Surah Mujadilah ayat 13 Tafsir Quran 58:13

﴿أَأَشْفَقْتُمْ أَن تُقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْوَاكُمْ صَدَقَاتٍ ۚ فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ ۚ وَاللَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ﴾
[ المجادلة: 13]

58:13 Have you feared to present before your consultation charities? Then when you do not and Allah has forgiven you, then [at least] establish prayer and give zakah and obey Allah and His Messenger. And Allah is Acquainted with what you do.

Do you fear read a-ashfaqtum either pronouncing both hamzas fully or by replacing the second one with an alif or not pronouncing it but inserting an alif between the one not unpronounced and the other one or without this insertion poverty when you fear to offer voluntary alms before your secret talks. So as you did not do this giving of voluntary alms and God relented to you waiving this requirement for you maintain prayer and pay the alms and obey God and His Messenger that is to say observe these duties regularly. For God is Aware of what you do.

How is it that back you recoiled, afraid of the acts of charity incumbent: on you before you took counsel with the Messenger! So you stopped taking private counsel, and Allah relented and quit you all His debt. But then, you must observe your prayers and give the alms and obey Allah and His Messenger; Allah is well acquainted with all that you do

The Order to give Charity before One speaks to the Prophet in private Allah commanded His believing servants, when any of them wanted to speak with Allah's Messenger ﷺ in secret, to give away charity beforehand so that his charity cleanses and purifies him and makes him worthy of having a private counsel with the Prophet .
This is why Allah the Exalted said, ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ وَأَطْهَرُ ( That will be better and purer for you. ) then He said, فَإِن لَّمْ تَجِدُواْ ( But if you find not. ) meaning, if he is unable to do so due to poverty, فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( then verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. ) He only commanded those who are financially able to give this type of charity.
Allah the Exalted said, أَءَشْفَقْتُمْ أَن تُقَدِّمُواْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ نَجْوَكُمْ صَدَقَـتٍ ( Are you afraid of spending in charity before your private consultation ) meaning, are you afraid that the order to give charity before speaking privately to the Prophet remains in effect forever فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُواْ وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُواْ الصَّلوةَ وَءَاتُواْ الزَّكَوةَ وَأَطِيعُواْ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَاللَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ ( If then you do it not, and Allah has forgiven you, then perform Salah and give Zakah and obey Allah and His Messenger.
And Allah is All-Aware of what you do. ) Therefore, Allah abrogated the obligation of giving this charity.
It was said that none has implemented this command before except its abrogation, `Ali bin Abi Talib.
`Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas: فَقَدِّمُواْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ نَجْوَكُمْ صَدَقَةً ( spend something in charity before your private consultation. ) "The Muslims kept asking Allah's Messenger ﷺ questions until it became difficult on him.
Allah wanted to lighten the burden from His Prophet , upon him be peace.
So when He said this, many Muslims were afraid to pay this charity and stopped asking.
Afterwards, Allah sent down this Ayah, أَءَشْفَقْتُمْ أَن تُقَدِّمُواْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ نَجْوَكُمْ صَدَقَـتٍ فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُواْ وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُواْ الصَّلوةَ وَءَاتُواْ الزَّكَوةَ ( Are you afraid of spending in charity before your private consultation If then you do it not, and Allah has forgiven you, then perform Salah and give Zakah ) Thus Allah made things easy and lenient for them." `Ikrimah and Al-Hasan Al-Basri commented on Allah's statement: فَقَدِّمُواْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ نَجْوَكُمْ صَدَقَةً ( spend something in charity before your private consultation. ) "This was abrogated by the next Ayah: أَءَشْفَقْتُمْ أَن تُقَدِّمُواْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ نَجْوَكُمْ صَدَقَـتٍ ( Are you afraid of spending in charity before your private consultation... )." Sa`id bin Abi `Arubah reported from Qatadah and Muqatil bin Hayyan, "People kept questioning Allah's Messenger ﷺ until they made things difficult for him.
Allah provided a way to stop their behavior by this Ayah.
One of them would need to speak to Allah's Prophet about a real matter, but could not do so until he gave in charity.
This became hard on people and Allah sent down relief from this requirement afterwards, فَإِن لَّمْ تَجِدُواْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( But if you find not, then verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful )." Ma`mar reported from Qatadah that the Ayah, إِذَا نَـجَيْتُمُ الرَّسُولَ فَقَدِّمُواْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ نَجْوَكُمْ صَدَقَةً ( When you (want to ) consult the Messenger in private, spend something in charity before your private consultation.) was abrogated after being in effect for only one hour of a day.
`Abdur-Razzaq recorded that Mujahid said that `Ali said, "No one except me implemented this Ayah, until it was abrogated," and he was reported to have said that it remained in effect for merely an hour.

(58:13) Are you afraid that you will have to offer charity when you hold private conversation with the Prophet? But if you are unable to do so and Allah pardons you, then establish Prayer and pay Zakah, and obey Allah and His Messenger. Allah is well aware of all that you do. *30

Have you feared to present before your meaning

*30) This second Command was sent down some time after the first Command, and it concelled the injunction of giving something in charity.
However, there is a difference of opinion as to how long the injunction remained in force.
Qatadah says it remained in force for less than a day and then was abrogated.
Muqatil bin Hayyan says that it remained in force for ten days; and this is the longest period of its life mentioned in any tradition.

 

The Order to give Charity before One speaks to the Prophet in private Allah commanded His believing servants, when any of them wanted to speak with Allah's Messenger ﷺ in secret, to give away charity beforehand so that his charity cleanses and purifies him and makes him worthy of having a private counsel with the Prophet .
This is why Allah the Exalted said, ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ وَأَطْهَرُ ( That will be better and purer for you. ) then He said, فَإِن لَّمْ تَجِدُواْ ( But if you find not. ) meaning, if he is unable to do so due to poverty, فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( then verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. ) He only commanded those who are financially able to give this type of charity.
Allah the Exalted said, أَءَشْفَقْتُمْ أَن تُقَدِّمُواْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ نَجْوَكُمْ صَدَقَـتٍ ( Are you afraid of spending in charity before your private consultation ) meaning, are you afraid that the order to give charity before speaking privately to the Prophet remains in effect forever فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُواْ وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُواْ الصَّلوةَ وَءَاتُواْ الزَّكَوةَ وَأَطِيعُواْ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَاللَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ ( If then you do it not, and Allah has forgiven you, then perform Salah and give Zakah and obey Allah and His Messenger.
And Allah is All-Aware of what you do. ) Therefore, Allah abrogated the obligation of giving this charity.
It was said that none has implemented this command before except its abrogation, `Ali bin Abi Talib.
`Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas: فَقَدِّمُواْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ نَجْوَكُمْ صَدَقَةً ( spend something in charity before your private consultation. ) "The Muslims kept asking Allah's Messenger ﷺ questions until it became difficult on him.
Allah wanted to lighten the burden from His Prophet , upon him be peace.
So when He said this, many Muslims were afraid to pay this charity and stopped asking.
Afterwards, Allah sent down this Ayah, أَءَشْفَقْتُمْ أَن تُقَدِّمُواْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ نَجْوَكُمْ صَدَقَـتٍ فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُواْ وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُواْ الصَّلوةَ وَءَاتُواْ الزَّكَوةَ ( Are you afraid of spending in charity before your private consultation If then you do it not, and Allah has forgiven you, then perform Salah and give Zakah ) Thus Allah made things easy and lenient for them." `Ikrimah and Al-Hasan Al-Basri commented on Allah's statement: فَقَدِّمُواْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ نَجْوَكُمْ صَدَقَةً ( spend something in charity before your private consultation. ) "This was abrogated by the next Ayah: أَءَشْفَقْتُمْ أَن تُقَدِّمُواْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ نَجْوَكُمْ صَدَقَـتٍ ( Are you afraid of spending in charity before your private consultation... )." Sa`id bin Abi `Arubah reported from Qatadah and Muqatil bin Hayyan, "People kept questioning Allah's Messenger ﷺ until they made things difficult for him.
Allah provided a way to stop their behavior by this Ayah.
One of them would need to speak to Allah's Prophet about a real matter, but could not do so until he gave in charity.
This became hard on people and Allah sent down relief from this requirement afterwards, فَإِن لَّمْ تَجِدُواْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( But if you find not, then verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful )." Ma`mar reported from Qatadah that the Ayah, إِذَا نَـجَيْتُمُ الرَّسُولَ فَقَدِّمُواْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ نَجْوَكُمْ صَدَقَةً ( When you (want to ) consult the Messenger in private, spend something in charity before your private consultation.) was abrogated after being in effect for only one hour of a day.
`Abdur-Razzaq recorded that Mujahid said that `Ali said, "No one except me implemented this Ayah, until it was abrogated," and he was reported to have said that it remained in effect for merely an hour.

When they stopped speaking with the Prophet ( pbuh ) because of the required almsgiving involved, Allah reproached them for doing so, saying: ( Fear ye ) are you miserly, O well off people, ( to offer alms before your conference ) to offer alms to the poor before speaking with the Prophet ( pbuh )? ( Then, when ye do it not ) when you do not give alms ( and Allah hath forgiven you ) the question of giving alms, ( establish worship ) perform the five daily prayers ( and pay the poor-due ) from your wealth ( and obey Allah ) in that which He commands you ( and His messenger ) in that which he commands you. ( And Allah is Aware of what ye do ) whether it is good or evil. But no one gave alms for speaking with the Prophet ( pbuh ) except ’Ali Ibn Abi Talib who gave to alms a golden piece which he sold for ten silver pieces, and then asked the Prophet ( pbuh ) a question of ten words.

Are you afraid of spending in charity before your private consultation (with him)? If then you do it not, and Allah has forgiven you, then (at least) perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat) and give Zakat and obey Allah (i.e. do all what Allah and His Prophet SAW order you to do). And Allah is All-Aware of what you do.

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