Surah Assaaffat ayat 149 Tafsir Quran 37:149

﴿فَاسْتَفْتِهِمْ أَلِرَبِّكَ الْبَنَاتُ وَلَهُمُ الْبَنُونَ﴾
[ الصافات: 149]

37:149 So inquire of them, [O Muhammad], "Does your Lord have daughters while they have sons?

So ask them inquire of the Meccan disbelievers by way of reproach are daughters to be for your Lord after their claim that the angels were God’s daughters while sons are to be for them? so that the best becomes exclusively theirs?

And now ask them -the infidels- O Muhammad and question the truth of their dictum: Has Allah chosen as they irreverently alleged the females and left for them the males

Refutation of Those Who attribute Children to Allah and say that the Angels are His Daughters Allah denounces those idolators who attribute daughters to Allah -- exalted be He above that -- and attributed to themselves what they desired, i.e., they wanted male offspring to themselves. وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُمْ بِالاٍّنْثَى ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُ مُسْوَدًّا وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ ( And when the news of (the birth of ) a female ( child ) is brought to any of them, his face becomes dark, and he is filled with inward grief!) ( 16:58 ), i.e., that upsets him, and he would only choose sons for himself.
Allah says: `Then how can they attribute to Allah the share that they would not choose for themselves' Allah says: فَاسْتَفْتِهِمْ ( Now ask them ) means, quiz them by way of denunciation, أَلِرَبِّكَ الْبَنَاتُ وَلَهُمُ الْبَنُونَ ( Are there (only ) daughters for your Lord and sons for them) This is like the Ayah: أَلَكُمُ الذَّكَرُ وَلَهُ الاٍّنثَى - تِلْكَ إِذاً قِسْمَةٌ ضِيزَى ( Is it for you the males and for Him the females That indeed is a division most unfair! ) ( 53:21-22 ). أَمْ خَلَقْنَا الْمَلَـئِكَةَ إِنَـثاً وَهُمْ شَـهِدُونَ ( Or did We create the angels female while they were witnesses ) means, how did they decide that the angels are female when they did not witness their creation This is like the Ayah: وَجَعَلُواْ الْمَلَـئِكَةَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ عِبَادُ الرَّحْمَـنِ إِنَـثاً أَشَهِدُواْ خَلْقَهُمْ سَتُكْتَبُ شَهَـدَتُهُمْ وَيُسْـَلُونَ ( And they make the angels females who themselves are servants of the Most Gracious.
Did they witness their creation Their testimony will be recorded, and they will be questioned! ) ( 43:19 ), which means, they will be questioned about that on the Day of Resurrection. أَلاَ إِنَّهُم مِّنْ إِفْكِهِمْ ( Verily, it is of their falsehood ) means, it is a part of the lies they tell. لَيَقُولُونَوَلَدَ اللَّهُ ( that they say: "Allah has begotten." ) meaning, that offspring have been born to Him. وَإِنَّهُمْ لَكَـذِبُونَ ( And verily, they are liars! ) Allah mentions three of the things they said about the angels, which formed the utmost disbelief and falsehood.
They said that they were the daughters of Allah and that Allah had offspring -- exalted and sanctified be He above that.
Then they made these offspring female, then they worshipped them instead of Allah, exalted and sanctified be He -- any of which on its own would be sufficient to condemn them to spend eternity in Hell.
Then Allah says, denouncing them: أَصْطَفَى الْبَنَاتِ عَلَى الْبَنِينَ ( Has He (then ) chosen daughters rather than sons) meaning, what would make Him choose daughters rather than sons This is like the Ayah, أَفَأَصْفَـكُمْ رَبُّكُم بِالْبَنِينَ وَاتَّخَذَ مِنَ الْمَلَـئِكَةِ إِنَاثًا إِنَّكُمْ لَتَقُولُونَ قَوْلاً عَظِيمًا ( Has then your Lord preferred for you sons, and taken for Himself from among the angels daughters Verily, you indeed utter an awful saying. ) ( 17:40 ) Allah says: مَا لَكُمْ كَيْفَ تَحْكُمُونَ ( What is the matter with you How do you decide ) meaning, `what kind of reasoning makes you say that' أَفَلاَ تَذَكَّرُونَ - أَمْ لَكُمْ سُلْطَـنٌ مُّبِينٌ ( Will you not then remember Or is there for you a plain authority ) means, `evidence to prove what you say.' فَأْتُواْ بِكِتَـبِكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ صَـدِقِينَ ( Then bring your Book if you are truthful! ) means, `produce evidence for that derived from a Book revealed from heaven by Allah, to prove that He has taken what you say ( i.e., offspring ).
What you say is totally irrational.' وَجَعَلُواْ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْجِنَّةِ نَسَباً ( And they have invented a kinship between Him and the Jinn, ) Mujahid said, "The idolators said that the angels were the daughters of Allah.
Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, said, `Then who are their mothers' They said, `The daughters of the leaders of the Jinn."' Qatadah and Ibn Zayd also said this.
Allah -- may He be blessed and exalted -- says: وَلَقَدْ عَلِمَتِ الجِنَّةُ ( but the jinn know ) meaning, those to whom this is attributed إِنَّهُمْ لَمُحْضَرُونَ ( know well that they have indeed to appear (before Him ).) means, that those who say that will be brought forth for punishment on the Day of Reckoning, because of the lies and falsehood that they uttered without knowledge. سُبْحَـنَ اللَّهِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ ( Glorified be Allah! (He is free ) from what they attribute unto Him!) means, exalted, sanctified and glorified be He far above having any offspring and far above what the wrongdoers and heretics attribute to Him. إِلاَّ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ الْمُخْلَصِينَ ( Except the servants of Allah, whom He chooses. ) The pronoun in the verb translated as "they attribute" refers to all of mankind, then He excludes those whom He chooses, who are the ones who follow the truth revealed to every Prophet who was sent. فَإِنَّكُمْ وَمَا تَعْبُدُونَ - مَآ أَنتُمْ عَلَيْهِ بِفَـتِنِينَ - إِلاَّ مَنْ هُوَ صَالِ الْجَحِيمِ - وَمَا مِنَّآ إِلاَّ لَهُ مَقَامٌ مَّعْلُومٌ - وَإِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الصَّآفُّونَ - وَإِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الْمُسَبِّحُونَ - وَإِن كَانُواْ لَيَقُولُونَ - لَوْ أَنَّ عِندَنَا ذِكْراً مِّنَ الاٌّوَّلِينَ

(37:149) So ask their opinion: *86 '(Are you convinced) that your Lord should have daughters and you should have sons? *87

So inquire of them, [O Muhammad], "Does meaning

*86) Another theme starts from here.
In the preceding theme that started from v.
11, the Quraish had been put this question: " Ask them: what is more difficult: their own creation or of those things that We have created? " Now, they are being asked this second question.
The object of the first question was to warn the disbelievers of their deviation because of which they regarded life-after-death and the meting out of rewards and punishments as impossible, and therefore, mocked the Holy Prophet for it.
Now they are being asked this second question to warn them of their ignorance due to which they attributed children to Allah and would join anybody with Allah in any relationship they liked on mere conjecture.

>*87) Traditions show that in Arabia the tribes of Quraish, Juhainah, Bani Salimah, Khuza'ah, Bani Mulaih, etc., held the belief that the angels were Allah's daughters.
This belief of their ignorance has been referred to at several places in the Qur'an, e.g.
in An-Nisa': 117, An-Nahl: 57-58, Bani Isra'il: 40, Az-Zukhruf: 16; 19, An-Najm: 21-27.

 

Refutation of Those Who attribute Children to Allah and say that the Angels are His Daughters Allah denounces those idolators who attribute daughters to Allah -- exalted be He above that -- and attributed to themselves what they desired, i.e., they wanted male offspring to themselves. وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُمْ بِالاٍّنْثَى ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُ مُسْوَدًّا وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ ( And when the news of (the birth of ) a female ( child ) is brought to any of them, his face becomes dark, and he is filled with inward grief!) ( 16:58 ), i.e., that upsets him, and he would only choose sons for himself.
Allah says: `Then how can they attribute to Allah the share that they would not choose for themselves' Allah says: فَاسْتَفْتِهِمْ ( Now ask them ) means, quiz them by way of denunciation, أَلِرَبِّكَ الْبَنَاتُ وَلَهُمُ الْبَنُونَ ( Are there (only ) daughters for your Lord and sons for them) This is like the Ayah: أَلَكُمُ الذَّكَرُ وَلَهُ الاٍّنثَى - تِلْكَ إِذاً قِسْمَةٌ ضِيزَى ( Is it for you the males and for Him the females That indeed is a division most unfair! ) ( 53:21-22 ). أَمْ خَلَقْنَا الْمَلَـئِكَةَ إِنَـثاً وَهُمْ شَـهِدُونَ ( Or did We create the angels female while they were witnesses ) means, how did they decide that the angels are female when they did not witness their creation This is like the Ayah: وَجَعَلُواْ الْمَلَـئِكَةَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ عِبَادُ الرَّحْمَـنِ إِنَـثاً أَشَهِدُواْ خَلْقَهُمْ سَتُكْتَبُ شَهَـدَتُهُمْ وَيُسْـَلُونَ ( And they make the angels females who themselves are servants of the Most Gracious.
Did they witness their creation Their testimony will be recorded, and they will be questioned! ) ( 43:19 ), which means, they will be questioned about that on the Day of Resurrection. أَلاَ إِنَّهُم مِّنْ إِفْكِهِمْ ( Verily, it is of their falsehood ) means, it is a part of the lies they tell. لَيَقُولُونَوَلَدَ اللَّهُ ( that they say: "Allah has begotten." ) meaning, that offspring have been born to Him. وَإِنَّهُمْ لَكَـذِبُونَ ( And verily, they are liars! ) Allah mentions three of the things they said about the angels, which formed the utmost disbelief and falsehood.
They said that they were the daughters of Allah and that Allah had offspring -- exalted and sanctified be He above that.
Then they made these offspring female, then they worshipped them instead of Allah, exalted and sanctified be He -- any of which on its own would be sufficient to condemn them to spend eternity in Hell.
Then Allah says, denouncing them: أَصْطَفَى الْبَنَاتِ عَلَى الْبَنِينَ ( Has He (then ) chosen daughters rather than sons) meaning, what would make Him choose daughters rather than sons This is like the Ayah, أَفَأَصْفَـكُمْ رَبُّكُم بِالْبَنِينَ وَاتَّخَذَ مِنَ الْمَلَـئِكَةِ إِنَاثًا إِنَّكُمْ لَتَقُولُونَ قَوْلاً عَظِيمًا ( Has then your Lord preferred for you sons, and taken for Himself from among the angels daughters Verily, you indeed utter an awful saying. ) ( 17:40 ) Allah says: مَا لَكُمْ كَيْفَ تَحْكُمُونَ ( What is the matter with you How do you decide ) meaning, `what kind of reasoning makes you say that' أَفَلاَ تَذَكَّرُونَ - أَمْ لَكُمْ سُلْطَـنٌ مُّبِينٌ ( Will you not then remember Or is there for you a plain authority ) means, `evidence to prove what you say.' فَأْتُواْ بِكِتَـبِكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ صَـدِقِينَ ( Then bring your Book if you are truthful! ) means, `produce evidence for that derived from a Book revealed from heaven by Allah, to prove that He has taken what you say ( i.e., offspring ).
What you say is totally irrational.' وَجَعَلُواْ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْجِنَّةِ نَسَباً ( And they have invented a kinship between Him and the Jinn, ) Mujahid said, "The idolators said that the angels were the daughters of Allah.
Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, said, `Then who are their mothers' They said, `The daughters of the leaders of the Jinn."' Qatadah and Ibn Zayd also said this.
Allah -- may He be blessed and exalted -- says: وَلَقَدْ عَلِمَتِ الجِنَّةُ ( but the jinn know ) meaning, those to whom this is attributed إِنَّهُمْ لَمُحْضَرُونَ ( know well that they have indeed to appear (before Him ).) means, that those who say that will be brought forth for punishment on the Day of Reckoning, because of the lies and falsehood that they uttered without knowledge. سُبْحَـنَ اللَّهِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ ( Glorified be Allah! (He is free ) from what they attribute unto Him!) means, exalted, sanctified and glorified be He far above having any offspring and far above what the wrongdoers and heretics attribute to Him. إِلاَّ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ الْمُخْلَصِينَ ( Except the servants of Allah, whom He chooses. ) The pronoun in the verb translated as "they attribute" refers to all of mankind, then He excludes those whom He chooses, who are the ones who follow the truth revealed to every Prophet who was sent. فَإِنَّكُمْ وَمَا تَعْبُدُونَ - مَآ أَنتُمْ عَلَيْهِ بِفَـتِنِينَ - إِلاَّ مَنْ هُوَ صَالِ الْجَحِيمِ - وَمَا مِنَّآ إِلاَّ لَهُ مَقَامٌ مَّعْلُومٌ - وَإِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الصَّآفُّونَ - وَإِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الْمُسَبِّحُونَ - وَإِن كَانُواْ لَيَقُولُونَ - لَوْ أَنَّ عِندَنَا ذِكْراً مِّنَ الاٌّوَّلِينَ

( Now ask them (O Muhammad )) ask the people of Mecca, and specifically the Banu Malih: ( Hath thy Lord daughters ) females ( whereas they have sons ) males? They said: " yes! " And the Prophet ( pbuh ) said to them: " do you wish for Allah what you do not wish for yourselves? "

Now ask them (O Muhammad SAW): "Are there (only) daughters for your Lord and sons for them?"

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