Surah Yunus ayat 83 Tafsir Quran 10:83

﴿فَمَا آمَنَ لِمُوسَىٰ إِلَّا ذُرِّيَّةٌ مِّن قَوْمِهِ عَلَىٰ خَوْفٍ مِّن فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَئِهِمْ أَن يَفْتِنَهُمْ ۚ وَإِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ لَعَالٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَإِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ﴾
[ يونس: 83]

10:83 But no one believed Moses, except [some] youths among his people, for fear of Pharaoh and his establishment that they would persecute them. And indeed, Pharaoh was haughty within the land, and indeed, he was of the transgressors

But with Moses none believed save a few descendants a party of the children of his that is Pharaoh’s folk out of fear of Pharaoh and their council that he Pharaoh might persecute them turn them away from his Moses’s religion by torturing them; and truly Pharaoh was despotic arrogant in the land the land of Egypt and truly he was of the prodigal of those who transgress the bounds by claiming to be Lords.

The people of pharaoh, knew Mussa to be in the right. Nonetheless, only a few of them gave credence to the message through fear of Pharaoh and of the Pharonic nobility lest they should persecute them. Pharaoh was indeed an unmerciful tyrannical ruler in the land, who strayed beyond just limits, and in every manner and degree was he flagrantly excessive

Only a Few Youth from Fir`awn's People believed in Musa Allah tells us that despite all the clear signs and irrefutable evidence Musa came with, only a few offspring from Fir`awn's followers believed in him.
They were even scared that Fir`awn and his followers would force them to return to Kufr ( disbelief ).
Fir`awn was an evil tyrant and extremely arrogant.
His people feared him and his power too much.
Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said: فَمَآ ءامَنَ لِمُوسَى إِلاَّ ذُرِّيَّةٌ مِّن قَوْمِهِ عَلَى خَوْفٍ مِّن فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَئِهِمْ أَن يَفْتِنَهُمْ ( But none believed in Musa except the offspring of his people because of the fear of Fir `awn and his chiefs, lest they should persecute them. ) "The offspring that believed in Musa from Fir`awn's people, other than Banu Israel, were few.
Among them were Fir`awn's wife, the believer who was hiding his faith, Fir`awn's treasurer, and his wife." The Children of Israel, however, themselves believed in Musa, all of them.
They were glad to see him coming.
They knew of his description and the news of his advent from their previous Books.
They knew that Allah was going to save them through him from the capture of Fir`awn and give them power over him.
So when this knowledge reached Fir`awn he was very wary.
But his caution and weariness didn't help him one bit.
When Musa arrived, Fir`awn subjected them to great harm, and قَالُواْ أُوذِينَا مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَأْتِيَنَا وَمِن بَعْدِ مَا جِئْتَنَا قَالَ عَسَى رَبُّكُمْ أَن يُهْلِكَ عَدُوَّكُمْ وَيَسْتَخْلِفَكُمْ فِى الاٌّرْضِ فَيَنظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ ( They said: "We (Children of Israel ) suffered troubles before you came to us, and since you have come to us." He said: "It may be that your Lord will destroy your enemy and make you successors on the earth, so that He may see how you act')7:129 The fact that all of the Children Israel became believers is evidenced by the following Ayat: وَقَالَ مُوسَى يقَوْمِ إِن كُنتُمْ ءامَنْتُمْ بِاللَّهِ فَعَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلُواْ إِن كُنْتُم مُّسْلِمِينَ

(10:83) None but a few youths *78 of Moses' people accepted him, *79 fearing that Pharaoh and their own chiefs would persecute them. Indeed Pharaoh was mighty in the land, he was among those who exceed all limits. *80

But no one believed Moses, except [some] meaning

*78).
The word dhurriyah used in this verse literally means 'offspring'.
We have, however, rendered this into English as 'a few youths'.
We have preferred this translation because the Qur'an employed this particular expression so as to convey the idea that it was a few youths - male and female - who had the courage of their convictions to embrace and champion the truth in those perilous times whereas their parents and the more elderly members of the community were unable to do so.
The older segment of the population was too deeply concerned with its materialistic interests, too engrossed in worldliness and too eager to enjoy a life of security to stand by the truth when that seemed to invite all kinds of peril.
On the contrary, this older generation tried to persuade the young ones to stay away from Moses for the simple reason that it would invite the wrath of Pharaoh upon themselves and upon others.

The Qur'an underscores this point, for once again those who came forward and courageously supported the Prophet ( peace be on him ) were not the elderly.
They were rather a few courageous Makkan youths.
Those who embraced Islam at this very early period in its history - the period of revelation of these verses - and who supported the message of truth despite fierce persecution, were all young people.
This group was altogether bereft of the aged doters of a life free of peril and hazard.
'Ali ibn abi Talib, Ja'far ibn al-'Aqil, Zubayr, Talhah, Sa'd ibn abi Waqqas, Mus'ab ibn 'Umayr, 'Abd
Allah ibn Mas'ud were all young people and each one of them, at the time of embracing Islam, was under twenty.
Likewise, 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf, Bilal and Suhayb were all in their twenties while Abu 'Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah, Zayd ibn Harithah, 'Uthman ibn 'Affan and 'Umar ibn al-Khattab were between thirty and thirty-five years of age.
The oldest among these Companions was Abu Bakr.
and when he embraced Islam he too was no older than thirty-eight.
'Ammar ibn Yasir was the same age as the Prophet ( peace be on him ), and only one Companion, 'Ubaydah ibn Harith al-Muttalibi was older than he.

*79).
The words ***** which occur in the present verse have given rise to the misunderstanding that all the Israelites were unbelievers, and that in the early phases of Moses' 'prophethood' only a very few persons were believers.
The use of the preposition ***** when applied to ***** signifies 'to obey and follow someone'.
What these words, therefore, mean is that except for a few young people none in the whole nation of Israel was prepared to accept Moses as his leader, to follow him and support him in his Islamic mission.
The part of the verse which follows makes it quite clear that this was not because they had any doubts about the veracity of Moses ( peace be on him ) or about the truth of his mission.
The only reason for them not joining hands with him was that they - especially their elders and nobles - were unwilling to risk Pharaoh's fierce persecution.

These people both in terms of pedigree and faith, belonged to the ummah of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and Joseph ( peace be on them ) and were, therefore, Muslims.
Yet the long subjugation of the Israelites had created such moral degeneration and faint-heartedness among them that they had been rendered altogether incapable of championing the cause of faith and truth or of opposing falsehood and unbelief, or even supporting those who had set out to champion that cause.
The overall attitude of the Israelites during the whole of this conflict between Moses and Pharaoh may be gauged by the following statement in the Bible:
They met Moses and Aaron, who were waiting for them, as they came forth from Pharaoh; and they said to them, 'The Lord look upon you and judge, because you have made us offensive in the sight of Pharaoh and his servants, and have put a sword in their hand to kill us' ( Exodus 5: 20-1 ).

According to the Talmud, the Israelites used to tell the Prophets Moses and Aaron ( peace be on them ): 'Yea', said the overburdened children of Israel to Moses and Aaron, 'we are like a lamb which the wolf has carried from its flock, the shepherd strives to take it from him, but between the two the lamb is pulled to pieces; between ye and Pharaoh will we all be killed' ( H.
Polano, The Talmud Selections, p.
152 ).

The Qur'an also refers to much the same when it mentions what the Israelites said to Prophet Moses ( peace he on him ): We were oppressed before your coming to us and after it ( al-A'raf 7: 129 ).

*80).
The word ***** which has been used here signifies transgressors, those who exceed the limits.
But this literal translation hardly conveys the true spirit of the wored.
For it has been used to refer to those who, in order to achieve their objectives, are not deterred from using any means, howsoever evil they may be.
Such people do not mind committing injustice, or indulging in acts of moral turpitude.
They are also wont to go to any extent in pursuing their desires.
Once they have something in mind, they simply know no bounds.

 

Only a Few Youth from Fir`awn's People believed in Musa Allah tells us that despite all the clear signs and irrefutable evidence Musa came with, only a few offspring from Fir`awn's followers believed in him.
They were even scared that Fir`awn and his followers would force them to return to Kufr ( disbelief ).
Fir`awn was an evil tyrant and extremely arrogant.
His people feared him and his power too much.
Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said: فَمَآ ءامَنَ لِمُوسَى إِلاَّ ذُرِّيَّةٌ مِّن قَوْمِهِ عَلَى خَوْفٍ مِّن فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَئِهِمْ أَن يَفْتِنَهُمْ ( But none believed in Musa except the offspring of his people because of the fear of Fir `awn and his chiefs, lest they should persecute them. ) "The offspring that believed in Musa from Fir`awn's people, other than Banu Israel, were few.
Among them were Fir`awn's wife, the believer who was hiding his faith, Fir`awn's treasurer, and his wife." The Children of Israel, however, themselves believed in Musa, all of them.
They were glad to see him coming.
They knew of his description and the news of his advent from their previous Books.
They knew that Allah was going to save them through him from the capture of Fir`awn and give them power over him.
So when this knowledge reached Fir`awn he was very wary.
But his caution and weariness didn't help him one bit.
When Musa arrived, Fir`awn subjected them to great harm, and قَالُواْ أُوذِينَا مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَأْتِيَنَا وَمِن بَعْدِ مَا جِئْتَنَا قَالَ عَسَى رَبُّكُمْ أَن يُهْلِكَ عَدُوَّكُمْ وَيَسْتَخْلِفَكُمْ فِى الاٌّرْضِ فَيَنظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ ( They said: "We (Children of Israel ) suffered troubles before you came to us, and since you have come to us." He said: "It may be that your Lord will destroy your enemy and make you successors on the earth, so that He may see how you act')7:129 The fact that all of the Children Israel became believers is evidenced by the following Ayat: وَقَالَ مُوسَى يقَوْمِ إِن كُنتُمْ ءامَنْتُمْ بِاللَّهِ فَعَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلُواْ إِن كُنْتُم مُّسْلِمِينَ

( But none trusted ) none believed ( Moses, save some scions of his people ) from the people of Pharaoh: their fathers were Copts and their mothers were Israelites, and so they believed in Moses, ( (and they were ) in fear of Pharaoh and their chiefs, that they would persecute them) kill them. ( Lo! Pharaoh was verily a tyrant ) a foe ( in the land ) to the religion of Moses, ( and Lo! he verily was of the wanton ) he was of the idolaters.

But none believed in Musa (Moses) except the offspring of his people, because of the fear of Fir'aun (Pharaoh) and his chiefs, lest they should persecute them; and verily, Fir'aun (Pharaoh) was arrogant tyrant on the earth, he was indeed one of the Musrifun (polytheists, sinners and transgressors, those who give up the truth and follow the evil, and commit all kinds of great sins).

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