Surah Baqarah ayat 196 Tafsir Quran 2:196

﴿وَأَتِمُّوا الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ ۚ فَإِنْ أُحْصِرْتُمْ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْيِ ۖ وَلَا تَحْلِقُوا رُءُوسَكُمْ حَتَّىٰ يَبْلُغَ الْهَدْيُ مَحِلَّهُ ۚ فَمَن كَانَ مِنكُم مَّرِيضًا أَوْ بِهِ أَذًى مِّن رَّأْسِهِ فَفِدْيَةٌ مِّن صِيَامٍ أَوْ صَدَقَةٍ أَوْ نُسُكٍ ۚ فَإِذَا أَمِنتُمْ فَمَن تَمَتَّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْيِ ۚ فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ ۗ تِلْكَ عَشَرَةٌ كَامِلَةٌ ۗ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَن لَّمْ يَكُنْ أَهْلُهُ حَاضِرِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ۚ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ﴾
[ البقرة: 196]

2:196 And complete the Hajj and 'umrah for Allah. But if you are prevented, then [offer] what can be obtained with ease of sacrificial animals. And do not shave your heads until the sacrificial animal has reached its place of slaughter. And whoever among you is ill or has an ailment of the head [making shaving necessary must offer] a ransom of fasting [three days] or charity or sacrifice. And when you are secure, then whoever performs 'umrah [during the Hajj months] followed by Hajj [offers] what can be obtained with ease of sacrificial animals. And whoever cannot find [or afford such an animal] - then a fast of three days during Hajj and of seven when you have returned [home]. Those are ten complete [days]. This is for those whose family is not in the area of al-Masjid al-Haram. And fear Allah and know that Allah is severe in penalty.

Fulfil the Pilgrimage and the Visitation to God by completing them according to their due; but if you are prevented from fulfilling them by an enemy then give such offering as may be feasible for you — a sheep — and do not shave your heads that is do not release yourselves from the state of pilgrimage inviolability until the offering mentioned reaches its place its place of sacrifice that is within the enclosure according to al-Shāfi‘ī; the sacrifice is then made with the intention of releasing oneself from the state of pilgrimage inviolability and is divided among the needy after which the head is shaved and the release is effected. If any of you is sick or has an ailment of the head such as lice or severe pains and has thus shaved his head while in a state of pilgrimage inviolability then incumbent upon him is a redemption by fast for three days or a voluntary almsgiving consisting of three cubic measures of the principal food of the town for six needy persons or a ritual sacrifice that is the slaughter of a sheep aw ‘or’ denotes freedom of choice. To this last has been added the case of the one who shaves his head without excuse because the requirement of redemption is most obvious in his case; but also it is required in the case of one that enjoys without shaving such things as scents attire or oils be it with an excuse or without. When you are secure knowing that the enemy has gone or is not present then whoever enjoys the Visitation having completed it and observed its ritual prohibitions until the Pilgrimage until he enters its ritual inviolability in the relevant months; let his offering be such as is feasible for him such as a sheep that he sacrifices after entering into the state of pilgrimage inviolability ideally on the Day of Sacrifice; or if he finds none because there are none available or because he does not have sufficient funds then incumbent upon him is a fast of three days in the Pilgrimage that is to say in a state of pilgrimage inviolability. In such a case he should enter into the state of pilgrimage inviolability before the seventh of Dhū’l-Hijja but ideally before the sixth because one is discouraged from fasting on the Day of ‘Arafa.

And complete the rites of the pilgrimage and of the Umra ( minor pilgrimage) if you had started them unless your course has been obstructed by your enemies or you have fallen sick . Under the circumstances, you shall present whatever offering you can get with ease as a complement of your journey of devotion to Allah. And do not shave your heads or shorten your hair before the offering has reached its destination (the Sacred Mosque) and has been sacrificed and distributed among the poor. But in the web of these circumstances, the sacrifice is made where you are. And he who is sick or suffers an ailment of his scalp is absolved to change the order of succession; he may shave his head or shorten his hair before, providing he makes reparation for it; he may fast for three days (in the usual manner from the break of dawn till sunset) or feed six indigent persons or sacrifice an offering and distribute it among the poor. But under peaceful conditions, he who makes the minor pilgrimage (Umra) and wishes with contentment to remain in the holy precincts onward till pilgrimage, shall be obliged to present an offering such as he can afford. But if he cannot find the suitable object to offer or he does not have the means, then he shall fast three days while in Maccah and seven days on returning home, summing ten days in all. This is a duty incumbent only on him whose family does not reside within the environs of the kaba (Sacred Mosque). And regard Allah with veneration and entertain the profound reverence dutiful to Him and do realize that Allah punishes severely

The Command to complete Hajj and `Umrah After Allah mentioned the rulings for fasting and Jihad, he explained the rituals by commanding the Muslims to complete Hajj and `Umrah, meaning, to finish the rituals of Hajj and `Umrah after one starts them.
This is why Allah said afterwards: فَإِنْ أُحْصِرْتُمْ ( But if you are prevented ) meaning, if your way to the House is obstructed, and you are prevented from finishing it.
This is why the scholars agree that starting the acts of Hajj and `Umrah requires one to finish them.
As for Makhul, he said, "Complete, means to start them from the Miqat ( areas the Prophet designated to assume Ihram from )." `Abdur-Razzaq said that Az-Zuhri said: "We were told that `Umar commented on: وَأَتِمُّواْ الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ ( And complete Hajj and `Umrah for Allah. ) "Complete Hajj and `Umrah means performing each of them separately, and to perform `Umrah outside of the months of Hajj, for Allah the Exalted says: الْحَجُّ أَشْهُرٌ مَّعْلُومَـتٌ ( The Hajj (pilgrimage ) is ( in ) the well-known ( lunar year ) months.
)" As-Suddi said, وَأَتِمُّواْ الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ ( And complete Hajj and `Umrah for Allah. ) means, "Maintain the performance of Hajj and `Umrah." Ibn `Abbas was reported to have said, "Hajj is `Arafat, while `Umrah is Tawaf." Al-A`mash related that Ibrahim said that `Alqamah commented on Allah's statement: وَأَتِمُّواْ الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ ( And complete Hajj and `Umrah for Allah. ) "Abdullah ( Ibn Mas`ud ) recited it this way: `Complete Hajj and `Umrah to the House, so that one does not exceed the area of the House during the `Umrah'." Ibrahim then said, "I mentioned this statement to Sa`id bin Jubayr and he said; `Ibn `Abbas also said that."' Sufyan reported that Ibrahim said that `Alqamah said ( regarding the Ayah 2:196 ), "Perform the Hajj and `Umrah to the House." Ath-Thawri reported that Ibrahim read ( the Ayah ), "Perform the Hajj and `Umrah to the House." If One is prevented while in Route, He slaughters the Sacrifice, shaves his Head and ends Ihram Allah's statement: فَإِنْ أُحْصِرْتُمْ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( But if you are prevented, sacrifice a Hady (animals for sacriface ) such as you can afford,) was revealed in the sixth year of Hijrah, the year of the treaty of Al-Hudaybiyyah when the polytheists prevented Allah's Messenger ﷺ from reaching the House.
Allah revealed Surat Al-Fath ( chapter 48 in the Qur'an ) then, and allowed the Muslims to slaughter any Hady ( animals for sacrifice ) they had.
They had seventy camels with them for that purpose.
They were also permitted to shave their heads and end their Ihram.
When the Prophet commanded them to shave their heads and end the state of Ihram, they did not obey him, as they were awaiting that order to be abrogated.
When they saw that the Prophet went out after shaving his head, they imitated him.
Some of them did not shave, but only shortened their hair.
This is why the Prophet said:
«رَحِمَ اللهُ الْمُحَلِّقِين»
( May Allah award His mercy to those who shaved. ) They said, "What about those who shortened the hair" He said in the third time, "And to those who shortened." Every seven among them shared one camel for their sacrifice.
They were one thousand and four hundred Companions and were camping in the area of Al-Hudaybiyyah, outside the Sacred Area.
It was also reported that they were within the boundaries of the Sacred Area.
Allah knows best. Being prevented from the House ( Hasr ) includes more than just being sick, fearing an enemy or getting lost on the way to Makkah.
Imam Ahmad reported that Al-Hajjaj bin `Amr Al-Ansari said that he heard Allah's Messenger ﷺ saying:
«مَنْ كُسِرَ أَوْ عَرِجَ فَقَدْ حَلَّ وَعَلَيْهِ حَجَّةٌ أُخْرَى»
( Whoever suffered a broken bone or a limb, will have ended his Ihram and has to perform Hajj again. ) He said, "I mentioned that to Ibn `Abbas and Abu Hurayrah and they both said, `He ( Al-Hajjaj ) has said the truth'." This Hadith is also reported in the Four Collections.
In the version of Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah, the Prophet said, "Whoever limped, had a broken bone or became ill..." Ibn Abu Hatim also recorded it and said, "It was reported that Ibn Mas`ud, Ibn Az-Zubayr, `Alqamah, Sa`id bin Musayyib, `Urwah bin Az-Zubayr, Mujahid, An-Nakha`i, `Ata' and Muqatil bin Hayyan said that being prevented ( Hasr ) entails an enemy, an illness or a fracture." Ath-Thawri also said, "Being prevented entails everything that harms the person." It is reported in the Two Sahihs that `A'ishah said that Allah's Messenger ﷺ went to Duba`ah bint Az-Zubayr bin `Abdul-Muttalib who said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I intend to perform Hajj but I am ill." He said, "Perform Hajj and make the condition: `My place is where You prevent ( or halt ) me." Muslim recorded similarly from Ibn `Abbas.
So saying such a condition for Hajj is allowed is based on this Hadith. Allah's statement: فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( ...sacrifice a Hady such as you can afford ) includes a sheep also, as Imam Malik reported that `Ali bin Abu Talib used to say.
Ibn `Abbas said, "The Hady includes eight types of animals: camels, cows, goats and sheep." `Abdur-Razzaq reported that Ibn `Abbas said about what Allah said: فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( ...sacrifice a Hady such as you can afford ) "As much as one could afford." Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas said, "If one can afford it, then camels, otherwise cows, or sheep." Hisham bin `Urwah quoted his father: فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( ...sacrifice a Hady (animal, i.e., a sheep, a cow, or a camel ) such as you can afford) `Depending on the price.' The proof that sacrificing only a sheep is allowed in the case of being prevented from continuing the rites, is that Allah has required sacrificing whatever is available as a Hady, and the Hady is any type of cattle; be it camels, cows or sheep.
This is the opinion of Ibn `Abbas the cousin of Allah's Messenger ﷺ and the scholar of Tafsir.
It is reported in the Two Sahihs that `A'ishah, the Mother of the believers, said, "The Prophet once offered some sheep as Hady." Allah's statement: وَلاَ تَحْلِقُواْ رُءُوسَكُمْ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْهَدْىُ مَحِلَّهُ ( ...and do not shave your heads until the Hady reaches the place of sacrifice. ) is a continuation of His statement: وَأَتِمُّواْ الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ ( And complete, the Hajj and `Umrah for Allah. ) and is not dependent upon: فَإِنْ أُحْصِرْتُمْ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( But if you are prevented, then sacrifice a Hady ) as Ibn Jarir has erroneously claimed.
When the Prophet and his Companions were prevented from entering the Sacred House during the Al-Hudaybiyyah year by the polytheists from Quraysh, they shaved their heads and sacrificed their Hady outside the Haram ( Sacred ) area.
In normal circumstances, and when one can safely reach the House, he is not allowed to shave his head until: حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْهَدْىُ مَحِلَّهُ ( ..
.and do not shave your heads until the Hady reaches the place of sacrifice. ) and then he ends the rituals of Hajj or `Umrah, or both if he had assumed Ihram for both.
It is recorded in the Two Sahihs that Hafsah said, "O Allah's Messenger ﷺ! What is wrong with the people, they have finished their Ihram for `Umrah but you have not" The Prophet said,
«إنِّي لَبَّدْتُ رَأْسِي وَقَلَّدْتُ هَدْيِي، فَلَا أَحِلُّ حَتَّى أَنْحَر»
( I matted my hair and I have garlanded my Hady (animals for sacrifice ), so I will not finish my Ihram till I offer the sacrifice.) Whoever shaved his Head during Ihram, will have to pay the Fidyah Allah said: فَمَن كَانَ مِنكُم مَّرِيضًا أَوْ بِهِ أَذًى مِّن رَّأْسِهِ فَفِدْيَةٌ مِّن صِيَامٍ أَوْ صَدَقَةٍ أَوْ نُسُكٍ ( And whosoever of you is ill or has an ailment on his scalp (necessitating shaving ), he must pay a Fidyah.) Al-Bukhari reported that `Abdur-Rahman bin Asbahani said that he heard `Abdullah bin Ma`qil saying that he sat with Ka`b bin `Ujrah in the mosque of Kufah ( in Iraq ).
He then asked him about the Fidyah of the fasting.
Ka`b said, "This was revealed concerning my case especially, but it is also for you in general.
I was carried to Allah's Messenger ﷺ and the lice were falling in great numbers on my face.
The Prophet said:
«مَا كُنْتُ أُرَى أَنَّ الْجَهْدَ بلَغَ بكَ هذَا، أمَا تَجِدُ شَاة»
؟ قُلْتُ: لَا ( I never thought that your ailment (or struggle ) had reached to such an extent as I see.
Can you afford a sheep ( for sacrifice )' I replied in the negative.) He then said:
«صُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَوْ أَطْعِمْ سِتَّةَ مَسَاكِينَ، لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ نِصْفُ صَاعٍ مِنْ طَعَامٍ، وَاحْلِقْ رَأْسَك»
( Fast for three days or feed six poor persons, each with half a Sa` of food (1 Sa` = 3 kilograms approx. ) and shave your head.) So this is a general judgement derived from a specific case. Imam Ahmad recorded that Ka`b bin `Ujrah said, "Allah's Messenger ﷺ came by while I was igniting the fire under a pot and while the lice were falling down my head or my eyelids.
He said:
«يُؤْذِيكَ هَوَامُّ رَأْسِك»
؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ ( Do these lice in your head bother you ) I said, `Yes.' He said:
«فَاحْلِقْهُ، وَصُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، أَوْ أَطْعِمْ سِتَّةَ مَسَاكِينَ، أَوِ انْسُكْ نَسِيكَة»
( Shave it, then fast three days, or feed six poor people, or sacrifice an animal. ) Ayyub ( one of the narrators of the Hadith ) commented, "I do not know which alternative was stated first." The wording of the Qur'an begins with the easiest then the more difficult options: "Pay a Fidyah of fasting ( three days ), feeding ( six poor persons ) or sacrificing ( an animal )." Meanwhile, the Prophet advised Ka`b with the more rewarding option first, that is, sacrificing a sheep, then feeding six poor persons, then fasting three days.
Each Text is suitable in its place and context, all the thanks and praises are due to Allah. Tamattu` during Hajj Allah said: فَإِذَآ أَمِنتُمْ فَمَن تَمَتَّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( Then if you are in safety and whosoever performs the `Umrah (in the months of Hajj ), before ( performing ) the Hajj, he must slaughter a Hady such as he can afford,) That is, when you are able to complete the rites, so whoever among you connects his `Umrah with Hajj having the same Ihram for both, or, first assuming Ihram for `Umrah, and then assuming Ihram for Hajj when finished the `Umrah, this is the more specific type of Tamattu` which is well-known among the discussion of the scholars whereas in general there are two types of Tamattu`, as the authentic Hadiths prove, since among the narrators are those who said, "Allah's Messenger ﷺ performed Tamattu`, and others who said, "Qarin" but there is no difference between them over the Hady. So Allah said, فَإِذَآ أَمِنتُمْ فَمَن تَمَتَّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( Then if you are in safety and whosoever performs the `Umrah (in the months of Hajj ), before ( performing ) the Hajj ( i.e., Hajj At-Tamattu` and Al-Qiran ), he must slaughter a Hady such as he can afford,) means let him sacrifice whatever Hady is available to him, the least of which is a sheep.
One is also allowed to sacrifice a cow because the Prophet slaughtered cows on behalf of his wives.
Al-Awza`i reported that Abu Hurayrah narrated that Allah's Messenger ﷺ slaughtered cows on behalf of his wives when they were performing Tamattu`.
This was reported by Abu Bakr bin Marduwyah. This last Hadith proves that Tamattu` is legislated.
It is reported in the Two Sahihs that `Imran bin Husayn said, "We performed Hajj At-Tamattu` in the lifetime of Allah's Messenger ﷺ and then the Qur'an was revealed ( regarding Hajj At-Tamattu` ).
Nothing was revealed to forbid it, nor did he ( the Prophet ) forbid it until he died.
And somebody said what he wished ( regarding Hajj At-Tamattu` ) according to his own opinion." Al-Bukhari said that `Imran was talking about `Umar.
It is reported in an authentic narration that `Umar used to discourage the people from performing Tamattu`.
He used to say, "If we refer to Allah's Book, we should complete it," meaning: فَمَن تَمَتَّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( ...whosoever performs the `Umrah (in the months of Hajj ), before ( performing ) the Hajj, he must slaughter a Hady such as he can afford,) However `Umar did not say that Tamattu` is unlawful.
He only prevented them so that the people would increase their trips to the House for Hajj ( during the months of Hajj ) and `Umrah ( throughout the year ), as he himself has stated. Whoever performs Tamattu` should fast Ten Days if He does not have a Hady Allah said: فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَـثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ تِلْكَ عَشَرَةٌ كَامِلَةٌ ( ...but if he cannot (afford it ), he should fast three days during the Hajj and seven days after his return ( to his home ), making ten days in all.) This Ayah means: "Those who do not find a Hady, let them fast three days during the Hajj season." Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas said, "If one does not have a Hady, he should fast three days during Hajj, before `Arafah day.
If the day of `Arafah was the third day, then his fast is complete.
He should also fast seven days when he gets back home." Abu Ishaq reported from Wabarah from Ibn `Umar who said, "One fasts one day before the day of Tarwiyah, the day of Tarwiyah ( eighth day of Dhul-Hijjah ) and then `Arafah day ( the ninth day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah )." The same statement was reported by Ja`far bin Muhammad from his father from `Ali. If one did not fast these three days or at least some of them before `Id day ( the tenth day of Dhul-Hijjah ), he is allowed to fast during the Tashriq days ( 11-12-13th day of Dhul-Hijjah ).
`A'ishah and Ibn `Umar said, "Fasting the days of Tashriq was only allowed for those who did not find the Hady," as Al-Bukhari has reported.
Sufyan related that Ja`far bin Muhammad narrated that his father said that `Ali said, "Whoever did not fast the three days during the Hajj, should fast them during the days of Tashriq." This is also the position taken by `Ubayd bin `Umayr Al-Laythi, `Ikrimah, Al-Hasan Al-Basri and `Urwah bin Az-Zubayr, referring to the general meaning of Allah's statement: فَصِيَامُ ثَلَـثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ ( ...fast three days during the Hajj... ) As for what Muslim reported that Qutaybah Al-Hudhali said that Allah's Messenger ﷺ said:
«أَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ أَيَّامُ أَكْلٍ وَشُرْبٍ، وَذِكْرِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَل»
( The days of Tashriq are days of eating and drinking and remembering Allah the Exalted. ) This narration is general in meaning while what `A'ishah and Ibn `Umar narrated is specific. Allah said: وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ ( ...and seven days after his return. ) There are two opinions regarding the meaning of this Ayah.
First, it means `when you return to the camping areas'.
The second, upon going back home.
`Abdur-Razzaq reported that Salim narrated that he heard Ibn `Umar saying: فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَـثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ "( ...but if he cannot (afford it ), he should fast three days during the Hajj and seven days after his return,) means when he goes back to his family.
" The same opinion was reported from Sa`id bin Jubayr, Abu Al-`Aliyah, Mujahid, `Ata', `Ikrimah, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Imam Az-Zuhri and Ar-Rabi` bin Anas. Al-Bukhari reported that Salim bin `Abdullah narrated that Ibn `Umar said, "During the Farewell Hajj of Allah's Messenger ﷺ, he performed Tamattu` with `Umrah and Hajj.
He drove a Hady along with him from Dhul-Hulayfah.
Allah's Messenger ﷺ started by assuming Ihram for `Umrah, and then for Hajj.
And the people, too, performed the `Umrah and Hajj along with the Prophet .
Some of them brought the Hady and drove it along with them, while the others did not.
So, when the Prophet arrived at Makkah, he said to the people:
«مَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُم أَهْدَى فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ مِنْ شَيْءٍ حَرُمَ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ حَجَّهُ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ أَهْدَى فَلْيَطُفْ بالْبَيْتِ وبالصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ وَلْيُقَصِّرْ وَلْيَحْلِلْ، ثُمَّ لْيُهِلَّ بِالْحَجِّ، فَمَنْ لَمْ يجَدْ هَدْيًا فَلْيَصُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ، وَسَبْعةً إِذَا رَجَعَ إِلى أَهْلِه»
( Whoever among you has driven the Hady, should not finish his Ihram till he completes his Hajj.
And whoever among you has not (driven ) the Hady with him, he should perform Tawaf of the Ka`bah and between As-Safa and Al-Marwah.
Then, he should shave or cut his hair short and finish his Ihram, and should later assume Ihram for Hajj; but he must offer a Hady ( sacrifice ).
And if anyone cannot afford a Hady, he should fast for three days during the Hajj and seven days when he returns home.) He then mentioned the rest of the Hadith, which is reported in the Two Sahihs. Allah said: تِلْكَ عَشَرَةٌ كَامِلَةٌ ( ...making ten days in all. ) to emphasize the ruling we mentioned above.
This method is common in the Arabic language, for they would say, `I have seen with my eyes, heard with my ears and written with my hand,' to emphasize such facts.
Similarly, Allah said: وَلاَ طَائِرٍ يَطِيرُ بِجَنَاحَيْهِ ( ...nor a bird that flies with its two wings ) ( 6:38 ) and: وَلاَ تَخُطُّهُ بِيَمِينِكَ ( ...nor did you write any book (whatsoever ) with your right hand) ( 29:48 ) and: وَوَعَدْنَا مُوسَى ثَلَـثِينَ لَيْلَةً وَأَتْمَمْنَاهَا بِعَشْرٍ فَتَمَّ مِيقَـتُ رَبِّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً ( And We appointed for Musa thirty nights and added (to the period ) ten ( more ), and he completed the term, appointed by his Lord, of forty nights.) ( 7:142 ) It was also said that the meaning of "ten days in all" emphasizes the order to fast for ten days, not less than that. The Residents of Makkah do not perform Tamattu Allah said: ذَلِكَ لِمَن لَّمْ يَكُنْ أَهْلُهُ حَاضِرِى الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ( This is for him whose family is not present at Al-Masjid Al-Haram (i.e., non-resident of Makkah ).) This Ayah concerns the residents of the area of the Haram, for they do not perform Tamattu`.
`Abdur-Razzaq reported that Tawus said, "Tamattu` is for the people, those whose families are not residing in the Haram area ( Makkah ), not for the residents of Makkah.
Hence Allah's Statement: ذَلِكَ لِمَن لَّمْ يَكُنْ أَهْلُهُ حَاضِرِى الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ( This is for him whose family is not present at Al-Masjid Al-Haram (i.e., non-resident of Makkah ).) `Abdur-Razzaq then said, "I was also told that Ibn `Abbas said similar to Tawus." Allah said: وَاتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ ( ...and fear Allah ) meaning, in what He has commanded you and what He prohibited for you.
He then said: وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ ( ...and know that Allah is severe in punishment ) for those who defy His command and commit what He has prohibited.

(2:196) When you make up your mind to perform Hajj and `Umrah,accomplish these to please Allah. But if you are hemmed in somewhere, then offer to Allah whatever sacrifice you can afford. *209 And do not shave your heads until the sacrifice reaches its place. *210 But whoever among you is sick or has an ailment of the head and has his head shaved shall atone for this either by fasting or by alms-giving or by offering a sacrifice *211 However, when you are secure *212 (and you reach Makkah before the Hajj season begins), whoever takes advantage of this opportunity to perform `Umrah shall offer the sacrifice that he can afford. But if he cannot afford a sacrifice, he shall fast three days during the Hajj season and seven days after reaching home, that is, ten days in all. This concession is only for those whose homes are not near the Masjid Haram, *213 refrain from transgressing these Commandments of Allah and know it well that Allah is very severe in punishment.

And complete the Hajj and 'umrah for meaning

*209).
If any obstruction prevents a person from proceeding with the Pilgrimage and he is forced to stay behind, he should make a sacrificial offering to God of whatever is available - for example, either a camel, a cow, a goat or a sheep
*210).
The statement: 'until the offering reaches its appointed place' has been variously interpreted by the jurists.
The Hanafi jurists consider this to signify the area which lies within the boundaries of the Haram.
In their view this injunction means that if a man has been prevented from Pilgrimage he ought to send to the Haram either the animal itself or the money to purchase it, and have a sacrificial offering made on his behalf.
According to Malik and al-Shafi'i this verse enjoins one to perform a sacrifice at the very spot where one is prevented from going any further.
( See also Qurtubi's commentary on the verse - Ed. )
* The injunction regarding 'shaving the head' means that one may not have one's hair cut until a sacrificial offering has been made.

*211).
According to the Hadith, in such a situation the Prophet ( peace be on him ) ordered three days of fasting, or the feeding of six poor people, or the slaughter of one sheep or goat.
( See Bukhari, 'Maghazi', 35; Muslim, 'Hajj', 83 - Ed. )
*212).
This refers to the change in the situation whe the obstacle to proceeding with the Pilgrimage has been removed.
Since, in those days, the circumstances which most commonly prevented people from proceeding with their Pilgrimage was the danger of armed attack from tribes hostile to Islam, the removal of that circumstance is described by the words: 'when you are secure'.
'To become secure' refers not only to the removal of the danger of armed attack but to the removal of all such dangers.

*213).
In pre-Islamic Arabia it was considered a serious sin to perform Hajj and 'Umrah in one and the same journey.
According to the self-made law of the pre-Islamic Arabs, each of these Pilgrimages required a separate journey.
God declared this law void for those coming from abroad and who were granted the privilege of performing both types of pilgrimage in the same journey.
This privilege, however, was not extended to those living in the environs of Makka, within the miqat,* since it is not difficult for them to proceed separately for the major and minor Pilgrimages.

'Then you who take advantage of 'Umrah before the time of Hajj' means that a person may perform 'Umrah ( minor Pilgrimage ) and then may interrupt the state of consecration ( ihram ) and free himself of the prohibitions and limitations incumbent upon him in that state.
Later, when the time for the Hajj ( major Pilgrimage ) arrives, he should once again assume the state of consecration ( ihram ).

 

The Command to complete Hajj and `Umrah After Allah mentioned the rulings for fasting and Jihad, he explained the rituals by commanding the Muslims to complete Hajj and `Umrah, meaning, to finish the rituals of Hajj and `Umrah after one starts them.
This is why Allah said afterwards: فَإِنْ أُحْصِرْتُمْ ( But if you are prevented ) meaning, if your way to the House is obstructed, and you are prevented from finishing it.
This is why the scholars agree that starting the acts of Hajj and `Umrah requires one to finish them.
As for Makhul, he said, "Complete, means to start them from the Miqat ( areas the Prophet designated to assume Ihram from )." `Abdur-Razzaq said that Az-Zuhri said: "We were told that `Umar commented on: وَأَتِمُّواْ الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ ( And complete Hajj and `Umrah for Allah. ) "Complete Hajj and `Umrah means performing each of them separately, and to perform `Umrah outside of the months of Hajj, for Allah the Exalted says: الْحَجُّ أَشْهُرٌ مَّعْلُومَـتٌ ( The Hajj (pilgrimage ) is ( in ) the well-known ( lunar year ) months.
)" As-Suddi said, وَأَتِمُّواْ الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ ( And complete Hajj and `Umrah for Allah. ) means, "Maintain the performance of Hajj and `Umrah." Ibn `Abbas was reported to have said, "Hajj is `Arafat, while `Umrah is Tawaf." Al-A`mash related that Ibrahim said that `Alqamah commented on Allah's statement: وَأَتِمُّواْ الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ ( And complete Hajj and `Umrah for Allah. ) "Abdullah ( Ibn Mas`ud ) recited it this way: `Complete Hajj and `Umrah to the House, so that one does not exceed the area of the House during the `Umrah'." Ibrahim then said, "I mentioned this statement to Sa`id bin Jubayr and he said; `Ibn `Abbas also said that."' Sufyan reported that Ibrahim said that `Alqamah said ( regarding the Ayah 2:196 ), "Perform the Hajj and `Umrah to the House." Ath-Thawri reported that Ibrahim read ( the Ayah ), "Perform the Hajj and `Umrah to the House." If One is prevented while in Route, He slaughters the Sacrifice, shaves his Head and ends Ihram Allah's statement: فَإِنْ أُحْصِرْتُمْ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( But if you are prevented, sacrifice a Hady (animals for sacriface ) such as you can afford,) was revealed in the sixth year of Hijrah, the year of the treaty of Al-Hudaybiyyah when the polytheists prevented Allah's Messenger ﷺ from reaching the House.
Allah revealed Surat Al-Fath ( chapter 48 in the Qur'an ) then, and allowed the Muslims to slaughter any Hady ( animals for sacrifice ) they had.
They had seventy camels with them for that purpose.
They were also permitted to shave their heads and end their Ihram.
When the Prophet commanded them to shave their heads and end the state of Ihram, they did not obey him, as they were awaiting that order to be abrogated.
When they saw that the Prophet went out after shaving his head, they imitated him.
Some of them did not shave, but only shortened their hair.
This is why the Prophet said: «رَحِمَ اللهُ الْمُحَلِّقِين» ( May Allah award His mercy to those who shaved. ) They said, "What about those who shortened the hair" He said in the third time, "And to those who shortened." Every seven among them shared one camel for their sacrifice.
They were one thousand and four hundred Companions and were camping in the area of Al-Hudaybiyyah, outside the Sacred Area.
It was also reported that they were within the boundaries of the Sacred Area.
Allah knows best. Being prevented from the House ( Hasr ) includes more than just being sick, fearing an enemy or getting lost on the way to Makkah.
Imam Ahmad reported that Al-Hajjaj bin `Amr Al-Ansari said that he heard Allah's Messenger ﷺ saying: «مَنْ كُسِرَ أَوْ عَرِجَ فَقَدْ حَلَّ وَعَلَيْهِ حَجَّةٌ أُخْرَى» ( Whoever suffered a broken bone or a limb, will have ended his Ihram and has to perform Hajj again. ) He said, "I mentioned that to Ibn `Abbas and Abu Hurayrah and they both said, `He ( Al-Hajjaj ) has said the truth'." This Hadith is also reported in the Four Collections.
In the version of Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah, the Prophet said, "Whoever limped, had a broken bone or became ill..." Ibn Abu Hatim also recorded it and said, "It was reported that Ibn Mas`ud, Ibn Az-Zubayr, `Alqamah, Sa`id bin Musayyib, `Urwah bin Az-Zubayr, Mujahid, An-Nakha`i, `Ata' and Muqatil bin Hayyan said that being prevented ( Hasr ) entails an enemy, an illness or a fracture." Ath-Thawri also said, "Being prevented entails everything that harms the person." It is reported in the Two Sahihs that `A'ishah said that Allah's Messenger ﷺ went to Duba`ah bint Az-Zubayr bin `Abdul-Muttalib who said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I intend to perform Hajj but I am ill." He said, "Perform Hajj and make the condition: `My place is where You prevent ( or halt ) me." Muslim recorded similarly from Ibn `Abbas.
So saying such a condition for Hajj is allowed is based on this Hadith. Allah's statement: فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( ...sacrifice a Hady such as you can afford ) includes a sheep also, as Imam Malik reported that `Ali bin Abu Talib used to say.
Ibn `Abbas said, "The Hady includes eight types of animals: camels, cows, goats and sheep." `Abdur-Razzaq reported that Ibn `Abbas said about what Allah said: فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( ...sacrifice a Hady such as you can afford ) "As much as one could afford." Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas said, "If one can afford it, then camels, otherwise cows, or sheep." Hisham bin `Urwah quoted his father: فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( ...sacrifice a Hady (animal, i.e., a sheep, a cow, or a camel ) such as you can afford) `Depending on the price.' The proof that sacrificing only a sheep is allowed in the case of being prevented from continuing the rites, is that Allah has required sacrificing whatever is available as a Hady, and the Hady is any type of cattle; be it camels, cows or sheep.
This is the opinion of Ibn `Abbas the cousin of Allah's Messenger ﷺ and the scholar of Tafsir.
It is reported in the Two Sahihs that `A'ishah, the Mother of the believers, said, "The Prophet once offered some sheep as Hady." Allah's statement: وَلاَ تَحْلِقُواْ رُءُوسَكُمْ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْهَدْىُ مَحِلَّهُ ( ...and do not shave your heads until the Hady reaches the place of sacrifice. ) is a continuation of His statement: وَأَتِمُّواْ الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ ( And complete, the Hajj and `Umrah for Allah. ) and is not dependent upon: فَإِنْ أُحْصِرْتُمْ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( But if you are prevented, then sacrifice a Hady ) as Ibn Jarir has erroneously claimed.
When the Prophet and his Companions were prevented from entering the Sacred House during the Al-Hudaybiyyah year by the polytheists from Quraysh, they shaved their heads and sacrificed their Hady outside the Haram ( Sacred ) area.
In normal circumstances, and when one can safely reach the House, he is not allowed to shave his head until: حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْهَدْىُ مَحِلَّهُ ( ..
.and do not shave your heads until the Hady reaches the place of sacrifice. ) and then he ends the rituals of Hajj or `Umrah, or both if he had assumed Ihram for both.
It is recorded in the Two Sahihs that Hafsah said, "O Allah's Messenger ﷺ! What is wrong with the people, they have finished their Ihram for `Umrah but you have not" The Prophet said, «إنِّي لَبَّدْتُ رَأْسِي وَقَلَّدْتُ هَدْيِي، فَلَا أَحِلُّ حَتَّى أَنْحَر» ( I matted my hair and I have garlanded my Hady (animals for sacrifice ), so I will not finish my Ihram till I offer the sacrifice.) Whoever shaved his Head during Ihram, will have to pay the Fidyah Allah said: فَمَن كَانَ مِنكُم مَّرِيضًا أَوْ بِهِ أَذًى مِّن رَّأْسِهِ فَفِدْيَةٌ مِّن صِيَامٍ أَوْ صَدَقَةٍ أَوْ نُسُكٍ ( And whosoever of you is ill or has an ailment on his scalp (necessitating shaving ), he must pay a Fidyah.) Al-Bukhari reported that `Abdur-Rahman bin Asbahani said that he heard `Abdullah bin Ma`qil saying that he sat with Ka`b bin `Ujrah in the mosque of Kufah ( in Iraq ).
He then asked him about the Fidyah of the fasting.
Ka`b said, "This was revealed concerning my case especially, but it is also for you in general.
I was carried to Allah's Messenger ﷺ and the lice were falling in great numbers on my face.
The Prophet said: «مَا كُنْتُ أُرَى أَنَّ الْجَهْدَ بلَغَ بكَ هذَا، أمَا تَجِدُ شَاة» ؟ قُلْتُ: لَا ( I never thought that your ailment (or struggle ) had reached to such an extent as I see.
Can you afford a sheep ( for sacrifice )' I replied in the negative.) He then said: «صُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَوْ أَطْعِمْ سِتَّةَ مَسَاكِينَ، لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ نِصْفُ صَاعٍ مِنْ طَعَامٍ، وَاحْلِقْ رَأْسَك» ( Fast for three days or feed six poor persons, each with half a Sa` of food (1 Sa` = 3 kilograms approx. ) and shave your head.) So this is a general judgement derived from a specific case. Imam Ahmad recorded that Ka`b bin `Ujrah said, "Allah's Messenger ﷺ came by while I was igniting the fire under a pot and while the lice were falling down my head or my eyelids.
He said: «يُؤْذِيكَ هَوَامُّ رَأْسِك» ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ ( Do these lice in your head bother you ) I said, `Yes.' He said: «فَاحْلِقْهُ، وَصُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، أَوْ أَطْعِمْ سِتَّةَ مَسَاكِينَ، أَوِ انْسُكْ نَسِيكَة» ( Shave it, then fast three days, or feed six poor people, or sacrifice an animal. ) Ayyub ( one of the narrators of the Hadith ) commented, "I do not know which alternative was stated first." The wording of the Qur'an begins with the easiest then the more difficult options: "Pay a Fidyah of fasting ( three days ), feeding ( six poor persons ) or sacrificing ( an animal )." Meanwhile, the Prophet advised Ka`b with the more rewarding option first, that is, sacrificing a sheep, then feeding six poor persons, then fasting three days.
Each Text is suitable in its place and context, all the thanks and praises are due to Allah. Tamattu` during Hajj Allah said: فَإِذَآ أَمِنتُمْ فَمَن تَمَتَّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( Then if you are in safety and whosoever performs the `Umrah (in the months of Hajj ), before ( performing ) the Hajj, he must slaughter a Hady such as he can afford,) That is, when you are able to complete the rites, so whoever among you connects his `Umrah with Hajj having the same Ihram for both, or, first assuming Ihram for `Umrah, and then assuming Ihram for Hajj when finished the `Umrah, this is the more specific type of Tamattu` which is well-known among the discussion of the scholars whereas in general there are two types of Tamattu`, as the authentic Hadiths prove, since among the narrators are those who said, "Allah's Messenger ﷺ performed Tamattu`, and others who said, "Qarin" but there is no difference between them over the Hady. So Allah said, فَإِذَآ أَمِنتُمْ فَمَن تَمَتَّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( Then if you are in safety and whosoever performs the `Umrah (in the months of Hajj ), before ( performing ) the Hajj ( i.e., Hajj At-Tamattu` and Al-Qiran ), he must slaughter a Hady such as he can afford,) means let him sacrifice whatever Hady is available to him, the least of which is a sheep.
One is also allowed to sacrifice a cow because the Prophet slaughtered cows on behalf of his wives.
Al-Awza`i reported that Abu Hurayrah narrated that Allah's Messenger ﷺ slaughtered cows on behalf of his wives when they were performing Tamattu`.
This was reported by Abu Bakr bin Marduwyah. This last Hadith proves that Tamattu` is legislated.
It is reported in the Two Sahihs that `Imran bin Husayn said, "We performed Hajj At-Tamattu` in the lifetime of Allah's Messenger ﷺ and then the Qur'an was revealed ( regarding Hajj At-Tamattu` ).
Nothing was revealed to forbid it, nor did he ( the Prophet ) forbid it until he died.
And somebody said what he wished ( regarding Hajj At-Tamattu` ) according to his own opinion." Al-Bukhari said that `Imran was talking about `Umar.
It is reported in an authentic narration that `Umar used to discourage the people from performing Tamattu`.
He used to say, "If we refer to Allah's Book, we should complete it," meaning: فَمَن تَمَتَّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْىِ ( ...whosoever performs the `Umrah (in the months of Hajj ), before ( performing ) the Hajj, he must slaughter a Hady such as he can afford,) However `Umar did not say that Tamattu` is unlawful.
He only prevented them so that the people would increase their trips to the House for Hajj ( during the months of Hajj ) and `Umrah ( throughout the year ), as he himself has stated. Whoever performs Tamattu` should fast Ten Days if He does not have a Hady Allah said: فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَـثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ تِلْكَ عَشَرَةٌ كَامِلَةٌ ( ...but if he cannot (afford it ), he should fast three days during the Hajj and seven days after his return ( to his home ), making ten days in all.) This Ayah means: "Those who do not find a Hady, let them fast three days during the Hajj season." Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas said, "If one does not have a Hady, he should fast three days during Hajj, before `Arafah day.
If the day of `Arafah was the third day, then his fast is complete.
He should also fast seven days when he gets back home." Abu Ishaq reported from Wabarah from Ibn `Umar who said, "One fasts one day before the day of Tarwiyah, the day of Tarwiyah ( eighth day of Dhul-Hijjah ) and then `Arafah day ( the ninth day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah )." The same statement was reported by Ja`far bin Muhammad from his father from `Ali. If one did not fast these three days or at least some of them before `Id day ( the tenth day of Dhul-Hijjah ), he is allowed to fast during the Tashriq days ( 11-12-13th day of Dhul-Hijjah ).
`A'ishah and Ibn `Umar said, "Fasting the days of Tashriq was only allowed for those who did not find the Hady," as Al-Bukhari has reported.
Sufyan related that Ja`far bin Muhammad narrated that his father said that `Ali said, "Whoever did not fast the three days during the Hajj, should fast them during the days of Tashriq." This is also the position taken by `Ubayd bin `Umayr Al-Laythi, `Ikrimah, Al-Hasan Al-Basri and `Urwah bin Az-Zubayr, referring to the general meaning of Allah's statement: فَصِيَامُ ثَلَـثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ ( ...fast three days during the Hajj... ) As for what Muslim reported that Qutaybah Al-Hudhali said that Allah's Messenger ﷺ said: «أَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ أَيَّامُ أَكْلٍ وَشُرْبٍ، وَذِكْرِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَل» ( The days of Tashriq are days of eating and drinking and remembering Allah the Exalted. ) This narration is general in meaning while what `A'ishah and Ibn `Umar narrated is specific. Allah said: وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ ( ...and seven days after his return. ) There are two opinions regarding the meaning of this Ayah.
First, it means `when you return to the camping areas'.
The second, upon going back home.
`Abdur-Razzaq reported that Salim narrated that he heard Ibn `Umar saying: فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَـثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ "( ...but if he cannot (afford it ), he should fast three days during the Hajj and seven days after his return,) means when he goes back to his family.
" The same opinion was reported from Sa`id bin Jubayr, Abu Al-`Aliyah, Mujahid, `Ata', `Ikrimah, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Imam Az-Zuhri and Ar-Rabi` bin Anas. Al-Bukhari reported that Salim bin `Abdullah narrated that Ibn `Umar said, "During the Farewell Hajj of Allah's Messenger ﷺ, he performed Tamattu` with `Umrah and Hajj.
He drove a Hady along with him from Dhul-Hulayfah.
Allah's Messenger ﷺ started by assuming Ihram for `Umrah, and then for Hajj.
And the people, too, performed the `Umrah and Hajj along with the Prophet .
Some of them brought the Hady and drove it along with them, while the others did not.
So, when the Prophet arrived at Makkah, he said to the people: «مَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُم أَهْدَى فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ مِنْ شَيْءٍ حَرُمَ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ حَجَّهُ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ أَهْدَى فَلْيَطُفْ بالْبَيْتِ وبالصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ وَلْيُقَصِّرْ وَلْيَحْلِلْ، ثُمَّ لْيُهِلَّ بِالْحَجِّ، فَمَنْ لَمْ يجَدْ هَدْيًا فَلْيَصُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ، وَسَبْعةً إِذَا رَجَعَ إِلى أَهْلِه» ( Whoever among you has driven the Hady, should not finish his Ihram till he completes his Hajj.
And whoever among you has not (driven ) the Hady with him, he should perform Tawaf of the Ka`bah and between As-Safa and Al-Marwah.
Then, he should shave or cut his hair short and finish his Ihram, and should later assume Ihram for Hajj; but he must offer a Hady ( sacrifice ).
And if anyone cannot afford a Hady, he should fast for three days during the Hajj and seven days when he returns home.) He then mentioned the rest of the Hadith, which is reported in the Two Sahihs. Allah said: تِلْكَ عَشَرَةٌ كَامِلَةٌ ( ...making ten days in all. ) to emphasize the ruling we mentioned above.
This method is common in the Arabic language, for they would say, `I have seen with my eyes, heard with my ears and written with my hand,' to emphasize such facts.
Similarly, Allah said: وَلاَ طَائِرٍ يَطِيرُ بِجَنَاحَيْهِ ( ...nor a bird that flies with its two wings ) ( 6:38 ) and: وَلاَ تَخُطُّهُ بِيَمِينِكَ ( ...nor did you write any book (whatsoever ) with your right hand) ( 29:48 ) and: وَوَعَدْنَا مُوسَى ثَلَـثِينَ لَيْلَةً وَأَتْمَمْنَاهَا بِعَشْرٍ فَتَمَّ مِيقَـتُ رَبِّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً ( And We appointed for Musa thirty nights and added (to the period ) ten ( more ), and he completed the term, appointed by his Lord, of forty nights.) ( 7:142 ) It was also said that the meaning of "ten days in all" emphasizes the order to fast for ten days, not less than that. The Residents of Makkah do not perform Tamattu Allah said: ذَلِكَ لِمَن لَّمْ يَكُنْ أَهْلُهُ حَاضِرِى الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ( This is for him whose family is not present at Al-Masjid Al-Haram (i.e., non-resident of Makkah ).) This Ayah concerns the residents of the area of the Haram, for they do not perform Tamattu`.
`Abdur-Razzaq reported that Tawus said, "Tamattu` is for the people, those whose families are not residing in the Haram area ( Makkah ), not for the residents of Makkah.
Hence Allah's Statement: ذَلِكَ لِمَن لَّمْ يَكُنْ أَهْلُهُ حَاضِرِى الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ( This is for him whose family is not present at Al-Masjid Al-Haram (i.e., non-resident of Makkah ).) `Abdur-Razzaq then said, "I was also told that Ibn `Abbas said similar to Tawus." Allah said: وَاتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ ( ...and fear Allah ) meaning, in what He has commanded you and what He prohibited for you.
He then said: وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ ( ...and know that Allah is severe in punishment ) for those who defy His command and commit what He has prohibited.

( Perform the pilgrimage and the visit for Allah ) so that He may accept them, and this by making them sincere unto Him and also by performing the pilgrimage to its final completion and by performing the lesser pilgrimage to the Sacred House. ( And if ye are prevented ) from performing the pilgrimage or the lesser pilgrimage because of enemies or ill-health, ( then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease ) then you should offer whatever gifts you can obtain: a sheep, cow or camel in order to leave the Sacred Precinct, ( and shave not your heads ) if you are prevented ( until the gifts ) that you have sent ( have reached their destination ) where it is going to be immolated. ( And whoever among you is sick ) and cannot remain in the place where he is, then he can return home before his gift reaches its destination ( or hath an ailment of the head ) or if his head is infested with lice, he should shave it. This verse was revealed about Ka’b Ibn ’Ujrah who shaved his hair when still in a state of ritual consecration because it was infested with lice, ( must pay ransom of fasting ) the ransom is to fast three days ( or almsgiving ) to six needy people from the inhabitants of Mecca ( or offering ) a sheep to be sent to the place of immolation. ( And if ye are in safety ) from the enemy and you have recovered from your sickness, then you should make up that which Allah has made obligatory upon you in the following year, whether it is a question of the pilgrimage or the lesser pilgrimage, ( then whoever contenteth himself with ) perfume and clothes after ( the visit ) the lesser pilgrimage and until he engages in ritual consecration ( for the Pilgrimage (shall give ) such gifts) then he should offer a sacrifice for making ’Umrah before Hajj ( dam al-tamattu’ ) and a sacrifice for doing Hajj and ’Umrah simultaneously ( dam al-qaran wa’l-mut’a ), whether it is a sheep, cow or camel ( as can be had with ease. And whoever cannot find (such gifts )) either a sheep, cow or camel, ( then a fast of three days ) a fast of three consecutive days ( while on the pilgrimage ) in the ten days of the pilgrimage, the last of which being the Day of ’Arafah, ( and of seven when ye have returned ) on your way to your families or after you have returned to your families; ( that is, ten in all ) in exchange for the gifts.

And perform properly (i.e. all the ceremonies according to the ways of Prophet Muhammad SAW), the Hajj and 'Umrah (i.e. the pilgrimage to Makkah) for Allah. But if you are prevented (from completing them), sacrifice a Hady (animal, i.e. a sheep, a cow, or a camel, etc.) such as you can afford, and do not shave your heads until the Hady reaches the place of sacrifice. And whosoever of you is ill or has an ailment in his scalp (necessitating shaving), he must pay a Fidyah (ransom) of either observing Saum (fasts) (three days) or giving Sadaqah (charity - feeding six poor persons) or offering sacrifice (one sheep). Then if you are in safety and whosoever performs the 'Umrah in the months of Hajj, before (performing) the Hajj, (i.e. Hajj-at-Tamattu' and Al-Qiran), he must slaughter a Hady such as he can afford, but if he cannot afford it, he should observe Saum (fasts) three days during the Hajj and seven days after his return (to his home), making ten days in all. This is for him whose family is not present at Al-Masjid-al-Haram (i.e. non-resident of Makkah). And fear Allah much and know that Allah is Severe in punishment.

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