Surah Maryam ayat 15 Tafsir Quran 19:15

﴿وَسَلَامٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَيَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَيَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَيًّا﴾
[ مريم: 15]

19:15 And peace be upon him the day he was born and the day he dies and the day he is raised alive.

‘And peace from Us be upon him the day he was born and the day he dies and the day he shall be raised alive!’ that is on those fearful days in which he sees what he will never have seen before — in these he will be given security from fear.

And with peace and truth did his birth ever shine; peace be unto him at the encounter with death and in Day of Judgement when he is restored to life

The Birth of the Boy and His Characteristics This also implies what is not mentioned, that this promised boy was born and he was Yahya.
There is also the implication that Allah taught him the Book, the Tawrah which they used to study among themselves.
The Prophets who were sent to the Jews used to rule according to the Tawrah, as did the scholars and rabbis among them.
He was still young in age when Allah gave him this knowledge.
This is the reason that Allah mentioned it.
Because of how Allah favored him and his parents, He says, ييَحْيَى خُذِ الْكِتَـبَ بِقُوَّةٍ ( O Yahya! Hold fast to the Scripture the Tawrah. ) Means, "Learn the Book with strength." In other words, learn it well, with zeal and studious effort. وَآتَيْنَاهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيّاً ( And We gave him wisdom while yet a child. ) This means he was given understanding, knowledge, fortitude, diligence and zeal for good and the pursuit of good.
He was blessed with these characteristics even though he was young.
Allah said, وَحَنَانًا مِّن لَّدُنَّا ( And (made him ) Hananan from Us,) 19:13 Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said, وَحَنَانًا مِّن لَّدُنَّا ( And Hananan from Us, ) "This means mercy from Us." `Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak all said the same.
Ad-Dahhak added, "Mercy that no one would be able to give except Us." Qatadah added, "With it, Allah had mercy upon Zakariyya." Mujahid said, وَحَنَانًا مِّن لَّدُنَّا ( And Hananan from Us, ) "This was gentleness from His Lord upon him." The apparent meaning is that Allah's statement Hananan ( affection, compassion ) is directly related to His statement, وَآتَيْنَاهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيّاً ( and We gave him wisdom while yet a child. ) meaning, "We gave him wisdom, compassion and purity." This means that he was a compassionate man, who was righteous.
Hanan means the love for affection and tenderness ( towards others ).
Concerning Allah's statement, وَزَكَوةً ( and Zakatan, ) This is related to His statement, وَحَنَانًا ( And Hananan ) The word Zakah means purity from filth, wickedness and sins.
Qatadah said, "The word Zakah means the righteous deed." Ad-Dahhak and Ibn Jurayj both said, "The righteous deed is the pure ( Zakah ) deed." Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said, وَزَكَوةً ( and Zakatan, ) "This means that he was a blessing." وَكَانَ تَقِيًّا ( and he was pious. )19:13 meaning that he was pure and had no inclination to do sins.
Allah said; وَبَرًّا بِوَلِدَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَكُن جَبَّاراً عَصِيّاً ( And dutiful to his parents, and he was not arrogant or disobedient. ) After Allah mentioned Yahya's obedience to his Lord and that Allah created him full of mercy, purity and piety, He attached to it his obedience to his parents and his good treatment of them.
Allah mentioned that he refrained from disobeying them in speech, actions, commands and prohibitions.
Due to this Allah says, وَلَمْ يَكُن جَبَّاراً عَصِيّاً ( and he was not arrogant or disobedient. ) Then, after mentioning these beautiful characteristics, Allah mentions his reward for this, وَسَلَـمٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَيَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَيَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَياً ( And Salam (peace ) be on him the day he was born, and the day he dies, and the day he will be raised up to life ( again )!) This means that he had security and safety in these three circumstances.
Sufyan bin `Uyaynah said, "The loneliest that a man will ever feel is in three situations.
The first situation is on the day that he is born, when he sees himself coming out of what he was in.
The second situation is on the day that he dies, when he sees people that he will not see anymore.
The third situation is on the day when he is resurrected, when he sees himself in the great gathering.
Allah has exclusively honored Yahya, the son of Zakariyya, by granting him peace in these situations.
Allah says, وَسَلَـمٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَيَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَيَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَياً ( And Salam (peace ) be on him the day he was born, and the day he dies, and the day he will be raised up to life ( again )!) This narration was reported by Ibn Jarir, from Ahmad bin Mansur Al-Marwazi, from Sadaqah bin Al-Fadl, from Sufyan bin `Uyaynah.

(19:15) Peace was on him on the day he was born and on the day he died, and peace shall be on him on the day he will be _raised to life. *12

And peace be upon him the day meaning

*12) In order to have a fuller understanding of the Mission and the pure character of Prophet John, about which brief references have been made in this Surah and Surah Al-i-`Imran, it will be useful to study this story as given in different Books of the New Testament in the following order:
According to Luke, Prophet John was older than Prophet Jesus by six months and their mothers were cousins.
He was appointed a Prophet at the age of 30 years, and according to the Gospel of John, he started his mission of inviting the people toward God in Jordan.
He would say: " I am the voice of one crying in the wilderness.
Make straight the way of the Lord. " ( John, I: 23 )
According to Mark, " John did baptize in the wilderness, and preach the baptizm of repentance for the remission of sins.
And there went out unto him all the land of Judaea, and they of Jerusalem, and were all baptized of him in the river of Jordan, confessing their sins. " ( Mark, I: 45 ).
He thus came to be known as John the Baptist, and the Israelites held him as a prophet.
( Mat.
21: 26 ).
Prophet Jesus said about John: " Among them that are born of women there hath not risen a man greater than John the Baptist. " ( Mat.
11 : 11 )
" John had his raiment of camel's hair, and a leather girdle about his loins; and his meat was locusts and wild honey. " ( Mat.
3: 4 ).
He would say: " Repent ye: for the kingdom of heaven is at hand. " ( Mat.
3: 2 ).
By this he meant that very soon Prophet Jesus was going to start his Mission of Prophethood.
The same thing has been said about him in the Qur'an: " .
.
.
he ( John ) will come to confirm a Command from Allah. " ( III: 39 ).
For the same reason he has been called `a sign of or pointer to' Prophet Jesus.

He urged the people to observe the Fast and Prayers.
( Mat.
9: 14, Luke, 5: 33, I1: 1 ).
He would also tell them, " .
.
.
He that hath two coats, let him -impart to him that hath none; and he that hath meat, let him do likewise. " ( Luke 3: 11 ).
When the tax-collectors asked, " Master, what shall we do? " He said unto them, " Exact no more than that what is appointed you. " ( 12-13 ), and when the soldiers sought his guidance, he said: " Do violence to no man, neither accuse any falsely; and be content with your wages. " ( Luke, 3: 14 )'
When the corrupt scholars, Pharisees and Sadducees of the Israelites, came to be baptized by him, he rebuked them, saying: " O generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come?..think not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham to our father...
now also the axe is laid unto the root of the trees: therefore every tree which bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire. " ( Mat-3 :7-10 )
The Jewish ruler of his time, Herod Antipas, in whose tetrarchy he was performing his Mission of inviting the people to the Truth, had been so deeply influenced by the Roman civilization that he was causing sin and evil to spread freely in the land.
He had kept Herodias, his brother Philip's wife, unlawfully in his house; when Prophet John reproved him for this and raised his voice against other evils being committed by him, Herod got him arrested and sent to jail.
However, he held him in high esteem for his piety and righteousness and even feared him on account of the great respect he enjoyed among the people.
On the contrary, Herodias thought that the moral consciousness that Prophet John was producing among the people was directly aimed at women like herself and pulling them down in the public eye.
Thus she nursed a grudge against him and would have him killed but could not.
Soon an opportunity came her way.
On the birthday banquet of Herod, her daughter danced and so delighted Herod and others that the king said to her, 'Ask of me whatsoever thou wilt, and I will give it thee.' The girl asked her mother what she should ask for.
The mother said, `Ask for the head of John the Baptist.' The girl went back to the king and requested to have there and then the head of John the Baptist on a dish.
Herod felt sorry to hear this, but could not reject the demand of the daughter of his beloved.
He at once got Prophet John killed in the prison and presented his head on a dish to the dancing girl.
( Mat.
14: 3-12, Mark, 6 :17-29, Luke, 3 :19-20 ).

 

The Birth of the Boy and His Characteristics This also implies what is not mentioned, that this promised boy was born and he was Yahya.
There is also the implication that Allah taught him the Book, the Tawrah which they used to study among themselves.
The Prophets who were sent to the Jews used to rule according to the Tawrah, as did the scholars and rabbis among them.
He was still young in age when Allah gave him this knowledge.
This is the reason that Allah mentioned it.
Because of how Allah favored him and his parents, He says, ييَحْيَى خُذِ الْكِتَـبَ بِقُوَّةٍ ( O Yahya! Hold fast to the Scripture the Tawrah. ) Means, "Learn the Book with strength." In other words, learn it well, with zeal and studious effort. وَآتَيْنَاهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيّاً ( And We gave him wisdom while yet a child. ) This means he was given understanding, knowledge, fortitude, diligence and zeal for good and the pursuit of good.
He was blessed with these characteristics even though he was young.
Allah said, وَحَنَانًا مِّن لَّدُنَّا ( And (made him ) Hananan from Us,) 19:13 Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said, وَحَنَانًا مِّن لَّدُنَّا ( And Hananan from Us, ) "This means mercy from Us." `Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak all said the same.
Ad-Dahhak added, "Mercy that no one would be able to give except Us." Qatadah added, "With it, Allah had mercy upon Zakariyya." Mujahid said, وَحَنَانًا مِّن لَّدُنَّا ( And Hananan from Us, ) "This was gentleness from His Lord upon him." The apparent meaning is that Allah's statement Hananan ( affection, compassion ) is directly related to His statement, وَآتَيْنَاهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيّاً ( and We gave him wisdom while yet a child. ) meaning, "We gave him wisdom, compassion and purity." This means that he was a compassionate man, who was righteous.
Hanan means the love for affection and tenderness ( towards others ).
Concerning Allah's statement, وَزَكَوةً ( and Zakatan, ) This is related to His statement, وَحَنَانًا ( And Hananan ) The word Zakah means purity from filth, wickedness and sins.
Qatadah said, "The word Zakah means the righteous deed." Ad-Dahhak and Ibn Jurayj both said, "The righteous deed is the pure ( Zakah ) deed." Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said, وَزَكَوةً ( and Zakatan, ) "This means that he was a blessing." وَكَانَ تَقِيًّا ( and he was pious. )19:13 meaning that he was pure and had no inclination to do sins.
Allah said; وَبَرًّا بِوَلِدَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَكُن جَبَّاراً عَصِيّاً ( And dutiful to his parents, and he was not arrogant or disobedient. ) After Allah mentioned Yahya's obedience to his Lord and that Allah created him full of mercy, purity and piety, He attached to it his obedience to his parents and his good treatment of them.
Allah mentioned that he refrained from disobeying them in speech, actions, commands and prohibitions.
Due to this Allah says, وَلَمْ يَكُن جَبَّاراً عَصِيّاً ( and he was not arrogant or disobedient. ) Then, after mentioning these beautiful characteristics, Allah mentions his reward for this, وَسَلَـمٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَيَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَيَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَياً ( And Salam (peace ) be on him the day he was born, and the day he dies, and the day he will be raised up to life ( again )!) This means that he had security and safety in these three circumstances.
Sufyan bin `Uyaynah said, "The loneliest that a man will ever feel is in three situations.
The first situation is on the day that he is born, when he sees himself coming out of what he was in.
The second situation is on the day that he dies, when he sees people that he will not see anymore.
The third situation is on the day when he is resurrected, when he sees himself in the great gathering.
Allah has exclusively honored Yahya, the son of Zakariyya, by granting him peace in these situations.
Allah says, وَسَلَـمٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَيَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَيَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَياً ( And Salam (peace ) be on him the day he was born, and the day he dies, and the day he will be raised up to life ( again )!) This narration was reported by Ibn Jarir, from Ahmad bin Mansur Al-Marwazi, from Sadaqah bin Al-Fadl, from Sufyan bin `Uyaynah.

( Peace on him ) safety, forgiveness and bliss from Us to John ( the day be was born, and the day he dieth and the day he shall be raised alive ) from his grave!

So Peace on him the day he was born the day that he dies and the day that he will be raised up to life (again)!

Page 306 English transliteration