Surah Tawbah ayat 93 Tafsir Quran 9:93

﴿۞ إِنَّمَا السَّبِيلُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ يَسْتَأْذِنُونَكَ وَهُمْ أَغْنِيَاءُ ۚ رَضُوا بِأَن يَكُونُوا مَعَ الْخَوَالِفِ وَطَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ﴾
[ التوبة: 93]

9:93 The cause [for blame] is only upon those who ask permission of you while they are rich. They are satisfied to be with those who stay behind, and Allah has sealed over their hearts, so they do not know.

The way of blame is only against those who ask leave of you to stay behind when they are rich. They are content to be with those who stay behind and God has set a seal on their hearts so that they do not know a similar statement has already been made.

But the consequence is indeed incurred on those who are rich and yet they make excuses to claim exemption and do not contribute to Allahs cause. Satisfied in mind, they are pleased to remain behind together with the stay-at- home. Allah has impressed their hearts with dullness of comprehension, and therefore, they do not apprehend the voice from Heaven nor can they be provoked to apprehend virtue. They do not know what is true and by consequence do not know what is good

Legitimate Excuses for staying away from Jihad Allah mentions here the valid excuses that permit one to stay away from fighting.
He first mentions the excuses that remain with a person, the weakness in the body that disallows one from Jihad, such as blindness, limping, and so forth.
He then mentions the excuses that are not permanent, such as an illness that would prevent one from fighting in the cause of Allah, or poverty that prevents preparing for Jihad.
There is no sin in these cases if they remain behind, providing that when they remain behind, they do not spread malice or try to discourage Muslims from fighting, but all the while observing good behavior in this state, just as Allah said, مَا عَلَى الْمُحْسِنِينَ مِن سَبِيلٍ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( No means (of complaint ) can there be against the doers of good.
And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.) Al-Awza`i said, "The people went out for the Istisqa' ( rain ) prayer.
Bilal bin Sa`d stood up, praised Allah and thanked Him then said, `O those who are present! Do you concur that wrong has been done' They said, `Yes, by Allah!' He said, `O Allah! We hear your statement, مَا عَلَى الْمُحْسِنِينَ مِن سَبِيلٍ ( No means (of complaint ) can there be against the doers of good.) O Allah! We admit our errors, so forgive us and give us mercy and rain.' He then raised his hands and the people also raised their hands, and rain was sent down on them." Mujahid said about Allah's statement, وَلاَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ إِذَا مَآ أَتَوْكَ لِتَحْمِلَهُمْ ( Nor (is there blame ) on those who came to you to be provided with mounts) Mujahid said; "It was revealed about Bani Muqarrin from the tribe of Muzaynah.
" Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Al-Hasan said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«لَقَدْ خَلَّفْتُمْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَقْوَامًا مَا أَنْفَقْتُمْ مِنْ نَفَقَةٍ وَلَا قَطَعْتُمْ وَادِيًا وَلَا نِلْتُمْ مِنْ عَدُوَ نَيْلًا إِلَّا وَقَدْ شَرَكُوكُمْ فِي الْأَجْر»
( Some people have remained behind you in Al-Madinah; and you never spent anything, crossed a valley, or afflicted hardship on an enemy, but they were sharing the reward with you. ) He then recited the Ayah, وَلاَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ إِذَا مَآ أَتَوْكَ لِتَحْمِلَهُمْ قُلْتَ لاَ أَجِدُ مَآ أَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ ( Nor (is there blame ) on those who came to you to be provided with mounts, when you said: "I can find no mounts for you.") This Hadith has a basis in the Two Sahihs from Anas, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«إِنَّ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَقْوَامًا مَا قَطَعْتُمْ وَادِيًا وَلَا سِرْتُمْ سَيْرًا إِلَّا وَهُمْ مَعَكُم»
( Some people have remained behind in Al-Madinah and you never crossed a valley or marched forth, but they were with you. ) They said, "While they are still at Al-Madinah" He said,
«نَعَمْ حَبَسَهُمُ الْعُذْر»
( Yes, as they have been held back by a (legal ) excuse.) Then, Allah criticized those who seek permission to remain behind while they are rich, admonishing them for wanting to stay behind with women who remained in their homes, وَطَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ ( and Allah has sealed up their hearts, so that they know not (what they are losing ).)

Legitimate Excuses for staying away from Jihad Allah mentions here the valid excuses that permit one to stay away from fighting.
He first mentions the excuses that remain with a person, the weakness in the body that disallows one from Jihad, such as blindness, limping, and so forth.
He then mentions the excuses that are not permanent, such as an illness that would prevent one from fighting in the cause of Allah, or poverty that prevents preparing for Jihad.
There is no sin in these cases if they remain behind, providing that when they remain behind, they do not spread malice or try to discourage Muslims from fighting, but all the while observing good behavior in this state, just as Allah said, مَا عَلَى الْمُحْسِنِينَ مِن سَبِيلٍ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( No means (of complaint ) can there be against the doers of good.
And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.) Al-Awza`i said, "The people went out for the Istisqa' ( rain ) prayer.
Bilal bin Sa`d stood up, praised Allah and thanked Him then said, `O those who are present! Do you concur that wrong has been done' They said, `Yes, by Allah!' He said, `O Allah! We hear your statement, مَا عَلَى الْمُحْسِنِينَ مِن سَبِيلٍ ( No means (of complaint ) can there be against the doers of good.) O Allah! We admit our errors, so forgive us and give us mercy and rain.' He then raised his hands and the people also raised their hands, and rain was sent down on them." Mujahid said about Allah's statement, وَلاَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ إِذَا مَآ أَتَوْكَ لِتَحْمِلَهُمْ ( Nor (is there blame ) on those who came to you to be provided with mounts) Mujahid said; "It was revealed about Bani Muqarrin from the tribe of Muzaynah.
" Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Al-Hasan said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «لَقَدْ خَلَّفْتُمْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَقْوَامًا مَا أَنْفَقْتُمْ مِنْ نَفَقَةٍ وَلَا قَطَعْتُمْ وَادِيًا وَلَا نِلْتُمْ مِنْ عَدُوَ نَيْلًا إِلَّا وَقَدْ شَرَكُوكُمْ فِي الْأَجْر» ( Some people have remained behind you in Al-Madinah; and you never spent anything, crossed a valley, or afflicted hardship on an enemy, but they were sharing the reward with you. ) He then recited the Ayah, وَلاَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ إِذَا مَآ أَتَوْكَ لِتَحْمِلَهُمْ قُلْتَ لاَ أَجِدُ مَآ أَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ ( Nor (is there blame ) on those who came to you to be provided with mounts, when you said: "I can find no mounts for you.") This Hadith has a basis in the Two Sahihs from Anas, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «إِنَّ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَقْوَامًا مَا قَطَعْتُمْ وَادِيًا وَلَا سِرْتُمْ سَيْرًا إِلَّا وَهُمْ مَعَكُم» ( Some people have remained behind in Al-Madinah and you never crossed a valley or marched forth, but they were with you. ) They said, "While they are still at Al-Madinah" He said, «نَعَمْ حَبَسَهُمُ الْعُذْر» ( Yes, as they have been held back by a (legal ) excuse.) Then, Allah criticized those who seek permission to remain behind while they are rich, admonishing them for wanting to stay behind with women who remained in their homes, وَطَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ ( and Allah has sealed up their hearts, so that they know not (what they are losing ).)

( The road (of blame ) is only against those who ask for leave of thee) to stay at home ( when they are rich ) these are ’Abdullah Ibn Ubayy, Jadd Ibn Qays, Mu’attib Ibn Qushayr and their host who were about 70 men. ( They are content to be with the useless ) with the women and children. ( Allah hath sealed their hearts so that they know not ) Allah’s command nor do they genuinely believe.

The ground (of complaint) is only against those who are rich, and yet ask exemption. They are content to be with (the women) who sit behind (at home) and Allah has sealed up their hearts (from all kinds of goodness and right guidance) so that they know not (what they are losing).

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