Surah Furqan ayat 2 Tafsir Quran 25:2

﴿الَّذِي لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَلَمْ يَتَّخِذْ وَلَدًا وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ شَرِيكٌ فِي الْمُلْكِ وَخَلَقَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ فَقَدَّرَهُ تَقْدِيرًا﴾
[ الفرقان: 2]

25:2 He to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and who has not taken a son and has not had a partner in dominion and has created each thing and determined it with [precise] determination.

He to Whom belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and Who has not taken a son nor has He any partner in sovereignty; and He created everything which was meant to be created and then determined it in a precise measure He fashioned it in a balanced form.

(blessed be He) Who has the sovereignty, the supreme dominion and the supreme controlling power of the heavens and the earth. The Creator Who never allowed anyone to share His Sovereignty or His divine nature. He created the whole and all in all, and each and all He has computed in due proportion to satisfy individual needs and to attain a certain object and a precise purpose

Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Blessed be Allah Here Allah praises Himself for the Noble Qur'an He has revealed to His noble Messenger .
This is like the Ayat: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِى أَنْزَلَ عَلَى عَبْدِهِ الْكِتَـبَ وَلَمْ يَجْعَل لَّهُ عِوَجَا قَيِّماً لِّيُنْذِرَ بَأْسًا شَدِيدًا مِّن لَّدُنْهُ وَيُبَشِّرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ الصَّـلِحَاتِ ( All the praises and thanks be to Allah, Who has sent down to His servant the Book, and has not placed therein any crookedness.
(He has made it ) straight to give warning of a severe punishment from Him, and to give glad tidings to the believers, who do righteous deeds...) 18:1-2 Here Allah says: تَبَارَكَ ( Blessed be He. ) The verbal form used here implies an ongoing, permanent, eternal blessing. الَّذِى نَزَّلَ الْفُرْقَانَ ( Who sent down the criterion ) The verb Nazzala is a form which implies something done a great deal and often.
This is like the Ayah: وَالْكِتَـبِ الَّذِى نَزَّلَ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَـبِ الَّذِى أَنَزلَ مِن قَبْلُ ( And the Book which He (Nazzala ) sent down to His Messenger, and the Scripture which He ( Anzala ) sent down to those before ( him )) ( 4:136 ).
Each of the previous Books was sent down at one time, but the Qur'an was revealed gradually, in stages, Ayat after Ayat, rulings after rulings, Surahs after Surahs.
This is more eloquent and indicative of greater care for the one to whom it is revealed, as Allah says later in this Surah: وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوْلاَ نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ الْقُرْءَانُ جُمْلَةً وَحِدَةً كَذَلِكَ لِنُثَبِّتَ بِهِ فُؤَادَكَ وَرَتَّلْنَاهُ تَرْتِيلاً - وَلاَ يَأْتُونَكَ بِمَثَلٍ إِلاَّ جِئْنَـكَ بِالْحَقِّ وَأَحْسَنَ تَفْسِيراً ( And those who disbelieve say: "Why is not the Qur'an revealed to him all at once" Thus, that We may strengthen your heart thereby.
And We have revealed it to you gradually, in stages.
And no example or similitude do they bring, but We reveal to you the truth, and the better explanation thereof. ) ( 25:32-33 ) This Surah was named Al-Furqan, because it is the criterion that decides between truth and falsehood, guidance and misguidance, right and wrong, lawful and unlawful. عَلَى عَبْدِهِ ( to His servant ) This description is one of praise and commendation, because here Allah is connecting him to Himself, describing him as His servant.
Allah also described him in this manner when referring to the noblest of events, the Night of the Isra', as He said: سُبْحَانَ الَّذِى أَسْرَى بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلاً ( Glorified be He Who took His servant for a journey by night ) ( 17:1 ).
Allah also described him in this way when He described how he stood and called to Him: وَأَنَّهُ لَّمَا قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَدْعُوهُ كَادُواْ يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَداً ( And when the servant of Allah stood up invoking Him in prayer they (the Jinn ) just made round him a dense crowd as if sticking one over the other ( in order to listen to the Prophet's recitation ).) ( 72:19 ) This description is also used here when Allah describes how the Book is revealed to him and how the angel comes down to him: تَبَارَكَ الَّذِى نَزَّلَ الْفُرْقَانَ عَلَى عَبْدِهِ لِيَكُونَ لِلْعَـلَمِينَ نَذِيراً ( Blessed be He Who sent down the criterion to His servant that he may be a warner to all nations. ) لِيَكُونَ لِلْعَـلَمِينَ نَذِيراً ( that he may be a warner to all nations. ) means, he alone has been blessed with this great, detailed, clear Book which, لاَّ يَأْتِيهِ الْبَـطِلُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَلاَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ تَنزِيلٌ مِّنْ حَكِيمٍ حَمِيدٍ ( Falsehood cannot come to it from before it or behind it, (it is ) sent down by the All-Wise, Worthy of all praise ( Allah ).) ( 41:42 ) The One Who made it the mighty criterion, singled him out to convey it to those who seek the shade of trees and to those who live on the land ( i.e., to all of mankind, nomad and settled alike ), as the Prophet said:
«بُعِثْتُ إِلَى الْأَحْمَرِ وَالْأَسْوَد»
( I have been sent to the red and the black. ) And he said:
«إِنِّي أُعْطِيتُ خَمْسًا لَمْ يُعْطَهُنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ قَبْلِي»
( I have been given five things which no Prophet before me was given.
) Among them he mentioned:
«كَانَ النَّبِيُّ يُبْعَثُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ خَاصَّةً وَبُعِثْتُ إِلَى النَّاسِ عَامَّة»
( Before me a Prophet was sent only to his own people, but I have been sent to all of mankind. ) And Allah says: قُلْ يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعًا ( Say: "O mankind! Verily, I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah..." ) ( 7:158 ), meaning, the One Who has sent me is the Sovereign of the heaven and the earth, who merely says to a thing "Be!" and it is.
He is the one who gives life and causes death.
Allah says here: الَّذِى لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَلَمْ يَتَّخِذْ وَلَداً وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ شَرِيكٌ فِى المُلْكِ ( He to Whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and Who has begotten no son and for Whom there is no partner in the dominion. ) Allah states that He is above having any offspring or partner.
Then He tells us: خَـلِقُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍفَقَدَّرَهُ تَقْدِيراً ( He has created everything, and has measured it exactly according to its due measurements. ) meaning, everything apart from Him is created and subject to Him.
He is the Creator, Lord, Master and God of all things, and everything is subject to His dominion, control and power.

(25:2) He to Whom belongs the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth: *5 Who has begotten no son: *6 Who has no partner in His Sovereignty: *7 Who created each and every thing and then ordained its destiny. *8

He to whom belongs the dominion of meaning

*5) Another translation may be: " To Him belongs the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth. " That is, He alone has an exclusive right to it, and no one else has any right to it nor any share in it
*6) That is, " He has neither any relation of direct parenthood to anyone, nor has He taken anyone as a son.
Therefore, none else in the universe is entitled to worship.
He is Unique and there can be no partner in His Godhead.
Thus alI those who associate with Him angels or jinns or saints as His offspring, are ignorant.
Likewise, those who believe that some one, is His "son" , are also ignorant.
They have no true conception of the Greatness of AIIah and consider Him to be weak and needy like human beings, who require some one to become their inheritor.
It is sheer ignorance and folly. " For further details, see E.N.'s 66 to G8 of Surah Yunus .

*7) The Arabic word mulk means Sovereignty, Supreme Authority, and Kingship.
Thus the sentence will mean: " AIIah is the Absolute Ruler of the whole universe and there is none other who may have any right to authority; therefore He alone is God. " For whenever a man takes anything else as his lord, he does so under the presumption that his deity has the power to do good or bring harm and make or mar his fortune; nobody will like to worship a powerless deity.
Now when it is recognized that none but AIIah has the real power and authority in the universe, nobody will bow before anyone other than Him in worship, nor will sing anybody else's hymns, nor commit the folly of bowing in worship before any thing else except his real God, or recognize any other as his ruler, because " To AIIah belongs the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and to Him alone. "
*8) There may be other translations of this also: " He has ordained it in due proportion "; or " He has appointed an exact measure for everything. " But no translation can convey its real meaning, which is: " Allah has not only created everything in the universe but also determined its shape, size, potentialities, characteristics, term of existence, the limitations and extent of its development and aII other things concerning it.
Then, He has created the means and provisions to enable it to function properly in its own separate sphere.
" This is one of the most comprehensive verses of the Qur'an with regard to the Doctrine of Tauhid.
According to Traditions, the Holy Prophet himself taught this verse to every child of his family as soon as it was able to speak and utter a few words.
Thus, this verse is the best means of impressing the Doctrine of Tauhid on our minds, and every Muslim should use it for educating his children as soon as they develop understanding.

 

Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Blessed be Allah Here Allah praises Himself for the Noble Qur'an He has revealed to His noble Messenger .
This is like the Ayat: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِى أَنْزَلَ عَلَى عَبْدِهِ الْكِتَـبَ وَلَمْ يَجْعَل لَّهُ عِوَجَا قَيِّماً لِّيُنْذِرَ بَأْسًا شَدِيدًا مِّن لَّدُنْهُ وَيُبَشِّرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ الصَّـلِحَاتِ ( All the praises and thanks be to Allah, Who has sent down to His servant the Book, and has not placed therein any crookedness.
(He has made it ) straight to give warning of a severe punishment from Him, and to give glad tidings to the believers, who do righteous deeds...) 18:1-2 Here Allah says: تَبَارَكَ ( Blessed be He. ) The verbal form used here implies an ongoing, permanent, eternal blessing. الَّذِى نَزَّلَ الْفُرْقَانَ ( Who sent down the criterion ) The verb Nazzala is a form which implies something done a great deal and often.
This is like the Ayah: وَالْكِتَـبِ الَّذِى نَزَّلَ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَـبِ الَّذِى أَنَزلَ مِن قَبْلُ ( And the Book which He (Nazzala ) sent down to His Messenger, and the Scripture which He ( Anzala ) sent down to those before ( him )) ( 4:136 ).
Each of the previous Books was sent down at one time, but the Qur'an was revealed gradually, in stages, Ayat after Ayat, rulings after rulings, Surahs after Surahs.
This is more eloquent and indicative of greater care for the one to whom it is revealed, as Allah says later in this Surah: وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوْلاَ نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ الْقُرْءَانُ جُمْلَةً وَحِدَةً كَذَلِكَ لِنُثَبِّتَ بِهِ فُؤَادَكَ وَرَتَّلْنَاهُ تَرْتِيلاً - وَلاَ يَأْتُونَكَ بِمَثَلٍ إِلاَّ جِئْنَـكَ بِالْحَقِّ وَأَحْسَنَ تَفْسِيراً ( And those who disbelieve say: "Why is not the Qur'an revealed to him all at once" Thus, that We may strengthen your heart thereby.
And We have revealed it to you gradually, in stages.
And no example or similitude do they bring, but We reveal to you the truth, and the better explanation thereof. ) ( 25:32-33 ) This Surah was named Al-Furqan, because it is the criterion that decides between truth and falsehood, guidance and misguidance, right and wrong, lawful and unlawful. عَلَى عَبْدِهِ ( to His servant ) This description is one of praise and commendation, because here Allah is connecting him to Himself, describing him as His servant.
Allah also described him in this manner when referring to the noblest of events, the Night of the Isra', as He said: سُبْحَانَ الَّذِى أَسْرَى بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلاً ( Glorified be He Who took His servant for a journey by night ) ( 17:1 ).
Allah also described him in this way when He described how he stood and called to Him: وَأَنَّهُ لَّمَا قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَدْعُوهُ كَادُواْ يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَداً ( And when the servant of Allah stood up invoking Him in prayer they (the Jinn ) just made round him a dense crowd as if sticking one over the other ( in order to listen to the Prophet's recitation ).) ( 72:19 ) This description is also used here when Allah describes how the Book is revealed to him and how the angel comes down to him: تَبَارَكَ الَّذِى نَزَّلَ الْفُرْقَانَ عَلَى عَبْدِهِ لِيَكُونَ لِلْعَـلَمِينَ نَذِيراً ( Blessed be He Who sent down the criterion to His servant that he may be a warner to all nations. ) لِيَكُونَ لِلْعَـلَمِينَ نَذِيراً ( that he may be a warner to all nations. ) means, he alone has been blessed with this great, detailed, clear Book which, لاَّ يَأْتِيهِ الْبَـطِلُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَلاَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ تَنزِيلٌ مِّنْ حَكِيمٍ حَمِيدٍ ( Falsehood cannot come to it from before it or behind it, (it is ) sent down by the All-Wise, Worthy of all praise ( Allah ).) ( 41:42 ) The One Who made it the mighty criterion, singled him out to convey it to those who seek the shade of trees and to those who live on the land ( i.e., to all of mankind, nomad and settled alike ), as the Prophet said: «بُعِثْتُ إِلَى الْأَحْمَرِ وَالْأَسْوَد» ( I have been sent to the red and the black. ) And he said: «إِنِّي أُعْطِيتُ خَمْسًا لَمْ يُعْطَهُنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ قَبْلِي» ( I have been given five things which no Prophet before me was given.
) Among them he mentioned: «كَانَ النَّبِيُّ يُبْعَثُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ خَاصَّةً وَبُعِثْتُ إِلَى النَّاسِ عَامَّة» ( Before me a Prophet was sent only to his own people, but I have been sent to all of mankind. ) And Allah says: قُلْ يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعًا ( Say: "O mankind! Verily, I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah..." ) ( 7:158 ), meaning, the One Who has sent me is the Sovereign of the heaven and the earth, who merely says to a thing "Be!" and it is.
He is the one who gives life and causes death.
Allah says here: الَّذِى لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَلَمْ يَتَّخِذْ وَلَداً وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ شَرِيكٌ فِى المُلْكِ ( He to Whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and Who has begotten no son and for Whom there is no partner in the dominion. ) Allah states that He is above having any offspring or partner.
Then He tells us: خَـلِقُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍفَقَدَّرَهُ تَقْدِيراً ( He has created everything, and has measured it exactly according to its due measurements. ) meaning, everything apart from Him is created and subject to Him.
He is the Creator, Lord, Master and God of all things, and everything is subject to His dominion, control and power.

( He unto Whom belongeth the Sovereignty ) the storehouses ( of the heavens ) rain ( and the earth ) vegetation. ( He hath chosen no son ) as claimed by the Jews and Christians ( nor hath He any partner in the sovereignty ) as claimed by the Arab idolaters. ( He hath created everything ) that which they worship and that which they do not worship ( and hath meted out for it a measure ) their lifespan, provision and works are all in a specific measure; it is also said that this means: He decreed for each male a female.

He to Whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and Who has begotten no son (children or offspring) and for Whom there is no partner in the dominion. He has created everything, and has measured it exactly according to its due measurements.

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