Surah Ankabut ayat 53 Tafsir Quran 29:53

﴿وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالْعَذَابِ ۚ وَلَوْلَا أَجَلٌ مُّسَمًّى لَّجَاءَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ وَلَيَأْتِيَنَّهُم بَغْتَةً وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ﴾
[ العنكبوت: 53]

29:53 And they urge you to hasten the punishment. And if not for [the decree of] a specified term, punishment would have reached them. But it will surely come to them suddenly while they perceive not.

And they ask you to hasten the chastisement. Yet were it not for an appointed term for this chastisement the chastisement would have come upon them before long but it shall assuredly come upon them suddenly while they are unaware of the time of its coming.

And they -the infidels- challenge you -O Muhammad- to hasten on the promised retributive punishment! Had it not been for a predetermined point of time set for their reckoning -to give a chance to repent- their Hereafter would have been planted in the now. But it shall overtake them unawares when least expected

How the Idolators asked for the Torment to be hastened on Allah tells us of the ignorance of the idolators and how they asked for the punishment of Allah to be hastened so that it would befall them quickly.
This is like the Ayah, وَإِذْ قَالُواْ اللَّهُمَّ إِن كَانَ هَـذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِندِكَ فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنَا حِجَارَةً مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ أَوِ ائْتِنَا بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ ( And when they said: "O Allah! If this is indeed the truth from You, then rain down stones on us from the sky or bring on us a painful torment." ) ( 8:32 ).
And Allah says here: وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالْعَذَابِ وَلَوْلاَ أَجَلٌ مُّسَمًّى لَّجَآءَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ ( And they ask you to hasten on the torment, and had it not been for a term appointed, the torment would certainly have come to them. ) Were it not for the fact that Allah has decreed that the punishment should be delayed until the Day of Resurrection, the torment would have come upon them quickly as they demanded.
Then Allah says: وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالْعَذَابِ وَلَوْلاَ أَجَلٌ مُّسَمًّى لَّجَآءَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ وَلَيَأْتِيَنَّهُمْ بَغْتَةً وَهُمْ لاَ يَشْعُرُونَ - يَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالْعَذَابِ وَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ لَمُحِيطَةٌ بِالْكَـفِرِينَ ( And surely, it will come upon them suddenly while they perceive not! They ask you to hasten on the torment.
And verily, Hell, of a surety, will encompass the disbelievers. ) means, `they ask you to hasten on the punishment, but it will undoubtedly befall them.' يَوْمَ يَغْشَـهُمُ الْعَذَابُ مِن فَوْقِهِمْ وَمِن تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِهِمْ ( On the Day when the torment (Hellfire ) shall cover them from above them and from beneath their feet,) This is like the Ayah, لَهُم مِّن جَهَنَّمَ مِهَادٌ وَمِن فَوْقِهِمْ غَوَاشٍ ( Theirs will be a bed of Hell, and over them coverings (of Hell-fire )) ( 7:41 ). لَهُمْ مِّن فَوْقِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ مِّنَ النَّارِ وَمِن تَحْتِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ ( They shall have coverings of Fire, above them and coverings (of Fire ) beneath them) ( 39:16 ). لَوْ يَعْلَمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ حِينَ لاَ يَكُفُّونَ عَن وُجُوهِهِمُ النَّارَ وَلاَ عَن ظُهُورِهِمْ ( If only those who disbelieved knew (the time ) when they will not be able to ward off the Fire from their faces, nor from their backs) ( 21:39 ).
The Fire will cover them from all sides, which is more effective as a physical punishment. وَيِقُولُ ذُوقُواْ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ( and it will be said: "Taste what you used to do." ) This is a threat and a rebuke, which is a form of psychological punishment, as in the Ayah, يَوْمَ يُسْحَبُونَ فِى النَّارِ عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ ذُوقُواْ مَسَّ سَقَرَ - إِنَّا كُلَّ شَىْءٍ خَلَقْنَـهُ بِقَدَرٍ ( The Day they will be dragged on their faces into the Fire (it will be said to them ): "Taste you the touch of Hell!" Verily, We have created all things with a measurement.) ( 54:48-49 ) يَوْمَ يُدَعُّونَ إِلَى نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ دَعًّا - هَـذِهِ النَّارُ الَّتِى كُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ - أَفَسِحْرٌ هَـذَا أَمْ أَنتُمْ لاَ تُبْصِرُونَ - اصْلَوْهَا فَاصْبِرُواْ أَوْ لاَ تَصْبِرُواْ سَوَآءٌ عَلَيْكُمْ إِنَّمَا تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ( The Day when they will be pushed down by force to the fire of Hell, with a horrible, forceful pushing.
This is the Fire which you used to deny.
Is this magic or do you not see Enter you therein (taste you therein its heat ) and whether you are patient of it or impatient of it, it is all the same.
You are only being requited for what you used to do.) ( 52:13-16 )

(29:53) They ask you to hasten in bringing chastisement *93 upon them. Had there not been an appointed term for it, the chastisement would have already visited them; in fact it will come down upon them all of a sudden (at its appointed time) while they will not be aware of it.

And they urge you to hasten the meaning

*93) That is," They are challenging you again and again that If you are a true messenger and they are really denying the Truth, then you should not delay the torment with which you threaten them.
"
 

How the Idolators asked for the Torment to be hastened on Allah tells us of the ignorance of the idolators and how they asked for the punishment of Allah to be hastened so that it would befall them quickly.
This is like the Ayah, وَإِذْ قَالُواْ اللَّهُمَّ إِن كَانَ هَـذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِندِكَ فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنَا حِجَارَةً مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ أَوِ ائْتِنَا بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ ( And when they said: "O Allah! If this is indeed the truth from You, then rain down stones on us from the sky or bring on us a painful torment." ) ( 8:32 ).
And Allah says here: وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالْعَذَابِ وَلَوْلاَ أَجَلٌ مُّسَمًّى لَّجَآءَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ ( And they ask you to hasten on the torment, and had it not been for a term appointed, the torment would certainly have come to them. ) Were it not for the fact that Allah has decreed that the punishment should be delayed until the Day of Resurrection, the torment would have come upon them quickly as they demanded.
Then Allah says: وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالْعَذَابِ وَلَوْلاَ أَجَلٌ مُّسَمًّى لَّجَآءَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ وَلَيَأْتِيَنَّهُمْ بَغْتَةً وَهُمْ لاَ يَشْعُرُونَ - يَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالْعَذَابِ وَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ لَمُحِيطَةٌ بِالْكَـفِرِينَ ( And surely, it will come upon them suddenly while they perceive not! They ask you to hasten on the torment.
And verily, Hell, of a surety, will encompass the disbelievers. ) means, `they ask you to hasten on the punishment, but it will undoubtedly befall them.' يَوْمَ يَغْشَـهُمُ الْعَذَابُ مِن فَوْقِهِمْ وَمِن تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِهِمْ ( On the Day when the torment (Hellfire ) shall cover them from above them and from beneath their feet,) This is like the Ayah, لَهُم مِّن جَهَنَّمَ مِهَادٌ وَمِن فَوْقِهِمْ غَوَاشٍ ( Theirs will be a bed of Hell, and over them coverings (of Hell-fire )) ( 7:41 ). لَهُمْ مِّن فَوْقِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ مِّنَ النَّارِ وَمِن تَحْتِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ ( They shall have coverings of Fire, above them and coverings (of Fire ) beneath them) ( 39:16 ). لَوْ يَعْلَمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ حِينَ لاَ يَكُفُّونَ عَن وُجُوهِهِمُ النَّارَ وَلاَ عَن ظُهُورِهِمْ ( If only those who disbelieved knew (the time ) when they will not be able to ward off the Fire from their faces, nor from their backs) ( 21:39 ).
The Fire will cover them from all sides, which is more effective as a physical punishment. وَيِقُولُ ذُوقُواْ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ( and it will be said: "Taste what you used to do." ) This is a threat and a rebuke, which is a form of psychological punishment, as in the Ayah, يَوْمَ يُسْحَبُونَ فِى النَّارِ عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ ذُوقُواْ مَسَّ سَقَرَ - إِنَّا كُلَّ شَىْءٍ خَلَقْنَـهُ بِقَدَرٍ ( The Day they will be dragged on their faces into the Fire (it will be said to them ): "Taste you the touch of Hell!" Verily, We have created all things with a measurement.) ( 54:48-49 ) يَوْمَ يُدَعُّونَ إِلَى نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ دَعًّا - هَـذِهِ النَّارُ الَّتِى كُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ - أَفَسِحْرٌ هَـذَا أَمْ أَنتُمْ لاَ تُبْصِرُونَ - اصْلَوْهَا فَاصْبِرُواْ أَوْ لاَ تَصْبِرُواْ سَوَآءٌ عَلَيْكُمْ إِنَّمَا تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ( The Day when they will be pushed down by force to the fire of Hell, with a horrible, forceful pushing.
This is the Fire which you used to deny.
Is this magic or do you not see Enter you therein (taste you therein its heat ) and whether you are patient of it or impatient of it, it is all the same.
You are only being requited for what you used to do.) ( 52:13-16 )

( They bid thee ) O Muhammad ( hasten on the doom (of Allah ). And if a term had not been appointed, the doom would assuredly have come unto them) before its due time. ( And verily it will come upon them suddenly when they perceive not ) its coming down upon them.

And they ask you to hasten on the torment (for them), and had it not been for a term appointed, the torment would certainly have come to them. And surely, it will come upon them suddenly while they perceive not!

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