Surah An Nur ayat 32 Tafsir Quran 24:32

﴿وَأَنكِحُوا الْأَيَامَىٰ مِنكُمْ وَالصَّالِحِينَ مِنْ عِبَادِكُمْ وَإِمَائِكُمْ ۚ إِن يَكُونُوا فُقَرَاءَ يُغْنِهِمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ وَاسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ﴾
[ النور: 32]

24:32 And marry the unmarried among you and the righteous among your male slaves and female slaves. If they should be poor, Allah will enrich them from His bounty, and Allah is all-Encompassing and Knowing.

And marry off the spouseless among you ayāmā is the plural form of ayyim namely a spouseless female whether she be a virgin or one previously married or a spouseless male this stipulation relates to free men and free women and the righteous ones the believers among your male slaves and your female slaves ‘ibād is one plural form of ‘abd. If they the free men are poor God will enrich them through marriage out of His bounty. God is Embracing of the needs of His creatures Knowing of them.

And you may unite in matrimony with those who are single man or woman unmarried, legally divorced or widowed and those in whose hearts reigns piety among the men and the women who have been reduced to a servile state; If they are poor Allah will make His grace abound in them. Allah is Wasiun (Omnipresent) His grace abounds in the Universe, and Alimun

The Command to marry These clear Ayat include a group of unambiguous rulings and firm commands. وَأَنْكِحُواْ الأَيَـمَى مِنْكُمْ ( And marry those among you who are single (Al-Ayama )....) This is a command to marry.
The Prophet said:
«يَا مَعْشَرَ الشَّبَابِ، مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْكُمُ الْبَاءَةَ فَلْيَتَزَوَّجْ، فَإِنَّهُ أَغَضُّ لِلْبَصَرِ وَأَحْصَنُ لِلْفَرْجِ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَعَلَيْهِ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ لَهُ وِجَاءٌ»
( O young men, whoever among you can afford to get married, let him marry, for it is more effective in lowering the gaze and protecting the private parts.
Whoever cannot do that, then let him fast, for it is a protection for him. ) This was recorded in the Two Sahihs from the Hadith of Ibn Mas`ud.
In the Sunan, it was recorded from more than one person that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
«تَزَوَّجُوا تَوَالَدُوا تَنَاسَلُوا فَإِنِّي مُبَاهٍ بِكُمُ الْأُمَمَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ»
( Marry and have children, for I will be proud of you before the nations on the Day of Resurrection. ) The word Al-Ayama, the plural form of Ayyim, is used to describe a woman who has no husband and a man who has no wife, regardless of whether they have been married and then separated, or have never been married at all.
Al-Jawhari reported this from the scholars of the ( Arabic ) language, and the word is applied to men and women alike. إِن يَكُونُواْ فُقَرَآءَ يُغْنِهِمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ ( If they be poor, Allah will enrich them out of His bounty. ) `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas: "Allah encouraged them to get married, commanded both free men and servants to get married, and He promised to enrich them." إِن يَكُونُواْ فُقَرَآءَ يُغْنِهِمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ ( If they be poor, Allah will enrich them out of His bounty. ) It was recorded that Ibn Mas`ud said: "Seek the richness through marriage, for Allah says: إِن يَكُونُواْ فُقَرَآءَ يُغْنِهِمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ ( If they be poor, Allah will enrich them out of His bounty. )" This was recorded by Ibn Jarir.
Al-Baghawi also recorded something similar from `Umar.
It was reported from Al-Layth from Muhammad bin `Ajlan from Sa`id Al-Maqburi from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
«ثَلَاثَةٌ حَقٌّ عَلَى اللهِ عَوْنُهُمْ: النَّاكِحُ يُرِيدُ الْعَفَافَ، وَالْمُكَاتَبُ يُرِيدُ الْأَدَاءَ، وَالْغَازِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ»
( There are three whom it is a right upon Allah to help: one who gets married seeking chastity; a slave who makes a contract with his master with the aim of buying his freedom; and one who fights for the sake of Allah. ) This was recorded by Imam Ahmad, At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah.
The Prophet performed the marriage of a man who owned nothing but his waist wrap, and could not even buy a ring made of iron, but he still married him to that woman, making the Mahr his promise to teach her whatever he knew of the Qur'an.
And it is known from the generosity and kindness of Allah that He provided him with whatever was sufficient for her and for him. The Command to keep Oneself Chaste if One is not able to get married Allah's saying: وَلْيَسْتَعْفِفِ الَّذِينَ لاَ يَجِدُونَ نِكَاحاً حَتَّى يُغْنِيَهُمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ ( And let those who find not the financial means for marriage keep themselves chaste, until Allah enriches them of His bounty. ) This is a command from Allah to those who do not have the means to get married: they are to keep themselves chaste and avoid unlawful things, as the Prophet said:
«يَا مَعْشَرَ الشَّبَابِ مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْكُمُ الْبَاءَةَ فَلْيَتَزَوَّجْ فَإِنَّهُ أَغَضُّ لِلْبَصَرِ وَأَحْصَنُ لِلْفَرْجِ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَعَلَيْهِ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ لَهُ وِجَاءٌ»
( O young men, whoever among you can afford to get married, let him marry, for it is more effective in lowering the gaze and protecting the private parts.
Whoever cannot do that, then let him fast, for it is a protection for him. ) This Ayah is general in meaning, and the Ayah in Surat An-Nisa' is more specific, where Allah says: وَمَن لَّمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنكُمْ طَوْلاً أَن يَنكِحَ الْمُحْصَنَـتِ ( And whoever of you have not the means wherewith to wed free believing women )until His statement; وَأَن تَصْبِرُواْ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ ( but it is better for you that you practise self-restraint ) 4:25 meaning, it is better for you to be patient and refrain from marrying slave-girl, because any child that is born will also be a slave. وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( and Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful ) 4:25. وَلْيَسْتَعْفِفِ الَّذِينَ لاَ يَجِدُونَ نِكَاحاً ( And let those who find not the financial means for marriage keep themselves chaste, ) `Ikrimah said, "This refers to a man who sees a woman and it is as if he feels desire; if he has a wife then let him go to her and fulfill his desire with her, and if he does not have a wife, then let him ponder the kingdom of heaven and earth until Allah grants him means of livelihood." The Command to grant Slaves a Contract of Emancipation وَالَّذِينَ يَبْتَغُونَ الْكِتَـبَ مِمَّا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَـنُكُمْ فَكَـتِبُوهُمْ إِنْ عَلِمُتُمْ فِيهِمْ خَيْراً ( And such of your servants as seek a writing (of emancipation ), give them such writing, if you find that there is good and honesty in them.) This is a command from Allah to slave-owners: if their servants ask them for a contract of emancipation, they should write it for them, provided that the servant has some skill and means of earning so that he can pay his master the money that is stipulated in the contract.
Al-Bukhari said: "Rawh narrated from Ibn Jurayj: `I said to `Ata', "If I know that my servant has money, is it obligatory for me to write him a contract of emancipation" He said, "I do not think it can be anything but obligatory." `Amr bin Dinar said: "I said to `Ata', `Are you narrating this from anybody' He said, `No,' then he told me that Musa bin Anas told him that Sirin, who had a lot of money, asked Anas for a contract of emancipation and he refused.
So he went to `Umar ( bin Al-Khattab ), may Allah be pleased with him, and he said, `Write it for him.' He refused, so `Umar hit him with his whip and recited, فَكَـتِبُوهُمْ إِنْ عَلِمُتُمْ فِيهِمْ خَيْراً ( give them such writing, if you find that there is good and honesty in them. )Then he wrote the contract." This was mentioned by Al-Bukhari with a disconnected chain of narration.
It was also narrated by `Abdur-Razzaq who said Ibn Jurayj told them: I said to `Ata', "If I know that my servant has some money, is it obligatory for me to write him a contract of emancipation" He said, `I do not think it can be anything but obligatory."' It was also said by `Amr bin Dinar who said, "I said to `Ata', `Are you narrating this from anybody' He said, `No."' Ibn Jarir recorded that Sirin wanted Anas bin Malik to write a contract of emancipation and he delayed, then `Umar said to him, "You should certainly write him a contract of emancipation." Its chain of narrators is Sahih.
Allah's saying: إِنْ عَلِمُتُمْ فِيهِمْ خَيْراً ( if you find that there is good and honesty in them. ) Some of them said ( this means ) trustworthiness.
Some said: "Honesty," and others said: "A skill and ability to earn." وَءَاتُوهُمْ مِّن مَّالِ اللَّهِ الَّذِى ءَاتَـكُمْ ( And give them something out of the wealth of Allah which He has bestowed upon you. ) This is the share of the wealth of Zakah that Allah stated to be their right.
This is the opinion of Al-Hasan, `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam and his father and Muqatil bin Hayyan.
It was also the opinion favored by Ibn Jarir. وَءَاتُوهُمْ مِّن مَّالِ اللَّهِ الَّذِى ءَاتَـكُمْ ( And give them something out of the wealth of Allah which He has bestowed upon you.
) Ibrahim An-Nakha`i said, "This is urging the people, their masters and others." This was also the view of Buraydah bin Al-Husayb Al-Aslami and Qatadah.
Ibn `Abbas said: "Allah commanded the believers to help in freeing slaves." The Prohibition of forcing One's Slave-Girls to commit Zina ®257 ؛ Allah's saying: وَلاَ تُكْرِهُواْ فَتَيَـتِكُمْ عَلَى الْبِغَآءِ ( And force not your slave-girls to prostitution... ) Among the people of the Jahiliyyah, there were some who, if he had a slave-girl, he would send her out to commit Zina and would charge money for that, which he would take from her every time.
When Islam came, Allah forbade the believers to do that.
The reason why this Ayah was revealed, according to the reports of a number of earlier and later scholars of Tafsir, had to do with `Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul.
He had slave-girls whom he used to force into prostitution so that he could take their earnings and because he wanted them to have children which would enhance his status, or so he claimed. Reports narrated on this Topic In his Musnad, Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr Ahmad bin `Amr bin `Abd Al-Khaliq Al-Bazzar, may Allah have mercy on him, recorded that Az-Zuhri said, "`Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul had a slave-girl whose name was Mu`adhah, whom he forced into prostitution.
When Islam came, the Ayah وَلاَ تُكْرِهُواْ فَتَيَـتِكُمْ عَلَى الْبِغَآءِ ( And force not your slave-girls to prostitution... ) was revealed." Al-A`mash narrated from Abu Sufyan that Jabir said concerning this Ayah, "This was revealed about a slave-girl belonging to `Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul whose name was Musaykah.
He used to force her to commit immoral actions, but there was nothing wrong with her and she refused.
Then Allah revealed this Ayah: وَلاَ تُكْرِهُواْ فَتَيَـتِكُمْ عَلَى الْبِغَآءِ ( And force not your slave-girls to prostitution, ) until His saying; وَمَن يُكْرِههُنَّ فِإِنَّ اللَّهِ مِن بَعْدِ إِكْرَاهِهِنَّ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( But if anyone compels them, then after such compulsion, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. )" An-Nasa'i also recorded something similar.
Muqatil bin Hayyan said, "I heard -- and Allah knows best -- that this Ayah was revealed about two men who used to force two slave-girls of theirs ( into prostitution ).
One of them was called Musaykah who belonged to the Ansari, and Umaymah the mother of Musaykah belonged to `Abdullah bin Ubayy.
Mu`adhah and Arwa were in the same situation.
Then Musaykah and her mother came to the Prophet and told him about that.
Then Allah revealed: وَلاَ تُكْرِهُواْ فَتَيَـتِكُمْ عَلَى الْبِغَآءِ ( And force not your slave-girls to prostitution ), meaning Zina. إِنْ أَرَدْنَ تَحَصُّناً ( if they desire chastity, ) means, if they want to be chaste, which is the case with the majority of slave-girls. لِّتَبْتَغُواْ عَرَضَ الْحَيَوةِ الدُّنْيَا ( in order that you may make a gain in the goods of this worldly life. ) meaning, from the money they earn and their children.
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the money earned by the cupper, the prostitute and the fortune-teller.
According to another report:
«مَهْرُ الْبَغِيِّ خَبِيثٌ وَكَسْبُ الْحَجَّامِ خَبِيثٌ، وَثَمَنُ الْكَلْبِ خَبِيثٌ»
( The earnings of a prostitute are evil, the earnings of a cupper are evil, and the price of a dog is evil. ) وَمَن يُكْرِههُنَّ فِإِنَّ اللَّهِ مِن بَعْدِ إِكْرَاهِهِنَّ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( But if anyone compels them, then after such compulsion, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. ) meaning, towards them, as has already been stated in the Hadith narrated from Jabir.
Ibn Abi Talhah narrated that Ibn `Abbas said, "If you do that, then Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful, and their sin will be on the one who forced them to do that." This was also the view of Mujahid, `Ata' Al-Khurasani, Al-A`mash and Qatadah.
After explaining these rulings in detail, Allah says: وَلَقَدْ أَنْزَلْنَآ إِلَيْكُمْ ءَايَـتٍ مُّبَيِّنَـتٍ ( And indeed We have sent down for you Ayat that make things plain, ) meaning, in the Qur'an there are Ayat which are clear and explain matters in detail. وَمَثَلاً مِّنَ الَّذِينَ خَلَوْاْ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ ( and the example of those who passed away before you, ) means, reports about the nations of the past and what happened to them when they went against the commandments of Allah, as Allah says: فَجَعَلْنَـهُمْ سَلَفاً وَمَثَلاً لِّلاٌّخِرِينَ ( And We made them a precedent, and an example to later generations. ) 43:56; We made them a lesson, i.e., a rebuke for committing sin and forbidden deeds. لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ ( for those who have Taqwa.
) meaning, for those who remember and fear Allah.

(24:32) Arrange marriages between the single men and women among your *50 and between your slave men and slave women, who are righteous, *51 , *52 if they be indigent, Allah will provide means for them out of His bounty: *53 Allah has boundless resources and He is AllKnowing.

And marry the unmarried among you and meaning

*50) The word ayama is the plural of ayyim which means a single person, and is applicable to every tnan who is without a wife and to every woman who is without a husband.

*51) That is, those who show the right attitude in their dealings with you and in whom you find the capability of discharging the responsibilities of married life.
The owner whose slave dces not show the right attitude nor seems to possess the necessary capability and temper to lead a reasonably happy married life, has not been required to arrange his or her marriage.
For in that case he would become the cause of ruining another person's life.
This condition, however, has not been imposed on free persons because in their case the people who promote marriages are no more than mere advisers, associates and introducers.
The actual marriage depends on the mutual willingness of the bride and the bridegroom.
In the case of a slave, however, the entire responsibility lies on the owner, and if he makes the mistake of marrying a poor person with an ill-natured, ill-mannered spouse, the responsibility for the consequences will be entirely his.

*52) ..The imperative mood of the verb in " Arrange marriages ....
the right attitude ", has led some scholars to assume that it is obligatory to arrange such marriages; whereas the nature of the problem indicates that it cannot be so.
Obviously it cannot.
be obligatory for somebody to arrange the marriage of the other person.
Marriage is not a one-sided affair; it needs another party also.
If it were obligatory, what would be the position of the person who is going to be married? Should he willingly accept to be married wherever others arrange it? If so, it would mean that he or she had absolutely no choice in the matter.
And if the one has a right to refuse, how are the others going to discharge their responsibility? Taking aII these aspects into account the majority of the jurists have held that the Commandment is not obligatory but recommendatory.
The intention is that the Muslims should ensure that none in the society should retrain unmarried.
The people of the house, friends and neighbours, alI should take necessary interest in the matter, and where no such help is available, the state should make necessary arrangements.

*53) This dces not mean that AIIah will certainly bestow wealth on anybody who marries.
The intention is to discourage a calculative approach.
This instruction is both for the parents of the girl and of the boy.
The former should not reject a pious and virtuous suitor merely because he happens to be poor.
Similarly the boy's parents should not go on postponing his marriage because he is not yet a full earning member or is not yet earning sufficiently.
Young melt have been advised not to go on postponing their marriage unnecessarily waiting for better times Even if the income is not yet sufficient, one should marry with full faith in AIIah Very often the marriage itself becomes the cause of improving straitened circumstances.
The wife helps to control the family budget, or the husband starts to exert himself more to meet the new challenges and responsibilities.
The wife cap: also earn to supplement the family budget.
Then, who knows what the future holds in store for him.
Good times can change into bad times and bad into good.
One should therefore refrain from being too calculative in this regard.

 

The Command to marry These clear Ayat include a group of unambiguous rulings and firm commands. وَأَنْكِحُواْ الأَيَـمَى مِنْكُمْ ( And marry those among you who are single (Al-Ayama )....) This is a command to marry.
The Prophet said: «يَا مَعْشَرَ الشَّبَابِ، مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْكُمُ الْبَاءَةَ فَلْيَتَزَوَّجْ، فَإِنَّهُ أَغَضُّ لِلْبَصَرِ وَأَحْصَنُ لِلْفَرْجِ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَعَلَيْهِ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ لَهُ وِجَاءٌ» ( O young men, whoever among you can afford to get married, let him marry, for it is more effective in lowering the gaze and protecting the private parts.
Whoever cannot do that, then let him fast, for it is a protection for him. ) This was recorded in the Two Sahihs from the Hadith of Ibn Mas`ud.
In the Sunan, it was recorded from more than one person that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «تَزَوَّجُوا تَوَالَدُوا تَنَاسَلُوا فَإِنِّي مُبَاهٍ بِكُمُ الْأُمَمَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ» ( Marry and have children, for I will be proud of you before the nations on the Day of Resurrection. ) The word Al-Ayama, the plural form of Ayyim, is used to describe a woman who has no husband and a man who has no wife, regardless of whether they have been married and then separated, or have never been married at all.
Al-Jawhari reported this from the scholars of the ( Arabic ) language, and the word is applied to men and women alike. إِن يَكُونُواْ فُقَرَآءَ يُغْنِهِمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ ( If they be poor, Allah will enrich them out of His bounty. ) `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas: "Allah encouraged them to get married, commanded both free men and servants to get married, and He promised to enrich them." إِن يَكُونُواْ فُقَرَآءَ يُغْنِهِمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ ( If they be poor, Allah will enrich them out of His bounty. ) It was recorded that Ibn Mas`ud said: "Seek the richness through marriage, for Allah says: إِن يَكُونُواْ فُقَرَآءَ يُغْنِهِمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ ( If they be poor, Allah will enrich them out of His bounty. )" This was recorded by Ibn Jarir.
Al-Baghawi also recorded something similar from `Umar.
It was reported from Al-Layth from Muhammad bin `Ajlan from Sa`id Al-Maqburi from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «ثَلَاثَةٌ حَقٌّ عَلَى اللهِ عَوْنُهُمْ: النَّاكِحُ يُرِيدُ الْعَفَافَ، وَالْمُكَاتَبُ يُرِيدُ الْأَدَاءَ، وَالْغَازِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ» ( There are three whom it is a right upon Allah to help: one who gets married seeking chastity; a slave who makes a contract with his master with the aim of buying his freedom; and one who fights for the sake of Allah. ) This was recorded by Imam Ahmad, At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah.
The Prophet performed the marriage of a man who owned nothing but his waist wrap, and could not even buy a ring made of iron, but he still married him to that woman, making the Mahr his promise to teach her whatever he knew of the Qur'an.
And it is known from the generosity and kindness of Allah that He provided him with whatever was sufficient for her and for him. The Command to keep Oneself Chaste if One is not able to get married Allah's saying: وَلْيَسْتَعْفِفِ الَّذِينَ لاَ يَجِدُونَ نِكَاحاً حَتَّى يُغْنِيَهُمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ ( And let those who find not the financial means for marriage keep themselves chaste, until Allah enriches them of His bounty. ) This is a command from Allah to those who do not have the means to get married: they are to keep themselves chaste and avoid unlawful things, as the Prophet said: «يَا مَعْشَرَ الشَّبَابِ مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْكُمُ الْبَاءَةَ فَلْيَتَزَوَّجْ فَإِنَّهُ أَغَضُّ لِلْبَصَرِ وَأَحْصَنُ لِلْفَرْجِ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَعَلَيْهِ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ لَهُ وِجَاءٌ» ( O young men, whoever among you can afford to get married, let him marry, for it is more effective in lowering the gaze and protecting the private parts.
Whoever cannot do that, then let him fast, for it is a protection for him. ) This Ayah is general in meaning, and the Ayah in Surat An-Nisa' is more specific, where Allah says: وَمَن لَّمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنكُمْ طَوْلاً أَن يَنكِحَ الْمُحْصَنَـتِ ( And whoever of you have not the means wherewith to wed free believing women )until His statement; وَأَن تَصْبِرُواْ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ ( but it is better for you that you practise self-restraint ) 4:25 meaning, it is better for you to be patient and refrain from marrying slave-girl, because any child that is born will also be a slave. وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( and Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful ) 4:25. وَلْيَسْتَعْفِفِ الَّذِينَ لاَ يَجِدُونَ نِكَاحاً ( And let those who find not the financial means for marriage keep themselves chaste, ) `Ikrimah said, "This refers to a man who sees a woman and it is as if he feels desire; if he has a wife then let him go to her and fulfill his desire with her, and if he does not have a wife, then let him ponder the kingdom of heaven and earth until Allah grants him means of livelihood." The Command to grant Slaves a Contract of Emancipation وَالَّذِينَ يَبْتَغُونَ الْكِتَـبَ مِمَّا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَـنُكُمْ فَكَـتِبُوهُمْ إِنْ عَلِمُتُمْ فِيهِمْ خَيْراً ( And such of your servants as seek a writing (of emancipation ), give them such writing, if you find that there is good and honesty in them.) This is a command from Allah to slave-owners: if their servants ask them for a contract of emancipation, they should write it for them, provided that the servant has some skill and means of earning so that he can pay his master the money that is stipulated in the contract.
Al-Bukhari said: "Rawh narrated from Ibn Jurayj: `I said to `Ata', "If I know that my servant has money, is it obligatory for me to write him a contract of emancipation" He said, "I do not think it can be anything but obligatory." `Amr bin Dinar said: "I said to `Ata', `Are you narrating this from anybody' He said, `No,' then he told me that Musa bin Anas told him that Sirin, who had a lot of money, asked Anas for a contract of emancipation and he refused.
So he went to `Umar ( bin Al-Khattab ), may Allah be pleased with him, and he said, `Write it for him.' He refused, so `Umar hit him with his whip and recited, فَكَـتِبُوهُمْ إِنْ عَلِمُتُمْ فِيهِمْ خَيْراً ( give them such writing, if you find that there is good and honesty in them. )Then he wrote the contract." This was mentioned by Al-Bukhari with a disconnected chain of narration.
It was also narrated by `Abdur-Razzaq who said Ibn Jurayj told them: I said to `Ata', "If I know that my servant has some money, is it obligatory for me to write him a contract of emancipation" He said, `I do not think it can be anything but obligatory."' It was also said by `Amr bin Dinar who said, "I said to `Ata', `Are you narrating this from anybody' He said, `No."' Ibn Jarir recorded that Sirin wanted Anas bin Malik to write a contract of emancipation and he delayed, then `Umar said to him, "You should certainly write him a contract of emancipation." Its chain of narrators is Sahih.
Allah's saying: إِنْ عَلِمُتُمْ فِيهِمْ خَيْراً ( if you find that there is good and honesty in them. ) Some of them said ( this means ) trustworthiness.
Some said: "Honesty," and others said: "A skill and ability to earn." وَءَاتُوهُمْ مِّن مَّالِ اللَّهِ الَّذِى ءَاتَـكُمْ ( And give them something out of the wealth of Allah which He has bestowed upon you. ) This is the share of the wealth of Zakah that Allah stated to be their right.
This is the opinion of Al-Hasan, `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam and his father and Muqatil bin Hayyan.
It was also the opinion favored by Ibn Jarir. وَءَاتُوهُمْ مِّن مَّالِ اللَّهِ الَّذِى ءَاتَـكُمْ ( And give them something out of the wealth of Allah which He has bestowed upon you.
) Ibrahim An-Nakha`i said, "This is urging the people, their masters and others." This was also the view of Buraydah bin Al-Husayb Al-Aslami and Qatadah.
Ibn `Abbas said: "Allah commanded the believers to help in freeing slaves." The Prohibition of forcing One's Slave-Girls to commit Zina ®257 ؛ Allah's saying: وَلاَ تُكْرِهُواْ فَتَيَـتِكُمْ عَلَى الْبِغَآءِ ( And force not your slave-girls to prostitution... ) Among the people of the Jahiliyyah, there were some who, if he had a slave-girl, he would send her out to commit Zina and would charge money for that, which he would take from her every time.
When Islam came, Allah forbade the believers to do that.
The reason why this Ayah was revealed, according to the reports of a number of earlier and later scholars of Tafsir, had to do with `Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul.
He had slave-girls whom he used to force into prostitution so that he could take their earnings and because he wanted them to have children which would enhance his status, or so he claimed. Reports narrated on this Topic In his Musnad, Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr Ahmad bin `Amr bin `Abd Al-Khaliq Al-Bazzar, may Allah have mercy on him, recorded that Az-Zuhri said, "`Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul had a slave-girl whose name was Mu`adhah, whom he forced into prostitution.
When Islam came, the Ayah وَلاَ تُكْرِهُواْ فَتَيَـتِكُمْ عَلَى الْبِغَآءِ ( And force not your slave-girls to prostitution... ) was revealed." Al-A`mash narrated from Abu Sufyan that Jabir said concerning this Ayah, "This was revealed about a slave-girl belonging to `Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul whose name was Musaykah.
He used to force her to commit immoral actions, but there was nothing wrong with her and she refused.
Then Allah revealed this Ayah: وَلاَ تُكْرِهُواْ فَتَيَـتِكُمْ عَلَى الْبِغَآءِ ( And force not your slave-girls to prostitution, ) until His saying; وَمَن يُكْرِههُنَّ فِإِنَّ اللَّهِ مِن بَعْدِ إِكْرَاهِهِنَّ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( But if anyone compels them, then after such compulsion, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. )" An-Nasa'i also recorded something similar.
Muqatil bin Hayyan said, "I heard -- and Allah knows best -- that this Ayah was revealed about two men who used to force two slave-girls of theirs ( into prostitution ).
One of them was called Musaykah who belonged to the Ansari, and Umaymah the mother of Musaykah belonged to `Abdullah bin Ubayy.
Mu`adhah and Arwa were in the same situation.
Then Musaykah and her mother came to the Prophet and told him about that.
Then Allah revealed: وَلاَ تُكْرِهُواْ فَتَيَـتِكُمْ عَلَى الْبِغَآءِ ( And force not your slave-girls to prostitution ), meaning Zina. إِنْ أَرَدْنَ تَحَصُّناً ( if they desire chastity, ) means, if they want to be chaste, which is the case with the majority of slave-girls. لِّتَبْتَغُواْ عَرَضَ الْحَيَوةِ الدُّنْيَا ( in order that you may make a gain in the goods of this worldly life. ) meaning, from the money they earn and their children.
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the money earned by the cupper, the prostitute and the fortune-teller.
According to another report: «مَهْرُ الْبَغِيِّ خَبِيثٌ وَكَسْبُ الْحَجَّامِ خَبِيثٌ، وَثَمَنُ الْكَلْبِ خَبِيثٌ» ( The earnings of a prostitute are evil, the earnings of a cupper are evil, and the price of a dog is evil. ) وَمَن يُكْرِههُنَّ فِإِنَّ اللَّهِ مِن بَعْدِ إِكْرَاهِهِنَّ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ( But if anyone compels them, then after such compulsion, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. ) meaning, towards them, as has already been stated in the Hadith narrated from Jabir.
Ibn Abi Talhah narrated that Ibn `Abbas said, "If you do that, then Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful, and their sin will be on the one who forced them to do that." This was also the view of Mujahid, `Ata' Al-Khurasani, Al-A`mash and Qatadah.
After explaining these rulings in detail, Allah says: وَلَقَدْ أَنْزَلْنَآ إِلَيْكُمْ ءَايَـتٍ مُّبَيِّنَـتٍ ( And indeed We have sent down for you Ayat that make things plain, ) meaning, in the Qur'an there are Ayat which are clear and explain matters in detail. وَمَثَلاً مِّنَ الَّذِينَ خَلَوْاْ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ ( and the example of those who passed away before you, ) means, reports about the nations of the past and what happened to them when they went against the commandments of Allah, as Allah says: فَجَعَلْنَـهُمْ سَلَفاً وَمَثَلاً لِّلاٌّخِرِينَ ( And We made them a precedent, and an example to later generations. ) 43:56; We made them a lesson, i.e., a rebuke for committing sin and forbidden deeds. لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ ( for those who have Taqwa.
) meaning, for those who remember and fear Allah.

Then Allah guided them to marry their boys and girls, brothers and sisters, who do not have spouses, saying: ( And marry such of you as are solitary ) your daughters and sisters; and it is said that this means: your children and brothers and sisters who are still unmarried ( and the pious of your slaves and maid servants ) and also get your pious slave men and women married. ( If they ) i.e. those who are free ( be poor; Allah will enrich them of His bounty ) of His provision. ( Allah is of ample means ) He provides for both those who are free as well as for the slaves, ( Aware ) and He is Aware of the provision of all of them.

And marry those among you who are single (i.e. a man who has no wife and the woman who has no husband) and (also marry) the Salihun (pious, fit and capable ones) of your (male) slaves and maid-servants (female slaves). If they be poor, Allah will enrich them out of His Bounty. And Allah is All-Sufficent for His creatures' needs, All-Knowing (about the state of the people).

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