Surah Furqan ayat 53 Tafsir Quran 25:53

﴿۞ وَهُوَ الَّذِي مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ هَٰذَا عَذْبٌ فُرَاتٌ وَهَٰذَا مِلْحٌ أُجَاجٌ وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخًا وَحِجْرًا مَّحْجُورًا﴾
[ الفرقان: 53]

25:53 And it is He who has released [simultaneously] the two seas, one fresh and sweet and one salty and bitter, and He placed between them a barrier and prohibiting partition.

And He it is Who merged the two seas letting them flow one adjacent to the other this one palatable sweet and the other saltish bitter; and He set between the two an isthmus so that the one does not mix with the other and a forbidding ban a shield that prevents the two from becoming mixed.

And He is it Who sent the waters of the two seas flowing together, one fresh and sweet and the other salty and bitter and between both He installed an invisible partition which serves as an impassable barrier (the fresh water floats above the salty and there are laws that govern the separation and the depth)

The universality of the Prophet's Message, how He was supported in His Mission and Allah's Blessings to Mankind Allah says: وَلَوْ شِئْنَا لَبَعَثْنَا فِى كُلِّ قَرْيَةٍ نَّذِيراً ( And had We willed, We would have raised a warner in every town. ) `Calling them to Allah, but We have singled you out, O Muhammad, to be sent to all the people of earth, and We have commanded you to convey the Qur'an,' لاٌّنذِرَكُمْ بِهِ وَمَن بَلَغَ ( that I may therewith warn you and whomsoever it may reach ) ( 6:19 ). وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِهِ مِنَ الاٌّحْزَابِ فَالنَّارُ مَوْعِدُهُ ( but those of the sects that reject it, the Fire will be their promised meeting place ) ( 11:17 ). لِّتُنذِرَ أُمَّ الْقُرَى وَمَنْ حَوْلَهَا ( that you may warn the Mother of the Towns and all around it ) ( 42:7 ). قُلْ يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعًا ( Say: "O mankind! Verily, I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah..." ) ( 7:158 ).
In the Two Sahihs ( it is reported that the Prophet said: )
«بُعِثْتُ إِلَى الْأَحْمَرِ وَالْأَسْوَد»
( I have been sent to the red and the black.
) And:
«وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ يُبْعَثُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ خَاصَّةً، وَبُعِثْتُ إِلَى النَّاسِ عَامَّة»
( ...A Prophet would be sent to his own people, but I have been sent to all of mankind. ) Allah says: فَلاَ تُطِعِ الْكَـفِرِينَ وَجَـهِدْهُمْ بِهِ ( So obey not the disbelievers, but strive hard against them with it. ) meaning, with the Qur'an.
This was the view of Ibn `Abbas. جِهَاداً كَبيراً ( with the utmost endeavour. ) This is like the Ayah, يَأَيُّهَا النَّبِىُّ جَـهِدِ الْكُفَّـرَ وَالْمُنَـفِقِينَ ( O Prophet! Strive hard against the disbelievers and the hypocrites, ) ( 9:73 ) وَهُوَ الَّذِى مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ هَـذَا عَذْبٌ فُرَاتٌ وَهَـذَا مِلْحٌ أُجَاجٌ ( And it is He Who has let free the two seas, this is palatable and sweet, and that is salty and bitter; ) means, He has created the two kinds of water, sweet and salty.
The sweet water is like that in rivers, springs and wells, which is fresh, sweet, palatable water.
This was the view of Ibn Jurayj and of Ibn Jarir, and this is the meaning without a doubt, for nowhere in creation is there a sea which is fresh and sweet.
Allah has told us about reality so that His servants may realize His blessings to them and give thanks to Him.
The sweet water is that which flows amidst people.
Allah has portioned it out among His creatures according to their needs; rivers and springs in every land, according to what they need for themselves and their lands. وَهَـذَا مِلْحٌ أُجَاجٌ ( and that is salty and bitter; ) meaning that it is salty, bitter and not easy to swallow.
This is like the seas that are known in the east and the west, the Atlantic Ocean and the Straits that lead to it, the Red Sea, the Arabian Sea, the Persian Gulf, the China Sea, the Indian Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea and so on, all the seas that are stable and do not flow, but they swell and surge in the winter and when the winds are strong, and they have tides that ebb and flow.
At the beginning of each month the tides ebb and flood, and when the month starts to wane they retreat until they go back to where they started.
When the crescent of the following month appears, the tide begins to ebb again until the fourteenth of the month, then it decreases.
Allah, may He be glorified, the One Whose power is absolute, has set these laws in motion, so all of these seas are stationary, and He has made their water salty lest the air turn putrid because of them and the whole earth turn rotten as a result, and lest the earth spoil because of the animals dying on it.
Because its water is salty, its air is healthy and its dead are good ( to eat ), hence when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked whether sea water can be used for Wudu', he said:
«هُوَ الطَّهُورُ مَاؤُهُ، الْحِلُّ مَيْتَتُه»
( Its water is pure and its dead are lawful. ) This was recorded by Malik, Ash-Shafi`i and Ahmad, and by the scholars of Sunan with a good Jayyid chain of narration. وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخاً وَحِجْراً ( and He has set a barrier and a complete partition between them.
) meaning, between the sweet water and the saltwater. بَرْزَخاً ( a barrier ) means a partition, which is dry land. وَحِجْراً مَّحْجُوراً ( and a complete partition ) means, a barrier, to prevent one of them from reaching the other.
This is like the Ayat: مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ يَلْتَقِيَانِ - بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخٌ لاَّ يَبْغِيَانِ فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ ( He has let loose the two seas meeting together.
Between them is a barrier which none of them can transgress.
Then which of the blessings of your Lord will you both deny ) ( 55:19-21 ) أَمَّن جَعَلَ الاٌّرْضَ قَرَاراً وَجَعَلَ خِلاَلَهَآ أَنْهَاراً وَجَعَلَ لَهَا رَوَاسِىَ وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ حَاجِزاً أَءِلـهٌ مَّعَ اللهِ بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ ( Is not He Who has made the earth as a fixed abode, and has placed rivers in its midst, and placed firm mountains therein, and set a barrier between the two seas Is there any god with Allah Nay, but most of them know not! ) ( 27:61 ) وَهُوَ الَّذِى خَلَقَ مِنَ الْمَآءِ بَشَراً ( And it is He Who has created man from water, ) means, He created man from a weak Nutfah, then gave him shape and formed him, and completed his form, male and female, as He willed. فَجَعَلَهُ نَسَباً وَصِهْراً ( and has appointed for him kindred by blood, and kindred by marriage. ) in the beginning, he is someone's child, then he gets married and becomes a son-in-law, then he himself has sons-in-law and other relatives through marriage.
All of this comes from a despised liquid, Allah says: وَكَانَ رَبُّكَ قَدِيراً ( And your Lord is Ever All-Powerful to do what He wills. )

(25:53) And it is He, Who has let loose the two seas, one palatable and sweet, the other bitter and saltish, and there is a partition between them, which is an insurmountable barrier. *68

And it is He who has released meaning

*68) This phenomenon has been perceived in many places in the sea and on the land that sweet water and bitter water has existed side by side.
Turkish Admiral Syedi Ali Ra'is, in his book Mir 'at-al-Mamalik, written in the 16th century, has mentioned a place in the Persian Gulf, where springs of sweet waver exist under the bitter waters of the sea, where he could get drinking water for his fleet.
The American Oil Company at first obtained water from the same springs in the Persian Gulf, before they dug up wells near Dhahran for supply of drinking water.
Near Bahrain also there exist springs of sweet water at the sea bed from which people have been taking water until quite recently.
Besides this apparent meaning which gives a rational proof of Allah's being the One and the only Lord of the universe, the verse contains a subtle suggestion as well: When Allah wills, He can raise up a righteous community from among a large wicked society just as He can cause springs of palatable and sweet water to gush out from under the salty waters of the sea.

 

The universality of the Prophet's Message, how He was supported in His Mission and Allah's Blessings to Mankind Allah says: وَلَوْ شِئْنَا لَبَعَثْنَا فِى كُلِّ قَرْيَةٍ نَّذِيراً ( And had We willed, We would have raised a warner in every town. ) `Calling them to Allah, but We have singled you out, O Muhammad, to be sent to all the people of earth, and We have commanded you to convey the Qur'an,' لاٌّنذِرَكُمْ بِهِ وَمَن بَلَغَ ( that I may therewith warn you and whomsoever it may reach ) ( 6:19 ). وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِهِ مِنَ الاٌّحْزَابِ فَالنَّارُ مَوْعِدُهُ ( but those of the sects that reject it, the Fire will be their promised meeting place ) ( 11:17 ). لِّتُنذِرَ أُمَّ الْقُرَى وَمَنْ حَوْلَهَا ( that you may warn the Mother of the Towns and all around it ) ( 42:7 ). قُلْ يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعًا ( Say: "O mankind! Verily, I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah..." ) ( 7:158 ).
In the Two Sahihs ( it is reported that the Prophet said: ) «بُعِثْتُ إِلَى الْأَحْمَرِ وَالْأَسْوَد» ( I have been sent to the red and the black.
) And: «وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ يُبْعَثُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ خَاصَّةً، وَبُعِثْتُ إِلَى النَّاسِ عَامَّة» ( ...A Prophet would be sent to his own people, but I have been sent to all of mankind. ) Allah says: فَلاَ تُطِعِ الْكَـفِرِينَ وَجَـهِدْهُمْ بِهِ ( So obey not the disbelievers, but strive hard against them with it. ) meaning, with the Qur'an.
This was the view of Ibn `Abbas. جِهَاداً كَبيراً ( with the utmost endeavour. ) This is like the Ayah, يَأَيُّهَا النَّبِىُّ جَـهِدِ الْكُفَّـرَ وَالْمُنَـفِقِينَ ( O Prophet! Strive hard against the disbelievers and the hypocrites, ) ( 9:73 ) وَهُوَ الَّذِى مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ هَـذَا عَذْبٌ فُرَاتٌ وَهَـذَا مِلْحٌ أُجَاجٌ ( And it is He Who has let free the two seas, this is palatable and sweet, and that is salty and bitter; ) means, He has created the two kinds of water, sweet and salty.
The sweet water is like that in rivers, springs and wells, which is fresh, sweet, palatable water.
This was the view of Ibn Jurayj and of Ibn Jarir, and this is the meaning without a doubt, for nowhere in creation is there a sea which is fresh and sweet.
Allah has told us about reality so that His servants may realize His blessings to them and give thanks to Him.
The sweet water is that which flows amidst people.
Allah has portioned it out among His creatures according to their needs; rivers and springs in every land, according to what they need for themselves and their lands. وَهَـذَا مِلْحٌ أُجَاجٌ ( and that is salty and bitter; ) meaning that it is salty, bitter and not easy to swallow.
This is like the seas that are known in the east and the west, the Atlantic Ocean and the Straits that lead to it, the Red Sea, the Arabian Sea, the Persian Gulf, the China Sea, the Indian Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea and so on, all the seas that are stable and do not flow, but they swell and surge in the winter and when the winds are strong, and they have tides that ebb and flow.
At the beginning of each month the tides ebb and flood, and when the month starts to wane they retreat until they go back to where they started.
When the crescent of the following month appears, the tide begins to ebb again until the fourteenth of the month, then it decreases.
Allah, may He be glorified, the One Whose power is absolute, has set these laws in motion, so all of these seas are stationary, and He has made their water salty lest the air turn putrid because of them and the whole earth turn rotten as a result, and lest the earth spoil because of the animals dying on it.
Because its water is salty, its air is healthy and its dead are good ( to eat ), hence when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked whether sea water can be used for Wudu', he said: «هُوَ الطَّهُورُ مَاؤُهُ، الْحِلُّ مَيْتَتُه» ( Its water is pure and its dead are lawful. ) This was recorded by Malik, Ash-Shafi`i and Ahmad, and by the scholars of Sunan with a good Jayyid chain of narration. وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخاً وَحِجْراً ( and He has set a barrier and a complete partition between them.
) meaning, between the sweet water and the saltwater. بَرْزَخاً ( a barrier ) means a partition, which is dry land. وَحِجْراً مَّحْجُوراً ( and a complete partition ) means, a barrier, to prevent one of them from reaching the other.
This is like the Ayat: مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ يَلْتَقِيَانِ - بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخٌ لاَّ يَبْغِيَانِ فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ ( He has let loose the two seas meeting together.
Between them is a barrier which none of them can transgress.
Then which of the blessings of your Lord will you both deny ) ( 55:19-21 ) أَمَّن جَعَلَ الاٌّرْضَ قَرَاراً وَجَعَلَ خِلاَلَهَآ أَنْهَاراً وَجَعَلَ لَهَا رَوَاسِىَ وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ حَاجِزاً أَءِلـهٌ مَّعَ اللهِ بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ ( Is not He Who has made the earth as a fixed abode, and has placed rivers in its midst, and placed firm mountains therein, and set a barrier between the two seas Is there any god with Allah Nay, but most of them know not! ) ( 27:61 ) وَهُوَ الَّذِى خَلَقَ مِنَ الْمَآءِ بَشَراً ( And it is He Who has created man from water, ) means, He created man from a weak Nutfah, then gave him shape and formed him, and completed his form, male and female, as He willed. فَجَعَلَهُ نَسَباً وَصِهْراً ( and has appointed for him kindred by blood, and kindred by marriage. ) in the beginning, he is someone's child, then he gets married and becomes a son-in-law, then he himself has sons-in-law and other relatives through marriage.
All of this comes from a despised liquid, Allah says: وَكَانَ رَبُّكَ قَدِيراً ( And your Lord is Ever All-Powerful to do what He wills. )

( And He it is Who hath given independence to the two seas (though they meet ); one palatable, sweet, and the other saltish, bitter; and hath set a bar) a barrier between the sweet and the salty ( and a forbidding ban between them ) preventing either one from transgressing against the other, such as to make the taste of either of them change.

And it is He Who has let free the two seas (kinds of water), one palatable and sweet, and the other salt and bitter, and He has set a barrier and a complete partition between them.

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