Surah Saba ayat 23 Tafsir Quran 34:23

﴿وَلَا تَنفَعُ الشَّفَاعَةُ عِندَهُ إِلَّا لِمَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ ۚ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُوا مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ ۖ قَالُوا الْحَقَّ ۖ وَهُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْكَبِيرُ﴾
[ سبأ: 23]

34:23 And intercession does not benefit with Him except for one whom He permits. [And those wait] until, when terror is removed from their hearts, they will say [to one another], "What has your Lord said?" They will say, "The truth." And He is the Most High, the Grand.

And intercession will not avail with Him exalted be He — this was in response to their saying that their gods would intercede for them with Him — except for him to whom leave is given in this respect read adhina ‘to whom He gives leave’; or udhina ‘to whom leave is given’. Yet when fear is banished from their hearts read active fazza‘a or passive fuzzi‘a when fear is removed from them upon leave being given for this intercession they will say — some will say to others in anticipation of a favourable outcome — ‘What has your Lord said?’ concerning this. They will say He has said the saying that is ‘The truth’ in other words leave has been given for it. And He is the Exalted above His creation by His subjugation of them the Great the Tremendous.

Nor shall intercession take effect with Him in Day of Judgement except from those permitted. And when the overwhelming effect of terror is eased off and the hearts calm down, the infidels shall ask: What was it that Allah said! They shall be told: The Truth. And He is AL-Aliyo (the Unique whose attributes belong to the highest regions of thought and reality, the Unique Who is eminently entitled to the designation the Supreme) and AL-Kabir (the Omniscient)

The Helplessness of the gods of the Idolators Here Allah states clearly that He is the One and Only God, the Self-Sufficient Master, Who has no peer or partner; He is independent in His command and there is no one who can share or dispute with Him in that, or overturn His command.
So, He says: قُلِ ادْعُواْ الَّذِينَ زَعَمْتُمْ مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ ( Say: "Call upon those whom you assert besides Allah..." ) meaning, the gods who are worshipped besides Allah. لاَ يَمْلِكُونَ مِثُقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَلاَ فِى الاٌّرْضِ ( they possess not even the weight of a speck of dust, either in the heavens or on the earth, ) This is like the Ayah: وَالَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ مَا يَمْلِكُونَ مِن قِطْمِيرٍ ( And those, whom you invoke or call upon instead of Him, own not even a Qitmir ) ( 35:13 ). وَمَا لَهُمْ فِيهِمَا مِن شِرْكٍ nor have they any share in either, means, they do not possess anything, either independently or as partners. وَمَا لَهُ مِنْهُمْ مِّن ظَهِيرٍ ( nor there is for Him any supporter from among them.
) means, nor does Allah have among these rivals any whose support He seeks in any matter; on the contrary, all of creation is in need of Him and is enslaved by Him.
Then Allah says: وَلاَ تَنفَعُ الشَّفَـعَةُ عِندَهُ إِلاَّ لِمَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ ( Intercession with Him profits not except for him whom He permits. ) meaning, because of His might, majesty and pride, no one would dare to intercede with Him in any matter, except after being granted His permission to intercede.
As Allah says: مَن ذَا الَّذِى يَشْفَعُ عِندَهُ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ ( Who is he that can intercede with Him except with His permission ) ( 2:255 ), وَكَمْ مِّن مَّلَكٍ فِى السَّمَـوَتِ لاَ تُغْنِى شَفَـعَتُهُمْ شَيْئاً إِلاَّ مِن بَعْدِ أَن يَأْذَنَ اللَّهُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَرْضَى ( And there are many angels in the heavens, whose intercession will avail nothing except after Allah has given leave for whom He wills and is pleased with. ) ( 53:26 ) وَلاَ يَشْفَعُونَ إِلاَّ لِمَنِ ارْتَضَى وَهُمْ مِّنْ خَشْيَتِهِ مُشْفِقُونَ ( and they cannot intercede except for him with whom He is pleased.
And they stand in awe for fear of Him ) ( 21:28 ).
It was reported in the Two Sahihs through more than one chain of narration that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , who is the leader of the sons of Adam and the greatest intercessor before Allah, will go to stand in Al-Maqam Al-Mahmud ( the praised position ) to intercede for all of mankind when their Lord comes to pass judgement upon them.
He said:
«فَأَسْجُدُ للهِ تَعَالَى فَيَدَعُنِي مَااَشاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يَدَعَنِي، وَيَفْتَحُ عَلَيَّ بِمَحَامِدَ لَا أُحْصِيهَا الْانَ، ثُمَّ يُقَالُ: يَامُحَمَّدُ ارْفَعْ رَأْسَكَ وَقُلْ تُسْمَعْ، وَسَلْ تُعْطَهُ، وَاشْفَعْ تُشَفَّع»
( Then I will prostrate to Allah, may He be exalted, and He will leave me (in that position ), as long as Allah wills, and He will inspire me to speak words of praise which I cannot mention now.
Then it will be said, "O Muhammad, raise your head.
Speak, you will be heard; ask, you will be given; intercede, your intercession will be accepted...") حَتَّى إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُواْ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ قَالُواْ الْحَقَّ ( So much so that when fear is banished from their hearts, they say: "What is it that your Lord has said" They say the truth. ) This also refers to the great degree of His might and power.
When He speaks words of revelation, the inhabitants of the heavens hear what He says, and they tremble with fear ( of Allah ) so much that they swoon.
This was the view of Ibn Mas`ud, may Allah be pleased with him, Masruq and others. حَتَّى إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمْ ( So much so that when fear is banished from their hearts, ) means, when the fear leaves their hearts.
Ibn `Abbas, Ibn `Umar, Abu `Abdur-Rahman As-Sulami, Ash-Sha`bi, Ibrahim An-Nakha`i, Ad-Dhahhak, Al-Hasan and Qatadah said concerning the Ayah, حَتَّى إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُواْ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ قَالُواْ الْحَقَّ ( So much so that when fear is banished from their hearts, they say: "What is it that your Lord has said" They say the truth. ) "When the fear is lifted from their hearts." When this happens, some of them say to others, "What did your Lord say" Those ( angels ) who are carrying the Throne tell those who are next to them, then they in turn pass it on to those who are next to them, and so on, until the news reaches the inhabitants of the lowest heaven.
Allah says, قَالُواْ الْحَقَّ They say the truth.
meaning, they report what He said, without adding or taking away anything. وَهُوَ الْعَلِىُّ الْكَبِيرُ ( And He is the Most High, the Most Great. ) In his Tafsir of this Ayah in his Sahih, Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him said, "The Prophet of Allah said:
«إِذَا قَضَى اللهُ تَعَالَى الْأَمْرَ فِي السَّمَاءِ ضَرَبَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ بِأَجْنِحَتِهَا خُضْعَانًا لِقَوْلِهِ،كَأَنَّهُ سِلْسِلَةٌ عَلَى صَفْوَانٍ، فَإِذَا فُزِّعَ عَنْ قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُوا: مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ؟ قَالُوا لِلَّذِي قَالَ: الْحَقَّ، وَهُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْكَبِيرُ، فَيَسْمَعُهَا مُسْتَرِقُ السَّمْعِ، وَمُسْتَرِقُ السَّمْعِ هَكَذَا بَعْضُهُ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ وَوَصَفَ سُفْيَانُ بِيَدِهِ فَحَرَّفَهَا، وَنَشَرَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ فَيَسْمَعُ الْكَلِمَةَ فَيُلْقِيهَا إِلَى مَنْ تَحْتَهُ، ثُمَّ يُلْقِيهَا الْاخَرُ إِلَى مَنْ تَحْتَهُ، حَتْى يُلْقِيَهَا عَلَى لِسَانِ السَّاحِرِ أَوِ الْكَاهِنِ، فَرُبَّمَا أَدْرَكَهُ الشِّهَابُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُلْقِيَهَا، وَرُبَّمَا أَلْقَاهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْرِكَهُ، فَيَكْذِبُ مَعَهَا مِائَةَ كَذْبَةٍ فَيُقَالُ: أَلَيْسَ قَدْ قَالَ لَنَا يَوْمَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ فَيُصَدَّقُ بِتِلْكَ الْكَلِمَةِ الَّتِي سُمِعَتْ مِنَ السَّمَاء»
( When Allah decrees a matter in heaven, the angels beat their wings in submission to His Words, making a sound like a chain striking a smooth rock.
When the fear is banished from their hearts, they say, "What is it that your Lord has said" They say the truth, and He is the Most High, the Most Great.
Then the one who is listening out hears that, and those who are listening out are standing one above the other ) -- Sufyan one of the narrators demonstrated with his hand, holding it vertically with the fingers outspread.
( So he hears what is said and passes it on to the one below him, and that one passes it to the one who is below him, and so on until it reaches the lips of the soothsayer or fortune-teller.
Maybe a meteor will hit him before he can pass anything on, or maybe he will pass it on before he is hit.
He tells a hundred lies alongside it, but it will be said, "Did he not tell us that on such and such a day, such and such would happen" So they believe him because of the one thing which was heard from heaven. )" This was recorded by Al-Bukhari, not by Muslim.
Abu Dawud, At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah also recorded it.
And Allah knows best.

(34:23) No intercession can avail with Allah except for him whom Allah permits (to intercede). *40 When their hearts are relieved of fright they will ask the intercessors: 'What did your Lord say?' They will reply: '(He said) what is right, and He is the High, the Great.' *41

And intercession does not benefit with Him meaning

*40) That is, " Not to speak of owning something, or being a partner in the ownership of something, or being a helper of Allah in any way, there exists no one in the universe, who of his own accord may intercede for someone before Allah.
You are involved in the misunderstanding that there arc' some beloved ones of God, or some such powerful personalities, who can force and press God to accept their intercession, whereas the fact is that no one will dare utter a word of recommendation there without Allah's permission.
Only such a one will be able to make his submissions, who is permitted by Allah to do so, and will intercede for him alone for whom permission for intercession is granted.
( To understand the distinction between the Islamic concept of intercession and the polytheistic concept, see Yunus: 3, 18; Hud: 76, 105; Ta Ha: 109; Al-Anbiya': 28; AI-Hajj: 76 ).

*41) Here a graphic picture has been drawn of the time when on the Day of Resurrection an intercessor will be seeking permission to intercede on behalf of another.
It presents this scene: "After submitting the application for permission, both the intercessor and the intercessee are awaiting the reply in a state of restlessness and awe.
At last, when the permission is granted and the intercessee perceives satisfaction in the face of the intercessor he feels a little comforted and asks the intercessor: `What reply has been received?' The intercessor says, 'The right reply: permission has been granted.' What is meant to be impressed is this: `O foolish people! Such will be the awe of the great Court of Allah ! How dare you entertain the notion that anybody will have you forgiven by his own power, or dare behave stubbornly and tell Allah: These are my favourites: they will have to be forgiven!"
 

The Helplessness of the gods of the Idolators Here Allah states clearly that He is the One and Only God, the Self-Sufficient Master, Who has no peer or partner; He is independent in His command and there is no one who can share or dispute with Him in that, or overturn His command.
So, He says: قُلِ ادْعُواْ الَّذِينَ زَعَمْتُمْ مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ ( Say: "Call upon those whom you assert besides Allah..." ) meaning, the gods who are worshipped besides Allah. لاَ يَمْلِكُونَ مِثُقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَلاَ فِى الاٌّرْضِ ( they possess not even the weight of a speck of dust, either in the heavens or on the earth, ) This is like the Ayah: وَالَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ مَا يَمْلِكُونَ مِن قِطْمِيرٍ ( And those, whom you invoke or call upon instead of Him, own not even a Qitmir ) ( 35:13 ). وَمَا لَهُمْ فِيهِمَا مِن شِرْكٍ nor have they any share in either, means, they do not possess anything, either independently or as partners. وَمَا لَهُ مِنْهُمْ مِّن ظَهِيرٍ ( nor there is for Him any supporter from among them.
) means, nor does Allah have among these rivals any whose support He seeks in any matter; on the contrary, all of creation is in need of Him and is enslaved by Him.
Then Allah says: وَلاَ تَنفَعُ الشَّفَـعَةُ عِندَهُ إِلاَّ لِمَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ ( Intercession with Him profits not except for him whom He permits. ) meaning, because of His might, majesty and pride, no one would dare to intercede with Him in any matter, except after being granted His permission to intercede.
As Allah says: مَن ذَا الَّذِى يَشْفَعُ عِندَهُ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ ( Who is he that can intercede with Him except with His permission ) ( 2:255 ), وَكَمْ مِّن مَّلَكٍ فِى السَّمَـوَتِ لاَ تُغْنِى شَفَـعَتُهُمْ شَيْئاً إِلاَّ مِن بَعْدِ أَن يَأْذَنَ اللَّهُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَرْضَى ( And there are many angels in the heavens, whose intercession will avail nothing except after Allah has given leave for whom He wills and is pleased with. ) ( 53:26 ) وَلاَ يَشْفَعُونَ إِلاَّ لِمَنِ ارْتَضَى وَهُمْ مِّنْ خَشْيَتِهِ مُشْفِقُونَ ( and they cannot intercede except for him with whom He is pleased.
And they stand in awe for fear of Him ) ( 21:28 ).
It was reported in the Two Sahihs through more than one chain of narration that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , who is the leader of the sons of Adam and the greatest intercessor before Allah, will go to stand in Al-Maqam Al-Mahmud ( the praised position ) to intercede for all of mankind when their Lord comes to pass judgement upon them.
He said: «فَأَسْجُدُ للهِ تَعَالَى فَيَدَعُنِي مَااَشاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يَدَعَنِي، وَيَفْتَحُ عَلَيَّ بِمَحَامِدَ لَا أُحْصِيهَا الْانَ، ثُمَّ يُقَالُ: يَامُحَمَّدُ ارْفَعْ رَأْسَكَ وَقُلْ تُسْمَعْ، وَسَلْ تُعْطَهُ، وَاشْفَعْ تُشَفَّع» ( Then I will prostrate to Allah, may He be exalted, and He will leave me (in that position ), as long as Allah wills, and He will inspire me to speak words of praise which I cannot mention now.
Then it will be said, "O Muhammad, raise your head.
Speak, you will be heard; ask, you will be given; intercede, your intercession will be accepted...") حَتَّى إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُواْ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ قَالُواْ الْحَقَّ ( So much so that when fear is banished from their hearts, they say: "What is it that your Lord has said" They say the truth. ) This also refers to the great degree of His might and power.
When He speaks words of revelation, the inhabitants of the heavens hear what He says, and they tremble with fear ( of Allah ) so much that they swoon.
This was the view of Ibn Mas`ud, may Allah be pleased with him, Masruq and others. حَتَّى إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمْ ( So much so that when fear is banished from their hearts, ) means, when the fear leaves their hearts.
Ibn `Abbas, Ibn `Umar, Abu `Abdur-Rahman As-Sulami, Ash-Sha`bi, Ibrahim An-Nakha`i, Ad-Dhahhak, Al-Hasan and Qatadah said concerning the Ayah, حَتَّى إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُواْ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ قَالُواْ الْحَقَّ ( So much so that when fear is banished from their hearts, they say: "What is it that your Lord has said" They say the truth. ) "When the fear is lifted from their hearts." When this happens, some of them say to others, "What did your Lord say" Those ( angels ) who are carrying the Throne tell those who are next to them, then they in turn pass it on to those who are next to them, and so on, until the news reaches the inhabitants of the lowest heaven.
Allah says, قَالُواْ الْحَقَّ They say the truth.
meaning, they report what He said, without adding or taking away anything. وَهُوَ الْعَلِىُّ الْكَبِيرُ ( And He is the Most High, the Most Great. ) In his Tafsir of this Ayah in his Sahih, Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him said, "The Prophet of Allah said: «إِذَا قَضَى اللهُ تَعَالَى الْأَمْرَ فِي السَّمَاءِ ضَرَبَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ بِأَجْنِحَتِهَا خُضْعَانًا لِقَوْلِهِ،كَأَنَّهُ سِلْسِلَةٌ عَلَى صَفْوَانٍ، فَإِذَا فُزِّعَ عَنْ قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُوا: مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ؟ قَالُوا لِلَّذِي قَالَ: الْحَقَّ، وَهُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْكَبِيرُ، فَيَسْمَعُهَا مُسْتَرِقُ السَّمْعِ، وَمُسْتَرِقُ السَّمْعِ هَكَذَا بَعْضُهُ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ وَوَصَفَ سُفْيَانُ بِيَدِهِ فَحَرَّفَهَا، وَنَشَرَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ فَيَسْمَعُ الْكَلِمَةَ فَيُلْقِيهَا إِلَى مَنْ تَحْتَهُ، ثُمَّ يُلْقِيهَا الْاخَرُ إِلَى مَنْ تَحْتَهُ، حَتْى يُلْقِيَهَا عَلَى لِسَانِ السَّاحِرِ أَوِ الْكَاهِنِ، فَرُبَّمَا أَدْرَكَهُ الشِّهَابُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُلْقِيَهَا، وَرُبَّمَا أَلْقَاهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْرِكَهُ، فَيَكْذِبُ مَعَهَا مِائَةَ كَذْبَةٍ فَيُقَالُ: أَلَيْسَ قَدْ قَالَ لَنَا يَوْمَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ فَيُصَدَّقُ بِتِلْكَ الْكَلِمَةِ الَّتِي سُمِعَتْ مِنَ السَّمَاء» ( When Allah decrees a matter in heaven, the angels beat their wings in submission to His Words, making a sound like a chain striking a smooth rock.
When the fear is banished from their hearts, they say, "What is it that your Lord has said" They say the truth, and He is the Most High, the Most Great.
Then the one who is listening out hears that, and those who are listening out are standing one above the other ) -- Sufyan one of the narrators demonstrated with his hand, holding it vertically with the fingers outspread.
( So he hears what is said and passes it on to the one below him, and that one passes it to the one who is below him, and so on until it reaches the lips of the soothsayer or fortune-teller.
Maybe a meteor will hit him before he can pass anything on, or maybe he will pass it on before he is hit.
He tells a hundred lies alongside it, but it will be said, "Did he not tell us that on such and such a day, such and such would happen" So they believe him because of the one thing which was heard from heaven. )" This was recorded by Al-Bukhari, not by Muslim.
Abu Dawud, At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah also recorded it.
And Allah knows best.

( No intercession availeth ) the angels will not intercede ( with Him ) on the Day of Judgement ( save for him whom He permitteth ) to intercede. Allah then mentions the weakness of the angels, for when the angels heard Allah uttering the revelation to Gabriel in order to take it to Muhammad ( pbuh ) they passed out due to the awe they sensed from Allah’s speech. And they remained in this state. ( Yet, when fear is banished from their hearts ) and Gabriel came down to them, and they lifted their heads, ( they say ) the angels said to Gabriel and the angels who were with him: ( What was it that your Lord said ) O Gabriel? ( They say ) Gabriel and the angels with him say: ( The Truth ) the Qur’an. ( And He is the Sublime ) more sublime than anyone and anything, ( the Great ) greater than everyone and everything.

Intercession with Him profits not, except for him whom He permits. Until when fear is banished from their (angels') hearts, they (angels) say: "What is it that your Lord has said?" They say: "The truth. And He is the Most High, the Most Great."

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