their parents and treat them with kindness.
He describes the success and salvation He has prepared for them.
Here He connects to that discussion the situation of the wretched offspring who are undutiful toward their parents.
Allah says, وَالَّذِى قَالَ لِوَلِدَيْهِ أُفٍّ لَّكُمَآ ( But he who says to his parents: "Uff to you! ..." ) As for the saying "Uff" in this Ayah, it is a general description applying to anyone who says it to his parents.
Some people claim that it was revealed about `Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Bakr.
But this claim is weak and rejected, because `Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Bakr embraced Islam after this was revealed.
His adherence to Islam was excellent, and he was among the best of his contemporaries.
Al-Bukhari recorded from Yusuf bin Mahak that Marwan ( bin Al-Hakam ) was governor of Hijaz ( Western Arabia ), appointed by Mu`awiyah bin Abi Sufyan.
He ( Marwan ) delivered a speech in which he mentioned Yazid bin Mu`awiyah and urged the people to give a pledge of allegiance after his father.
`Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Bakr said something to him in response to that, upon which Marwan commanded his men: "Arrest him!" But he entered `Aishah's house, and they were not able to capture him.
Marwan then said: "This is the one about whom Allah revealed: وَالَّذِى قَالَ لِوَلِدَيْهِ أُفٍّ لَّكُمَآ أَتَعِدَانِنِى أَنْ أُخْرَجَ وَقَدْ خَلَتِ الْقُرُونُ مِن قَبْلِى ( But he who says to his parents: "Uff to you! Do you promise me that I will be raised -- when generations before me have passed" )" From behind the curtain, `Aishah responded: "Allah did not reveal any Qur'an in our regard ( i.e.
the children of Abu Bakr ), except for the declaration of my innocence." In another report recorded by An-Nasa'i, Muhammad bin Ziyad reported that when Mu`awiyah was soliciting people to pledge allegiance to his son, and Marwan declared: "This follows the tradition of Abu Bakr and `Umar." On hearing this, `Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Bakr said: "Rather, this is the tradition of Heraclius and Caesar." Marwan responded: "This is the one about whom Allah revealed, وَالَّذِى قَالَ لِوَلِدَيْهِ أُفٍّ لَّكُمَآ ( But he who says to his parents: "Uff to you!" )" When that was conveyed to `A'ishah, she said: "Marwan is lying! By Allah, that was not revealed about him.
If I wish to name the person meant by it, I could.
On the other hand, Allah's Messenger ﷺ placed a curse on Marwan's father ( Al- Hakam bin Abi Al-`As when Marwan was still in his loins, so Marwan (bin Al-Hakam ) is an outcome of Allah's curse." As for Allah's statement: أَتَعِدَانِنِى أَنْ أُخْرَجَ ( Do you promise me that I will be raised ) meaning, resurrected. وَقَدْ خَلَتِ الْقُرُونُ مِن قَبْلِى ( when generations before me have passed ) meaning, generations of people have already passed away, and none of them has ever returned to tell ( what happened to them ) وَهُمَا يَسْتَغِيثَانِ اللَّهَ ( While they invoke Allah for help ) meaning, they ask Allah to guide him, and they say to their son, وَيْلَكَ ءَامِنْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ فَيَقُولُ مَا هَـذَآ إِلاَّ أَسَـطِيرُ الاٌّوَّلِينَ ( "Woe to you! Believe! Verily, the promise of Allah is true." But he says: "This is nothing but the legends of the ancient." ) Allah then says, أُوْلَـئِكَ الَّذِينَ حَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقَوْلُ فِى أُمَمٍ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ مِّنَ الْجِنِّ وَالإِنسِ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُواْ خَـسِرِينَ ( They are those against whom the Word (of torment ) has justified among the previous generations of Jinn and mankind that have passed away.Verily, they are ever the losers.) This indicates that all such people will be among their likes and their peers among the disbelievers, who will lose themselves and their families on the Day of Resurrection.
Allah's saying, أُوْلَـئِكَ ( Those are ) after He said, وَالَّذِى قَالَ ( But he who says ) confirms what we have mentioned above that the latter is a general description of a type of people including all those who fall under that description.
Al-Hasan and Qatadah both said, "This applies to the disbelieving, sinful person who is undutiful to his parents and who denies resurrection." Allah then says, وَلِكُلٍّ دَرَجَـتٌ مِّمَّا عَمِلُواْ ( And for all, there will be degrees according to that which they did, ) meaning that there will be degrees of punishment for each of them according to what they did. وَلِيُوَفِّيَهُمْ أَعْمَـلَهُمْ وَهُمْ لاَ يُظْلَمُونَ ( so that He might fully recompense them for their deeds, and they will not be wronged. ) which means Allah will not be unjust to them even in the amount of a speck of dust or less.
`Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam said: "The levels of the Fire descend, and those of Paradise ascend." Allah then says, وَيَوْمَ يُعْرَضُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ عَلَى النَّارِ أَذْهَبْتُمْ طَيِّبَـتِكُمْ فِى حَيَـتِكُمُ الدُّنْيَا وَاسْتَمْتَعْتُمْ بِهَا ( On the Day when those who disbelieve will be exposed to the Fire (it will be said ): "You received your good things in the life of the world, and you took your pleasure therein...") which means that this will be said to them by way of blame and reprimand.
The Commander of the faithful, `Umar bin Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, gave up many of the joys of food and drink and refrained from them while saying, "I am afraid of being like those whom Allah has reproached and condemned by saying, أَذْهَبْتُمْ طَيِّبَـتِكُمْ فِى حَيَـتِكُمُ الدُّنْيَا وَاسْتَمْتَعْتُمْ بِهَا ( You received your good things in the life of the world, and you took your pleasure therein )." Abu Mijlaz said: "Some people will lose good deeds that they had in the worldly life, and they will be told, أَذْهَبْتُمْ طَيِّبَـتِكُمْ فِى حَيَـتِكُمُ الدُّنْيَا ( You received your good things in the life of the world )." Then Allah says, فَالْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ عَذَابَ الْهُونِ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَسْتَكْبِرُونَ فِى الاٌّرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَبِمَا كُنتُمْ تَفْسُقُونَ ( Today, you will be recompensed with the torment of extreme humiliation, because you were arrogant upon the earth without a right, and because you used to rebel against Allah's command. ) which indicates that their punishment will be of a type comparable to their deeds.
They enjoyed themselves, were arrogant in their denial of the truth, and were involved in sinning and disobedience.
Thus, Allah punishes them with extreme humiliation, disgrace, severe pains, continued sorrow, and positions in the terrible depths of Hell -- may Allah protect us from all of that.

Mention of the Undutiful Children and Their End In the previous Ayat, Allah mentions the dutiful offspring who supplicate for their parents and treat them with kindness.
He describes the success and salvation He has prepared for them.
Here He connects to that discussion the situation of the wretched offspring who are undutiful toward their parents.
Allah says, وَالَّذِى قَالَ لِوَلِدَيْهِ أُفٍّ لَّكُمَآ ( But he who says to his parents: "Uff to you! ..." ) As for the saying "Uff" in this Ayah, it is a general description applying to anyone who says it to his parents.
Some people claim that it was revealed about `Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Bakr.
But this claim is weak and rejected, because `Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Bakr embraced Islam after this was revealed.
His adherence to Islam was excellent, and he was among the best of his contemporaries.
Al-Bukhari recorded from Yusuf bin Mahak that Marwan ( bin Al-Hakam ) was governor of Hijaz ( Western Arabia ), appointed by Mu`awiyah bin Abi Sufyan.
He ( Marwan ) delivered a speech in which he mentioned Yazid bin Mu`awiyah and urged the people to give a pledge of allegiance after his father.
`Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Bakr said something to him in response to that, upon which Marwan commanded his men: "Arrest him!" But he entered `Aishah's house, and they were not able to capture him.
Marwan then said: "This is the one about whom Allah revealed: وَالَّذِى قَالَ لِوَلِدَيْهِ أُفٍّ لَّكُمَآ أَتَعِدَانِنِى أَنْ أُخْرَجَ وَقَدْ خَلَتِ الْقُرُونُ مِن قَبْلِى ( But he who says to his parents: "Uff to you! Do you promise me that I will be raised -- when generations before me have passed" )" From behind the curtain, `Aishah responded: "Allah did not reveal any Qur'an in our regard ( i.e.
the children of Abu Bakr ), except for the declaration of my innocence." In another report recorded by An-Nasa'i, Muhammad bin Ziyad reported that when Mu`awiyah was soliciting people to pledge allegiance to his son, and Marwan declared: "This follows the tradition of Abu Bakr and `Umar." On hearing this, `Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Bakr said: "Rather, this is the tradition of Heraclius and Caesar." Marwan responded: "This is the one about whom Allah revealed, وَالَّذِى قَالَ لِوَلِدَيْهِ أُفٍّ لَّكُمَآ ( But he who says to his parents: "Uff to you!" )" When that was conveyed to `A'ishah, she said: "Marwan is lying! By Allah, that was not revealed about him.
If I wish to name the person meant by it, I could.
On the other hand, Allah's Messenger ﷺ placed a curse on Marwan's father ( Al- Hakam bin Abi Al-`As when Marwan was still in his loins, so Marwan (bin Al-Hakam ) is an outcome of Allah's curse." As for Allah's statement: أَتَعِدَانِنِى أَنْ أُخْرَجَ ( Do you promise me that I will be raised ) meaning, resurrected. وَقَدْ خَلَتِ الْقُرُونُ مِن قَبْلِى ( when generations before me have passed ) meaning, generations of people have already passed away, and none of them has ever returned to tell ( what happened to them ) وَهُمَا يَسْتَغِيثَانِ اللَّهَ ( While they invoke Allah for help ) meaning, they ask Allah to guide him, and they say to their son, وَيْلَكَ ءَامِنْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ فَيَقُولُ مَا هَـذَآ إِلاَّ أَسَـطِيرُ الاٌّوَّلِينَ ( "Woe to you! Believe! Verily, the promise of Allah is true." But he says: "This is nothing but the legends of the ancient." ) Allah then says, أُوْلَـئِكَ الَّذِينَ حَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقَوْلُ فِى أُمَمٍ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ مِّنَ الْجِنِّ وَالإِنسِ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُواْ خَـسِرِينَ ( They are those against whom the Word (of torment ) has justified among the previous generations of Jinn and mankind that have passed away.Verily, they are ever the losers.) This indicates that all such people will be among their likes and their peers among the disbelievers, who will lose themselves and their families on the Day of Resurrection.
Allah's saying, أُوْلَـئِكَ ( Those are ) after He said, وَالَّذِى قَالَ ( But he who says ) confirms what we have mentioned above that the latter is a general description of a type of people including all those who fall under that description.
Al-Hasan and Qatadah both said, "This applies to the disbelieving, sinful person who is undutiful to his parents and who denies resurrection." Allah then says, وَلِكُلٍّ دَرَجَـتٌ مِّمَّا عَمِلُواْ ( And for all, there will be degrees according to that which they did, ) meaning that there will be degrees of punishment for each of them according to what they did. وَلِيُوَفِّيَهُمْ أَعْمَـلَهُمْ وَهُمْ لاَ يُظْلَمُونَ ( so that He might fully recompense them for their deeds, and they will not be wronged. ) which means Allah will not be unjust to them even in the amount of a speck of dust or less.
`Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam said: "The levels of the Fire descend, and those of Paradise ascend." Allah then says, وَيَوْمَ يُعْرَضُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ عَلَى النَّارِ أَذْهَبْتُمْ طَيِّبَـتِكُمْ فِى حَيَـتِكُمُ الدُّنْيَا وَاسْتَمْتَعْتُمْ بِهَا ( On the Day when those who disbelieve will be exposed to the Fire (it will be said ): "You received your good things in the life of the world, and you took your pleasure therein...") which means that this will be said to them by way of blame and reprimand.
The Commander of the faithful, `Umar bin Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, gave up many of the joys of food and drink and refrained from them while saying, "I am afraid of being like those whom Allah has reproached and condemned by saying, أَذْهَبْتُمْ طَيِّبَـتِكُمْ فِى حَيَـتِكُمُ الدُّنْيَا وَاسْتَمْتَعْتُمْ بِهَا ( You received your good things in the life of the world, and you took your pleasure therein )." Abu Mijlaz said: "Some people will lose good deeds that they had in the worldly life, and they will be told, أَذْهَبْتُمْ طَيِّبَـتِكُمْ فِى حَيَـتِكُمُ الدُّنْيَا ( You received your good things in the life of the world )." Then Allah says, فَالْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ عَذَابَ الْهُونِ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَسْتَكْبِرُونَ فِى الاٌّرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَبِمَا كُنتُمْ تَفْسُقُونَ ( Today, you will be recompensed with the torment of extreme humiliation, because you were arrogant upon the earth without a right, and because you used to rebel against Allah's command. ) which indicates that their punishment will be of a type comparable to their deeds.
They enjoyed themselves, were arrogant in their denial of the truth, and were involved in sinning and disobedience.
Thus, Allah punishes them with extreme humiliation, disgrace, severe pains, continued sorrow, and positions in the terrible depths of Hell -- may Allah protect us from all of that.

( And whoso saith unto his parents: Fie upon you both! ) the one who said this is ’Abd al-Rahman Ibn Abi Bakr; he said this to his parents before he became Muslim. ( Do ye threaten me that I shall be brought forth (again )) from the grave for the resurrection ( when generations before me have passed away ) and I have not seen them resurrected? He was referring to two of his forefathers who died during the pagan era: Jad’an and ’Uthman the sons of ’Amr. ( And they twain ) his parents ( cry unto Allah for help (and say ): Woe unto thee) may Allah straiten your livelihood! ( Believe ) in Muhammad ( pbuh ) and the Qur’an! ( Lo! the promise of Allah ) about the resurrection ( is true ) will happen after death. ( But he saith ) ’Abd al-Rahman says: ( This ) which Muhammad ( s )ays ( is naught save fables of the men of old ) nothing but the lies of the men of old:

But he who says to his parents: "Fie upon you both! Do you hold out the promise to me that I shall be raised up (again) when generations before me have passed away (without rising)?" While they (father and mother) invoke Allah for help (and rebuke their son): "Woe to you! Believe! Verily, the Promise of Allah is true." But he says: "This is nothing but the tales of the ancient."

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