Surah An Nur ayat 22 Tafsir Quran 24:22

﴿وَلَا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَن يُؤْتُوا أُولِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْمَسَاكِينَ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۖ وَلْيَعْفُوا وَلْيَصْفَحُوا ۗ أَلَا تُحِبُّونَ أَن يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ﴾
[ النور: 22]

24:22 And let not those of virtue among you and wealth swear not to give [aid] to their relatives and the needy and the emigrants for the cause of Allah, and let them pardon and overlook. Would you not like that Allah should forgive you? And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.

And do not let those of you who possess bounty the wealthy and the affluent swear not to give to the near of kin and the poor and those who emigrate in the way of God — this was revealed regarding Abū Bakr who swore to provide no more for Mistah his maternal cousin a destitute Emigrant who had fought at the battle of Badr because of his involvement in the calumny when thitherto he had provided for him. And it was revealed also regarding certain Companions who swore not to give voluntary alms to those who had participated in spreading the calumny in any way. Let them forgive and excuse them in this matter. Do you not love that God should forgive you? And God is Forgiving Merciful to believers. Abū Bakr said ‘Indeed. I would love that God forgive me’ and he restored thereafter to Mistah what he used to expend on him.

And those of you in whom Allahs grace abounds must not resolve against helping the needy among their kindred and those in want as well as those who emigrated to where they could best serve Allahs cause. It is to their advantage to accord them forgiveness and not to entertain them with thoughts of ill-will. Would you not like that Allah forgives your iniquities, and Allah is Ghafurun and Rahimun

Urging Those Who have been blessed with Wealth to give and to be tolerant Allah says, وَلاَ يَأْتَلِ ( And let not swear ) meaning, make an oath, أُوْلُواْ الْفَضْلِ مِنكُمْ ( those among you who are blessed with graces ) means, those who have the means to give charity and do good, وَالسَّعَةِ ( and wealth ) means, good fortune, أَن يُؤْتُواْ أُوْلِى الْقُرْبَى وَالْمَسَـكِينَ وَالْمُهَـجِرِينَ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ( to give to their kinsmen, the poor, and those who left their homes for Allah's cause. ) means, do not swear that you will not uphold the ties of kinship with your relatives who are needy or who migrated for the sake of Allah, which is the ultimate act of kindness in the area of upholding kinship ties.
Allah says, وَلْيَعْفُواْ وَلْيَصْفَحُواْ ( Let them pardon and forgive. ) past insults and bad treatment.
This is part of the patience, generosity and kindness of Allah towards His creation, despite the fact that they wrong themselves.
This Ayah was revealed concerning As-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, when he swore that he would not help Mistah bin Uthathah after he said what he said about `A'ishah, as we have already seen in the Hadith.
When Allah revealed the innocence of the Mother of the believers, `A'ishah, and the believers were happy and content with the outcome of this incident, and those believers who had talked about the matter repented, and the prescribed punishment had been carried out upon those on whom it was carried out, then Allah started to soften the heart of As-Siddiq towards his relative Mistah bin Uthathah.
Mistah was the cousin of As-Siddiq, the son of his maternal aunt, and he was a poor man with no wealth except whatever Abu Bakr spent on him.
He was one of those who had migrated for the sake of Allah.
He had invented the lies and the slander, but then Allah accepted his repentance from that and the prescribed punishment was carried out on him.
As-Siddiq was known for his generosity and he did favors to his relatives and strangers alike.
When this Ayah was revealed: أَلاَ تُحِبُّونَ أَن يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ ( Do you not love that Allah should forgive you ), which shows that the reward fits the action, and that `if you forgive others, you will be forgiven,' then As-Siddiq said, "Of course, by Allah, we love -- O our Lord -- that You should forgive us." Then he resumed his spending on Mistah and said, "By Allah I will never stop spending on him." This was to counteract what he had said previously, "By Allah I will never spend on him." This proves that he deserved to be called As-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him and his daughter.

(24:22) Those among you, who are bountiful and persons of means, should not swear on oath that they would withhold their help from their relatives, the indigent and those who have left their homes for the cause of Allah: they should forgive and forbear. Do you not wish that Allah should forgive you? and Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.  *20

And let not those of virtue among meaning

*20) Hadrat `A'ishah has stated that after the revelation of verses 11-21 absolving her from the accusation, Hadrat Abu Bakr swore that he would no longer support Mistah bin Uthatha.
This was because the man had shown absolutely no regard for the relationship nor for the favours that Abu Bakr had all along been showing him and his family.
At this verse 22 was revealed and Hadrat Abu Bakr, on hearing it, immediately said: " By God! we do want that Allah should forgive us. " Consequently he again started to help Mistah and in a more liberal manner than before.
According to Hadrat `Abdullah bin `Abbas, some other Companions besides Hadrat Abu Bakr, also had sworn that they would discontinue helping those who had taken an active part in the slander.
After the revelation of this verse, all of them revoked their oaths and the ill-will that had been created by the mischief was gone.

Here a question may arise as to whether a person, who swears for something and Later on revokes the oath on fording that there was no good in it and adopts a better and more virtuous course, should offer expiation for breaking the oath or not.
One group of the jurists is of the opinion that adoption of the virtuous course itself is the expiation and nothing more needs to be done.
They base their argument on this verse where Allah commanded Hadrat Abu Bakr to revoke his oath but did not require him to atone for it.
They also cite a Tradition of the Holy Prophet in support of their argument, saying: " lf anybody takes an oath for something and later on fords that another course is better and adopts it, his adoption of a better course by itself is the atonement for breaking the oath. "
The other group is of the view that there is a clear Commandment in the Qur'an concerning the breaking of oath ( II: 225, V: 89 ), which has neither been abrogated by this verse nor clearly amended.
Therefore the earlier Commandment stands.
No doubt, Allah commanded Hadrat Abu Bakr to revoke his oath but He did not tell him that expiation was not necessary.
As regards the Tradition of the Holy Prophet, it only means this that the sin of taking an oath for a wrong thing is wiped out when the right course is adopted; it does not absolve one from making expiation for the oath itself.
Another Tradition of the Holy Prophet clarifies this view.
He said: " Whoso swears for something and then finds that another course is better than the one he had sworn for, he should adopt the better course and atone for his oath.
" This shows that expiation for breaking one's oath and expiation of the sin for not doing good are different things.
The expiation for the first is to adopt the right course, and for the second the same as has been laid down in the Qur'an.
For further explanation, see E.N.
46 of Surah Sad.

 

Urging Those Who have been blessed with Wealth to give and to be tolerant Allah says, وَلاَ يَأْتَلِ ( And let not swear ) meaning, make an oath, أُوْلُواْ الْفَضْلِ مِنكُمْ ( those among you who are blessed with graces ) means, those who have the means to give charity and do good, وَالسَّعَةِ ( and wealth ) means, good fortune, أَن يُؤْتُواْ أُوْلِى الْقُرْبَى وَالْمَسَـكِينَ وَالْمُهَـجِرِينَ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ( to give to their kinsmen, the poor, and those who left their homes for Allah's cause. ) means, do not swear that you will not uphold the ties of kinship with your relatives who are needy or who migrated for the sake of Allah, which is the ultimate act of kindness in the area of upholding kinship ties.
Allah says, وَلْيَعْفُواْ وَلْيَصْفَحُواْ ( Let them pardon and forgive. ) past insults and bad treatment.
This is part of the patience, generosity and kindness of Allah towards His creation, despite the fact that they wrong themselves.
This Ayah was revealed concerning As-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, when he swore that he would not help Mistah bin Uthathah after he said what he said about `A'ishah, as we have already seen in the Hadith.
When Allah revealed the innocence of the Mother of the believers, `A'ishah, and the believers were happy and content with the outcome of this incident, and those believers who had talked about the matter repented, and the prescribed punishment had been carried out upon those on whom it was carried out, then Allah started to soften the heart of As-Siddiq towards his relative Mistah bin Uthathah.
Mistah was the cousin of As-Siddiq, the son of his maternal aunt, and he was a poor man with no wealth except whatever Abu Bakr spent on him.
He was one of those who had migrated for the sake of Allah.
He had invented the lies and the slander, but then Allah accepted his repentance from that and the prescribed punishment was carried out on him.
As-Siddiq was known for his generosity and he did favors to his relatives and strangers alike.
When this Ayah was revealed: أَلاَ تُحِبُّونَ أَن يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ ( Do you not love that Allah should forgive you ), which shows that the reward fits the action, and that `if you forgive others, you will be forgiven,' then As-Siddiq said, "Of course, by Allah, we love -- O our Lord -- that You should forgive us." Then he resumed his spending on Mistah and said, "By Allah I will never stop spending on him." This was to counteract what he had said previously, "By Allah I will never spend on him." This proves that he deserved to be called As-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him and his daughter.

Allah then revealed the following about Abu Bakr when he swore that he will not spend on his relatives, Mistah and others, because they talked about the slandering of ’A’ishah: ( And let not those who possess dignity ) through their spending ( and ease ) due to their wealth ( among you swear not to give to the near of kin ) Mistah was his maternal cousin ( and to the needy ) beside being his cousin, Mistah was also poor, ( and to fugitives for the cause of Allah ) and to the Immigrants for the sake of Allah, for Mistah was also an Immigrant. ( Let them forgive and show indulgence. Yearn ye not that Allah may forgive you ) do you not want, O Abu Bakr, that Allah forgive you? ( Allah is Forgiving, Merciful ) towards the person who repents. When he heard this, Abu Bakr said: " I do indeed, O my Lord! " and so after the revelation of this verse, he showed kindness to his relatives and helped them financially.

And let not those among you who are blessed with graces and wealth swear not to give (any sort of help) to their kinsmen, Al-Masakin (the poor), and those who left their homes for Allah's Cause. Let them pardon and forgive. Do you not love that Allah should forgive you? And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

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