Surah Rum ayat 52 Tafsir Quran 30:52

﴿فَإِنَّكَ لَا تُسْمِعُ الْمَوْتَىٰ وَلَا تُسْمِعُ الصُّمَّ الدُّعَاءَ إِذَا وَلَّوْا مُدْبِرِينَ﴾
[ الروم: 52]

30:52 So indeed, you will not make the dead hear, nor will you make the deaf hear the call when they turn their backs, retreating.

And so you cannot make the dead hear nor can you make the deaf hear the call when read al-du‘ā’a idhā pronouncing both hamzas or by not pronouncing the second one that comes between it and the yā’ they go away with their backs turned.

And so, you just shall not be able O Muhammad to make your voice reach the spiritually dead nor shall you be able to make it reach the worthless who counsel deaf and do not open their hearts ears when they turn their backs

The Disbelievers are like the Dead, Deaf and Blind Allah says, `just as you are not able to make the dead hear in their graves, or to make your words reach the deaf who cannot hear and who still turn away from you, so too you cannot guide the blind to the truth and bring them back from their misguidance.' That is a matter which rests with Allah, for by His power He can make the dead hear the voices of the living if He wills.
He guides whom He wills and sends astray whom He wills, and no one but He has the power to do this.
Allah says: إِن تُسْمِعُ إِلاَّ مَن يُؤْمِنُ بِـَايَـتِنَا فَهُم مُّسْلِمُونَ ( you can make to hear only those who believe in Our Ayat, and have submitted (to Allah in Islam ).) means, those who are humble and who respond and obey.
These are the ones who will listen to the truth and follow it; this is the state of the believers; the former ( being deaf and blind ) is the state of the disbelievers, as Allah says: إِنَّمَا يَسْتَجِيبُ الَّذِينَ يَسْمَعُونَ وَالْمَوْتَى يَبْعَثُهُمُ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ ( It is only those who listen will respond, but as for the dead, Allah will raise them up, then to Him they will be returned. ) ( 6:36 ) `A'ishah, the Mother of the faithful, may Allah be pleased with her, used this Ayah -- إِنَّكَ لاَ تُسْمِعُ الْمَوْتَى ( So verily, you cannot make the dead to hear ) as evidence against `Abdullah bin `Umar when he reported that the Prophet had addressed the slain disbelievers who had been thrown into a dry well three days after the battle of Badr, rebuking and reprimanding them, until `Umar said, "O Messenger of Allah, are you addressing people who are dead bodies" He said:
«وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا أَنْتُمْ بِأَسْمَعَ لِمَا أَقُولُ مِنْهُمْ، وَلَكِنْ لَا يُجِيبُون»
( By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, you do not hear what I say any better than they do, but they cannot respond. ) s`A'ishah interpreted this event to mean that the Prophet was making the point that now they would know that what he had been telling them was true.
Qatadah said: "Allah brought them back to life for him so that they could hear what he said by way of rebuke and vengeance."

(30:52) (O Prophet), you cannot make the dead hear, *76 nor can you make the deaf hear your call when they turn back in retreat, *77

So indeed, you will not make the meaning

*76) That is, those whose consciences have become dead, whose moral selves have become devoid of life, whose self-worship and stubbornness and obstinacy have destroyed their capacity to understand and accept the Truth.

*77) " The deaf " : those who have put locks on their minds and hearts so that they do not understand anything although they hear everything; then, when such people also try that the message of the Truth should not at all eater their ears, and they should avoid and keep away from the inviter, nobody can make them hear and understand anything.

 

The Disbelievers are like the Dead, Deaf and Blind Allah says, `just as you are not able to make the dead hear in their graves, or to make your words reach the deaf who cannot hear and who still turn away from you, so too you cannot guide the blind to the truth and bring them back from their misguidance.' That is a matter which rests with Allah, for by His power He can make the dead hear the voices of the living if He wills.
He guides whom He wills and sends astray whom He wills, and no one but He has the power to do this.
Allah says: إِن تُسْمِعُ إِلاَّ مَن يُؤْمِنُ بِـَايَـتِنَا فَهُم مُّسْلِمُونَ ( you can make to hear only those who believe in Our Ayat, and have submitted (to Allah in Islam ).) means, those who are humble and who respond and obey.
These are the ones who will listen to the truth and follow it; this is the state of the believers; the former ( being deaf and blind ) is the state of the disbelievers, as Allah says: إِنَّمَا يَسْتَجِيبُ الَّذِينَ يَسْمَعُونَ وَالْمَوْتَى يَبْعَثُهُمُ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ ( It is only those who listen will respond, but as for the dead, Allah will raise them up, then to Him they will be returned. ) ( 6:36 ) `A'ishah, the Mother of the faithful, may Allah be pleased with her, used this Ayah -- إِنَّكَ لاَ تُسْمِعُ الْمَوْتَى ( So verily, you cannot make the dead to hear ) as evidence against `Abdullah bin `Umar when he reported that the Prophet had addressed the slain disbelievers who had been thrown into a dry well three days after the battle of Badr, rebuking and reprimanding them, until `Umar said, "O Messenger of Allah, are you addressing people who are dead bodies" He said: «وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا أَنْتُمْ بِأَسْمَعَ لِمَا أَقُولُ مِنْهُمْ، وَلَكِنْ لَا يُجِيبُون» ( By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, you do not hear what I say any better than they do, but they cannot respond. ) s`A'ishah interpreted this event to mean that the Prophet was making the point that now they would know that what he had been telling them was true.
Qatadah said: "Allah brought them back to life for him so that they could hear what he said by way of rebuke and vengeance."

( For verily thou (Muhammad ) canst not make the dead to hear) you cannot make someone who is like a dead man hear, ( nor canst thou make the deaf ) the person who pretends to be deaf ( to hear the call ) your call to the Truth and guidance ( when they have turned to flee ) from the Truth and guidance.

So verily, you (O Muhammad SAW) cannot make the dead to hear (i.e. the disbelievers, etc.), nor can you make the deaf to hear the call, when they show their backs, turning away.

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