Surah Hud ayat 110 Tafsir Quran 11:110

﴿وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ فَاخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ ۚ وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ ۚ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَفِي شَكٍّ مِّنْهُ مُرِيبٍ﴾
[ هود: 110]

11:110 And We had certainly given Moses the Scripture, but it came under disagreement. And if not for a word that preceded from your Lord, it would have been judged between them. And indeed they are, concerning the Qur'an, in disquieting doubt.

And We verily gave Moses the Scripture the Torah but differences arose concerning it some believing others denying just as is the case with the Qur’ān; and were it not for a word that went forth from your Lord to defer the reckoning and the requital for creatures to the Day of Resurrection the case would have been decided between them in this world regarding that over which they differed; and truly they that is those who deny it are in grave doubt concerning it doubt creating great uncertainty.

Perhaps Allah will not subject them to annihilation here below on account of the Book -the Quran- which gives free circulation of divine enlightenment and information. The same course of action was adopted when We gave Mussa the Book - AL-Tawrah (the Torah)- and his people were disputant about it, and had it not been for Allahs word proclaimed beforehand to put punishment in respite, their Hereafter would have been planted in the now. Those people were as suspicious of AL- Tawrah, as your people -O Muhammad- are of the Quran

Associating Partners with Allah is no doubt Misguidance Allah, the Exalted, says, فَلاَ تَكُ فِى مِرْيَةٍ مِّمَّا يَعْبُدُ هَـؤُلاءِ ( So be not in doubt as to what these people worship. ) This refers to the polytheists.
Verily, what they are doing is falsehood, ignorance and misguidance.
Verily, they are only worshipping what their fathers worshipped before.
This means that they have no support for their Shirk.
They are only mimicking their fathers in ignorance.
Therefore, Allah will give them due recompense for that and He will punish them with a punishment the likes of which none can give besides Him.
If they did any good deeds, then Allah will reward them for those good works in this life, before the life of the Hereafter.
Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّا لَمُوَفُّوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ غَيْرَ مَنقُوصٍ ( And verily, We shall repay them in full their portion without diminution. ) `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam said, "We will pay them in full their portion of punishment without diminution." Then, Allah mentions that He gave Musa the Book, but the people differed concerning it.
Some believed in it and some disbelieved in it.
Therefore, you, Muhammad, have an example in the Prophets who came before you.
So do not grieve or be upset by their denial of you. وَلَوْلاَ كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ ( and had it not been for a Word Kalimah that had gone forth before from your Lord, the case would have been judged between them, ) Ibn Jarir said, "If it were not that the punishment had already been delayed until an appointed time, then Allah would have decided the matter between you now.
The word Kalimah carries the meaning that Allah will not punish anyone until the proof has been established against him and a Messenger has been sent to him." This is similar to Allah's statement, وَمَا كُنَّا مُعَذِّبِينَ حَتَّى نَبْعَثَ رَسُولاً ( And We never punish until We have sent a Messenger (to give warning ).) 17:15 For verily, Allah says in another verse, وَلَوْلاَ كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَكَانَ لِزَاماً وَأَجَلٌ مُّسَمًّى فَاصْبِرْ عَلَى مَا يَقُولُونَ ( And had it not been for a Word that went forth before from your Lord, and a term determined, (their punishment ) must necessarily have come ( in this world ).
So bear patiently what they say.)20:129-130 Then, Allah informs that He will gather the early generations and the later generations from all of the nations.
He will then reward them based upon their deeds.
If they did good deeds, their reward will be good, and if they did evil deeds, their reward will be bad.
Allah says, وَإِنَّ كُـلاًّ لَّمَّا لَيُوَفِّيَنَّهُمْ رَبُّكَ أَعْمَالَهُمْ إِنَّهُ بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ ( And verily, to each of them your Lord will repay their works in full.
Surely, He is All-Aware of what they do. ) This means that He is All-Knower of all of their deeds.
This includes their honorable deeds and their despicable deeds, their small deeds and their great deeds.
There are many different modes of recitation for this verse, yet all of their meanings agree with what we have mentioned.
This is similar to Allah's statement, وَإِن كُلٌّ لَّمَّا جَمِيعٌ لَّدَيْنَا مُحْضَرُونَ ( And surely, all - everyone of them will be brought before Us. )36:32

(11:110) And We certainly gave Moses the Book before, and there arose disagreements about it (even as there are disagreements now about the Book revealed to you). *111 Had it not been for a decree that had already gone forth from your Lord, the matter would have long been decided between them. *112 Indeed they are in a disquieting doubt about it.

And We had certainly given Moses the meaning

*111).
If people launch scurrilous attacks on the Qur'an, this is not altogether novel.
The same happened before.
When Moses ( peace be on him ) was granted the scripture, people raised a variety of objections against it.
The Prophet Muhammad ( peace be on him ) should not, therefore, feel disheartened that his people rejected the teachings of the Qur'an despite their lucidity.

*112).
This is being said in order to comfort the Prophet ( peace be on him ) and his Companions.
They are being asked to be patient and not to seek a hasty judgement from God concerning those who differ about the Qur'an.
For God will soon come forth with His judgement.
He has determined that this judgement will neither come a moment before, nor a moment after the expiry of the term.
It is true human beings wish God's judgement to come hastily.
As for God, He never judges hastily.

 

Associating Partners with Allah is no doubt Misguidance Allah, the Exalted, says, فَلاَ تَكُ فِى مِرْيَةٍ مِّمَّا يَعْبُدُ هَـؤُلاءِ ( So be not in doubt as to what these people worship. ) This refers to the polytheists.
Verily, what they are doing is falsehood, ignorance and misguidance.
Verily, they are only worshipping what their fathers worshipped before.
This means that they have no support for their Shirk.
They are only mimicking their fathers in ignorance.
Therefore, Allah will give them due recompense for that and He will punish them with a punishment the likes of which none can give besides Him.
If they did any good deeds, then Allah will reward them for those good works in this life, before the life of the Hereafter.
Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّا لَمُوَفُّوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ غَيْرَ مَنقُوصٍ ( And verily, We shall repay them in full their portion without diminution. ) `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam said, "We will pay them in full their portion of punishment without diminution." Then, Allah mentions that He gave Musa the Book, but the people differed concerning it.
Some believed in it and some disbelieved in it.
Therefore, you, Muhammad, have an example in the Prophets who came before you.
So do not grieve or be upset by their denial of you. وَلَوْلاَ كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ ( and had it not been for a Word Kalimah that had gone forth before from your Lord, the case would have been judged between them, ) Ibn Jarir said, "If it were not that the punishment had already been delayed until an appointed time, then Allah would have decided the matter between you now.
The word Kalimah carries the meaning that Allah will not punish anyone until the proof has been established against him and a Messenger has been sent to him." This is similar to Allah's statement, وَمَا كُنَّا مُعَذِّبِينَ حَتَّى نَبْعَثَ رَسُولاً ( And We never punish until We have sent a Messenger (to give warning ).) 17:15 For verily, Allah says in another verse, وَلَوْلاَ كَلِمَةٌ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَكَانَ لِزَاماً وَأَجَلٌ مُّسَمًّى فَاصْبِرْ عَلَى مَا يَقُولُونَ ( And had it not been for a Word that went forth before from your Lord, and a term determined, (their punishment ) must necessarily have come ( in this world ).
So bear patiently what they say.)20:129-130 Then, Allah informs that He will gather the early generations and the later generations from all of the nations.
He will then reward them based upon their deeds.
If they did good deeds, their reward will be good, and if they did evil deeds, their reward will be bad.
Allah says, وَإِنَّ كُـلاًّ لَّمَّا لَيُوَفِّيَنَّهُمْ رَبُّكَ أَعْمَالَهُمْ إِنَّهُ بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ ( And verily, to each of them your Lord will repay their works in full.
Surely, He is All-Aware of what they do. ) This means that He is All-Knower of all of their deeds.
This includes their honorable deeds and their despicable deeds, their small deeds and their great deeds.
There are many different modes of recitation for this verse, yet all of their meanings agree with what we have mentioned.
This is similar to Allah's statement, وَإِن كُلٌّ لَّمَّا جَمِيعٌ لَّدَيْنَا مُحْضَرُونَ ( And surely, all - everyone of them will be brought before Us. )36:32

( And We verily gave unto Moses the Scripture ) i.e. the Torah, ( and there was strife thereupon ) about the Scripture of Moses: some believed in it while others did not; ( and had it not been for a Word that had already gone forth ) enjoined ( from thy Lord ) to delay His chastisement from your nation, ( the case would have been judged between them ) their destruction would have already happened and chastisement would have seized them, ( and Lo! they are in grave doubt ) manifest doubt ( concerning it ).

Indeed, We gave the Book to Musa (Moses), but differences arose therein, and had it not been for a Word that had gone forth before from your Lord, the case would have been judged between them, and indeed they are in grave doubt concerning it (this Quran).

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