Surah Tawbah ayat 103 Tafsir Quran 9:103

﴿خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ وَتُزَكِّيهِم بِهَا وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ ۖ إِنَّ صَلَاتَكَ سَكَنٌ لَّهُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ﴾
[ التوبة: 103]

9:103 Take, [O, Muhammad], from their wealth a charity by which you purify them and cause them increase, and invoke [Allah 's blessings] upon them. Indeed, your invocations are reassurance for them. And Allah is Hearing and Knowing.

Take of their wealth some alms to purify them and to cleanse them thereby of their sins; he thus took a third of their wealth and gave it away as charity; and pray for them that is supplicate for them; truly your prayers are a comfort a mercy for them it is also said to mean reassurance for them that their repentance has been accepted. And God is Hearer Knower.

Take O Muhammad from their wealth a sum of money, an offering to set them upon the course of purity of thought and action and to impart sanctity to them, Pray Allah to forgive them; your invocatory prayer pacifies their minds and souls and frees them from mental and spiritual disturbance and from the conflict arising from their sense of guilt, Allah is Samiun and Alimun

The Command to collect the Zakah and Its Benefits Allah commanded His Messenger to take Sadaqah from the Muslims' money to purify and sanctify them with it.
This Ayah is general, even though some said that it refers specifically to those who mixed good and evil deeds, who admitted to their errors.
Some bedouin later thought that paying Zakah to the Leader was not legislated except to the Messenger ﷺ himself, using this Ayah as evidence, خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَلِهِمْ صَدَقَةً ( Take Sadaqah from their wealth. ) Abu Bakr As-Siddiq and other Companions refuted this ill comprehension and fought against them until they paid the Zakah to the Khalifah, just as they used to pay it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
As-Siddiq said, "By Allah! If they abstain from paying a bridle that they used to pay to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I will fight them for refraining from paying it." Allah's statement, وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ ( and Salli for them ), means, supplicate for them, and ask Allah to forgive them.
In the Sahih, Muslim recorded that `Abdullah bin Abi Awfa said, "Whenever the Prophet was brought charity, he used to invoke Allah for those who brought it.
My father also brought his charity and the Prophet said,
«اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى آلِ أَبِي أَوْفَى»
( O Allah! I invoke You for the family of Abu Awfa. )" Allah's statement, إِنَّ صَلَوَتَكَ سَكَنٌ لَّهُمْ ( Verily, your Salat are a Sakan for them ), means, a mercy for them, according to Ibn `Abbas.
Allah said next, وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ ( and Allah is All-Hearer, ) of your invocation ( O Muhammad ), عَلِيمٌ ( All-Knower. ) in those who deserve your invocation on their behalf, who are worthy of it.
Allah said, أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ وَيَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقَـتِ ( Know they not that Allah accepts repentance from His servants and accepts the Sadaqat ) This Ayah encourages reverting to repentance and giving charity, for each of these actions erases, deletes and eradicate sins.
Allah states that He accepts the repentance of those who repent to Him, as well as charity from pure resources, for Allah accepts it with His Right Hand and raises it for its giver until even a date becomes as large as Mount Uhud.
Abu Hurayrah narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«إِنَّ اللهَ يَقْبَلُ الصَّدَقَةَ وَيَأْخُذُهَا بِيَمِينِهِ فَيُرَبِّيهَا لِأَحَدِكُمْ كَمَا يُرَبِّي أَحَدُكُمْ مُهْرَهُ، حَتَّى إِنَّ اللُّقْمَةَ لَتَكُونُ مِثْلَ أُحُد»
( Verily, Allah accepts charity, receives it in His Right Hand and develops it for its giver, just as one of you raises his pony, until the bite of food becomes as large as Uhud. ) wThe Book of Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, testifies to this Hadith, أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ وَيَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقَـتِ ( Know they not that Allah accepts repentance from His servants and accepts the Sadaqat ), and, يَمْحَقُ اللَّهُ الْرِّبَواْ وَيُرْبِى الصَّدَقَـتِ ( Allah will destroy Riba and will give increase for Sadaqat. ) 2:276 `Abdullah bin Mas`ud said, "Charity falls in Allah's Hand before it falls in the needy's hand," he then recited this Ayah, أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ وَيَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقَـتِ ( Know they not that Allah accepts repentance from His servants and accepts the Sadaqat ).

The Command to collect the Zakah and Its Benefits Allah commanded His Messenger to take Sadaqah from the Muslims' money to purify and sanctify them with it.
This Ayah is general, even though some said that it refers specifically to those who mixed good and evil deeds, who admitted to their errors.
Some bedouin later thought that paying Zakah to the Leader was not legislated except to the Messenger ﷺ himself, using this Ayah as evidence, خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَلِهِمْ صَدَقَةً ( Take Sadaqah from their wealth. ) Abu Bakr As-Siddiq and other Companions refuted this ill comprehension and fought against them until they paid the Zakah to the Khalifah, just as they used to pay it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
As-Siddiq said, "By Allah! If they abstain from paying a bridle that they used to pay to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I will fight them for refraining from paying it." Allah's statement, وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ ( and Salli for them ), means, supplicate for them, and ask Allah to forgive them.
In the Sahih, Muslim recorded that `Abdullah bin Abi Awfa said, "Whenever the Prophet was brought charity, he used to invoke Allah for those who brought it.
My father also brought his charity and the Prophet said, «اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى آلِ أَبِي أَوْفَى» ( O Allah! I invoke You for the family of Abu Awfa. )" Allah's statement, إِنَّ صَلَوَتَكَ سَكَنٌ لَّهُمْ ( Verily, your Salat are a Sakan for them ), means, a mercy for them, according to Ibn `Abbas.
Allah said next, وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ ( and Allah is All-Hearer, ) of your invocation ( O Muhammad ), عَلِيمٌ ( All-Knower. ) in those who deserve your invocation on their behalf, who are worthy of it.
Allah said, أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ وَيَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقَـتِ ( Know they not that Allah accepts repentance from His servants and accepts the Sadaqat ) This Ayah encourages reverting to repentance and giving charity, for each of these actions erases, deletes and eradicate sins.
Allah states that He accepts the repentance of those who repent to Him, as well as charity from pure resources, for Allah accepts it with His Right Hand and raises it for its giver until even a date becomes as large as Mount Uhud.
Abu Hurayrah narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «إِنَّ اللهَ يَقْبَلُ الصَّدَقَةَ وَيَأْخُذُهَا بِيَمِينِهِ فَيُرَبِّيهَا لِأَحَدِكُمْ كَمَا يُرَبِّي أَحَدُكُمْ مُهْرَهُ، حَتَّى إِنَّ اللُّقْمَةَ لَتَكُونُ مِثْلَ أُحُد» ( Verily, Allah accepts charity, receives it in His Right Hand and develops it for its giver, just as one of you raises his pony, until the bite of food becomes as large as Uhud. ) wThe Book of Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, testifies to this Hadith, أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ وَيَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقَـتِ ( Know they not that Allah accepts repentance from His servants and accepts the Sadaqat ), and, يَمْحَقُ اللَّهُ الْرِّبَواْ وَيُرْبِى الصَّدَقَـتِ ( Allah will destroy Riba and will give increase for Sadaqat. ) 2:276 `Abdullah bin Mas`ud said, "Charity falls in Allah's Hand before it falls in the needy's hand," he then recited this Ayah, أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ وَيَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقَـتِ ( Know they not that Allah accepts repentance from His servants and accepts the Sadaqat ).

Allah then explained to the Prophet ( pbuh ) what he should take of their wealth because they had asked him to take some of it because they had stayed behind and not taken part in the Battle of Tabuk. But the Prophet ( pbuh ) initially refused to take anything from them until, that is, Allah explained the matter to him, saying: ( Take alms ) a third ( of their wealth ) the wealth of those who stayed behind, wherewith thou mayst purify them) from their sins ( and mayst make them grow ) and reform them with it, ( and pray for them ) ask forgiveness for them and make supplication for them. ( Lo! Your prayer ) your asking for their forgiveness and your supplications ( is an assuagement for them ) tranquillity for their hearts that their repentance will be accepted. ( Allah is Hearer ) of what they say, i.e. their saying: take our wealth, ( Knower ) of their repentance and intention.

Take Sadaqah (alms) from their wealth in order to purify them and sanctify them with it, and invoke Allah for them. Verily! Your invocations are a source of security for them, and Allah is All-Hearer, All-Knower.

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