Surah Saff ayat 2 Tafsir Quran 61:2

﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لَا تَفْعَلُونَ﴾
[ الصف: 2]

61:2 O you who have believed, why do you say what you do not do?

O you who believe why do you say in demanding to participate in the struggle what you do not do? for you retreated at Uhud.

O you Whose hearts reflect the image of religious and spiritual virtues: why do you say and state in words, or resolve to act, or promise to do, what you do not do or duly perform

Which was revealed in Madina The Virtues of Surat As-Saff Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin Salam said, "We asked, `Who among us should go to the Messenger ﷺ and ask him about the dearest actions to Allah' None among us volunteered.
The Messenger ﷺ sent a man to us and that man gathered us and recited this Surah, Surat As-Saff, in its entirety."' بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Chastising Those Who say what They do not do We mentioned in many a places before the meaning of Allah's statement, سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ( Whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is on the earth glorifies Allah.
And He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. ) Therefore, we do not need to repeat its meaning here.
Allah's statement, يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لاَ تَفْعَلُونَ ( O you who believe! Why do you say that which you do not do ) This refutes those who neglect to fulfill their promises.
This honorable Ayah supports the view that several scholars of the Salaf held, that it is necessary to fulfill the promise, regardless of whether the promise includes some type of wealth for the person receiving the promise or otherwise.
They also argue from the Sunnah, with the Hadith recorded in the Two Sahihs in which Allah's Messenger ﷺ said,
«آيَةُ الْمُنَافِقِ ثَلَاثٌ: إِذَا وَعَدَ أَخْلَفَ، وَإِذَا حَدَّثَ كَذَبَ، وَإِذَا اؤْتُمِنَ خَان»
( There are three signs for a hypocrite: when he promises, he breaks his promise; when speaks, he lies; and when he is entrusted, he betrays. ) And in another Hadith in the Sahih,
«أَرْبَعٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فِيهِ كَانَ مُنَافِقًا خَالِصًا،وَمَنْ كَانَتْ فِيهِ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ كَانَتْ فِيهِ خَصْلَةٌ مِنْ نِفَاقٍ حَتْى يَدَعَهَا»
( There are four characteristics which if one has all of them, he is the pure hypocrite, and if anyone has any of them, he has a characteristic of hypocrisy, until he abandons it. ) So he mentioned breaking the promise among these four characteristics.
We mentioned the meaning of these two Hadiths in the beginning of the explanation of Sahih Al-Bukhari, and to Allah is the praise and the thanks.
Therefore Allah implied this meaning, when He continued His admonishment by saying, كَبُرَ مَقْتاً عِندَ اللَّهِ أَن تَقُولُواْ مَا لاَ تَفْعَلُونَ ( Most hateful it is with Allah that you say that which you do not do. ) Imam Ahmad and Abu Dawud recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amir bin Rabi`ah said, "Allah's Messenger ﷺ came to us while I was a young boy, and I went out to play.
My mother said, `O `Abdullah! Come, I want to give you something.' Allah's Messenger ﷺ said to her,
«وَمَا أَرَدْتِ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُ؟»
( What did you want to give him ) She said, `Dates.' He said,
«أَمَا إِنَّكِ لَوْ لَمْ تَفْعَلِي كُتِبَتْ عَلَيْكِ كَذْبَة»
( If you had not given them to him, it would have been written as a lie in your record. )" Muqatil bin Hayyan said, "The faithful believers said, `If we only knew the dearest good actions to Allah, we would perform them.' Thus, Allah told them about the dearest actions to Him,saying, إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الَّذِينَ يُقَـتِلُونَ فِى سَبِيلِهِ صَفّاً ( Verily, Allah loves those who fight in His cause in rows ) Allah stated what He likes, and they were tested on the day of Uhud.
However, they retreated and fled, leaving the Prophet behind.
It was about their case that Allah revealed this Ayah: يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لاَ تَفْعَلُونَ ( O you who believe! Why do you say that which you do not do ) Allah says here, `The dearest of you to Me, is he who fights in My cause."' Some said that it was revealed about the gravity of fighting in battle, when one says that he fought and endured the battle, even though he did not do so.
Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak said that this Ayah was sent down to admonish some people who used to say that they killed, fought, stabbed, and did such and such during battle, even though they did not do any of it.
Sa`id bin Jubayr said about Allah's statement, إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الَّذِينَ يُقَـتِلُونَ فِى سَبِيلِهِ صَفّاً ( Verily, Allah loves those who fight in His cause in rows (ranks )) "Before Allah's Messenger ﷺ began the battle against the enemy, he liked to line up his forces in rows; in this Surah, Allah teaches the believers to do the same." He also said that Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُم بُنْيَـنٌ مَّرْصُوصٌ ( as if they were a solid structure. ) means, its parts are firmly connected to each other; in rows for battle.
Muqatil bin Hayyan said, "Firmly connected to each other." Ibn `Abbas commented on the meaning of the Ayah, كَأَنَّهُم بُنْيَـنٌ مَّرْصُوصٌ ( as if they were a solid structure. ) by saying, "They are like a firm structure that does not move, because its parts are cemented to each other."

Which was revealed in Madina The Virtues of Surat As-Saff Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin Salam said, "We asked, `Who among us should go to the Messenger ﷺ and ask him about the dearest actions to Allah' None among us volunteered.
The Messenger ﷺ sent a man to us and that man gathered us and recited this Surah, Surat As-Saff, in its entirety."' بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Chastising Those Who say what They do not do We mentioned in many a places before the meaning of Allah's statement, سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ( Whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is on the earth glorifies Allah.
And He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. ) Therefore, we do not need to repeat its meaning here.
Allah's statement, يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لاَ تَفْعَلُونَ ( O you who believe! Why do you say that which you do not do ) This refutes those who neglect to fulfill their promises.
This honorable Ayah supports the view that several scholars of the Salaf held, that it is necessary to fulfill the promise, regardless of whether the promise includes some type of wealth for the person receiving the promise or otherwise.
They also argue from the Sunnah, with the Hadith recorded in the Two Sahihs in which Allah's Messenger ﷺ said, «آيَةُ الْمُنَافِقِ ثَلَاثٌ: إِذَا وَعَدَ أَخْلَفَ، وَإِذَا حَدَّثَ كَذَبَ، وَإِذَا اؤْتُمِنَ خَان» ( There are three signs for a hypocrite: when he promises, he breaks his promise; when speaks, he lies; and when he is entrusted, he betrays. ) And in another Hadith in the Sahih, «أَرْبَعٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فِيهِ كَانَ مُنَافِقًا خَالِصًا،وَمَنْ كَانَتْ فِيهِ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ كَانَتْ فِيهِ خَصْلَةٌ مِنْ نِفَاقٍ حَتْى يَدَعَهَا» ( There are four characteristics which if one has all of them, he is the pure hypocrite, and if anyone has any of them, he has a characteristic of hypocrisy, until he abandons it. ) So he mentioned breaking the promise among these four characteristics.
We mentioned the meaning of these two Hadiths in the beginning of the explanation of Sahih Al-Bukhari, and to Allah is the praise and the thanks.
Therefore Allah implied this meaning, when He continued His admonishment by saying, كَبُرَ مَقْتاً عِندَ اللَّهِ أَن تَقُولُواْ مَا لاَ تَفْعَلُونَ ( Most hateful it is with Allah that you say that which you do not do. ) Imam Ahmad and Abu Dawud recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amir bin Rabi`ah said, "Allah's Messenger ﷺ came to us while I was a young boy, and I went out to play.
My mother said, `O `Abdullah! Come, I want to give you something.' Allah's Messenger ﷺ said to her, «وَمَا أَرَدْتِ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُ؟» ( What did you want to give him ) She said, `Dates.' He said, «أَمَا إِنَّكِ لَوْ لَمْ تَفْعَلِي كُتِبَتْ عَلَيْكِ كَذْبَة» ( If you had not given them to him, it would have been written as a lie in your record. )" Muqatil bin Hayyan said, "The faithful believers said, `If we only knew the dearest good actions to Allah, we would perform them.' Thus, Allah told them about the dearest actions to Him,saying, إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الَّذِينَ يُقَـتِلُونَ فِى سَبِيلِهِ صَفّاً ( Verily, Allah loves those who fight in His cause in rows ) Allah stated what He likes, and they were tested on the day of Uhud.
However, they retreated and fled, leaving the Prophet behind.
It was about their case that Allah revealed this Ayah: يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لاَ تَفْعَلُونَ ( O you who believe! Why do you say that which you do not do ) Allah says here, `The dearest of you to Me, is he who fights in My cause."' Some said that it was revealed about the gravity of fighting in battle, when one says that he fought and endured the battle, even though he did not do so.
Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak said that this Ayah was sent down to admonish some people who used to say that they killed, fought, stabbed, and did such and such during battle, even though they did not do any of it.
Sa`id bin Jubayr said about Allah's statement, إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الَّذِينَ يُقَـتِلُونَ فِى سَبِيلِهِ صَفّاً ( Verily, Allah loves those who fight in His cause in rows (ranks )) "Before Allah's Messenger ﷺ began the battle against the enemy, he liked to line up his forces in rows; in this Surah, Allah teaches the believers to do the same." He also said that Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُم بُنْيَـنٌ مَّرْصُوصٌ ( as if they were a solid structure. ) means, its parts are firmly connected to each other; in rows for battle.
Muqatil bin Hayyan said, "Firmly connected to each other." Ibn `Abbas commented on the meaning of the Ayah, كَأَنَّهُم بُنْيَـنٌ مَّرْصُوصٌ ( as if they were a solid structure. ) by saying, "They are like a firm structure that does not move, because its parts are cemented to each other."

( O ye who believe ) in Muhammad ( pbuh ) and the Qur’an! ( why say ye that which ye do not? ) why do you speak about that which you do not act upon? This is because they said: O Messenger of Allah! If we knew the most beloved deed to Allah, we would certainly do it. But when he informed them about the works which are dear to Him in His saying ( O ye who believe! Shall I show you a commerce that will save you from a painful doom? ) whose pain extends to the hearts, they waited for as long as Allah willed, but Allah did not explain further. They then said: if only we knew what it is so that we give for it our wealth, persons and families. Allah answered by saying ( Ye should believe in Allah and His messenger, and should strive for the cause of Allah with your wealth and your lives ), and so Allah explained to them what to do, saying: you should be firm in your belief in Allah and His Messenger and you should also strive to obey Allah using your wealth and own persons. But when they were tried in the Battle of Uhud and ran away from the battlefield, leaving the Prophet ( pbuh ) behind, Allah reproached them saying: why do you promise that which you cannot fulfil and why talk about that which you cannot perform?

O you who believe! Why do you say that which you do not do?

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