Surah Hud ayat 114 Tafsir Quran 11:114

﴿وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ طَرَفَيِ النَّهَارِ وَزُلَفًا مِّنَ اللَّيْلِ ۚ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَاتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ ذِكْرَىٰ لِلذَّاكِرِينَ﴾
[ هود: 114]

11:114 And establish prayer at the two ends of the day and at the approach of the night. Indeed, good deeds do away with misdeeds. That is a reminder for those who remember.

And establish prayer at the two ends of the day at first light and before sunset that is pray in the morning at noon and in the afternoon and in some watches zulafan is the plural of zulfa a portion of the night that is at sunset and late evening. Indeed good deeds such as the five prayers annul misdeeds minor sins this was revealed regarding one who kissed a female stranger and told the Prophet s about it and then asked him ‘Is this verse true for me?’ and the Prophet said to him ‘It is so for every person of my community’ as reported by the two Shaykhs Bukhārī and Muslim. That is a remembrance for the mindful an admonition for those who heed them.

Observe your act of worship at both ends of the day -the early morning and the close of the day- and at the early hours of the night -following sunset and before bed time- and keep in mind that pious and virtuous deeds cancel evil deeds. This is simply a reminder for those who keep Allah in mind and lift to Him their inward sight

The Command to establish the Prayer `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said, وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَوةَ طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ ( And perform the Salah, at the two ends of the day ) "This is referring to the morning prayer ( Subh ) and the evening prayer ( Maghrib )." The same was said by Al-Hasan and `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam.
In one narration reported by Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak and others, Al-Hasan said, "It means the morning prayer ( Subh ) and the late afternoon prayer ( `Asr )." Mujahid said, "It is the morning prayer at the beginning of the day and the noon prayer ( Zuhr ) and late afternoon prayer ( `Asr ) at the end of the day." This was also said by Muhammad bin Ka`b Al-Qurazi and Ad-Dahhak in one narration from him. وَزُلَفاً مِّنَ الَّيْلِ ( and in some hours of the night. ) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Al-Hasan and others said, "This means the night prayer ( `Isha' )." Ibn Al-Mubarak reported from Mubarak bin Fadalah that Al-Hasan said, وَزُلَفاً مِّنَ الَّيْلِ ( and in some hours of the night. ) "This means the evening ( Maghrib ) and late night ( `Isha' ) prayers.
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«هُمَا زُلَفَا اللَّيْلِ: الْمَغْرِبُ وَالْعِشَاء»
( They are the approach of the night: Maghrib and `Isha'. ) The same was said by Mujahid, Muhammad bin Ka`b, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak ( that this means the Maghrib and `Isha' prayers ).
It should be noted that this verse was revealed before the five daily prayers were made obligatory during the night of Isra' ( the Prophet's night journey to Jerusalem ).
At that time there were only two obligatory prayers: a prayer before sunrise and a prayer before sunset.
During the late night another prayer ( Tahajjud ) was also made obligatory upon the Prophet and his nation.
Later, this obligation was abrogated for his nation and remained obligatory upon him .
Finally, this obligation was abrogated for the Prophet as well, according to one opinion.
Allah knows best. The Good Deeds wipe away the Evil Deeds Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْحَسَنَـتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّـيِّئَـتِ ( Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds. ) This is saying that the performance of good deeds is an expiation of previous sins.
This has been mentioned in a Hadith recorded by Imam Ahmad and the Sunan Compilers, that the Commander of the faithful, `Ali bin Abi Talib, said, "Whenever I used to hear a narration from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Allah would cause me to benefit by it however He willed.
If anyone informed me of any statement that he said, I would make him swear ( by Allah ) that the Prophet said it.
If he swore by Allah, then I would believe him.
Abu Bakr once told me -- and Abu Bakr was truthful -- that he heard the Messenger of Allah say,
«مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يُذْنِبُ ذَنْبًا فَيَتَوَضَّأُ وَيُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ إِلَّا غُفِرَ لَه»
( There is not any Muslim who commits a sin, then he makes Wudu' and prays two units of prayer, except that he will be forgiven (that sin ).) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that the Commander of the faithful, `Uthman bin `Affan made Wudu' for the people ( to see ), just like the Wudu' of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
Then he said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ make Wudu' like this, and he said,
«مَنْ تَوَضَّأَ وُضُوئِي هَذَا ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ لَا يُحَدِّثُ فِيهِمَا نَفْسَهُ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّم مِنْ ذَنْبِه»
( Whoever makes Wudu' like this Wudu' of mine, then he prays two units of prayer in which he does not speak to himself, he will be forgiven for his previous sins. ) In the Sahih it is recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ أَنَّ بِبَابِ أَحَدِكُمْ نَهْرًا غَمْرًا، يَغْتَسِلُ فِيهِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ خَمْسَ مَرَّاتٍ، هَلْ يُبْقِي مِنْ دَرَنِهِ شَيْئًا؟»
( Do you think that if there was a flowing river at the door of anyone of you and he bathed in it five times every day, would there be any dirt left on him ) They said, "No, O Messenger of Allah!" He ( ) said;
«كَذَلِكَ الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ يَمْحُو اللهُ بِهِنَّ الذُّنُوبَ وَالْخَطَايَا»
( This is like the five daily prayers, for Allah uses them to wipe away the sins and wrongdoings. ) Muslim recorded in his Sahih that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say,
«الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ، وَالْجُمُعَةُ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ، وَرَمَضَانُ إِلَى رَمَضَانَ، مُكَفِّرَاتٌ لِمَا بَيْنَهُنَّ مَا اجْتُنِبَتِ الْكَبَائِر»
( The five daily prayers, Jumu`ah (Friday prayer ) to Jumu`ah and ( the fast of ) Ramadan to Ramadan are expiations for whatever sins were committed between them, as long as you stay away from the major sins.) Al-Bukhari recorded Ibn Mas`ud saying that a man kissed a woman ( who was not his relative or wife ).
He then came to the Prophet and informed him about the incident.
Thus, Allah revealed, وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَوةَ طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ وَزُلَفاً مِّنَ الَّيْلِ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَـتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّـيِّئَـتِ ( And perform Salah, at the two ends of the day and in some hours of the night.
Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds. )11:114 The man then said, "O Messenger of Allah, is this only for me" The Prophet replied,
«لِجَمِيعِ أُمَّتِي كُلِّهِم»
( This is for all of my (Ummah ) followers.) Al-Bukhari recorded this narration in the Book of Prayer as well and the Book of Tafsir.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Ibn `Abbas said that a man came to `Umar and said that a woman came to do business with him.
During the course of their business, he took her into his place and did everything with her except the actual act of sexual intercourse.
`Umar said, "Woe unto you! She probably was a woman whose husband is away ( fighting ) in the path of Allah." The man said, "Of course she was." `Umar then said, "Go to Abu Bakr and ask him about this." The man went to Abu Bakr and asked him about the matter.
Abu Bakr said, "She probably was a woman whose husband is away ( fighting ) in the path of Allah," just as `Umar had said.
Then he went to the Prophet and told him the same story.
The Prophet said,
«فَلَعَلَّهَا مُغِيبَةٌ فِي سَبِيلِ الله»
( She probably was a woman whose husband is away (fighting ) in the path of Allah.) Then a verse of Qur'an was revealed, وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَوةَ طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ وَزُلَفاً مِّنَ الَّيْلِ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَـتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّـيِّئَـتِ ( And perform the Salah, at the two ends of the day and in some hours of the night.
Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds. ) The man then said, "O Messenger of Allah! Is this verse only for me, or does it apply to all of the people in general" `Umar then struck the man on his chest with his hand and said, "No, rather it is for all of the people in general." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«صَدَقَ عُمَر»
( `Umar has spoken the truth. )

(11:114) And establish the Prayer at the two ends of the day and in the first hours of the night. *113 Indeed the good deeds drive away the evil deeds. This is a Reminder to those who are mindful of Allah. *114

And establish prayer at the two ends meaning

*113).
The 'two ends of the day' refer to the morning and the sunset.
Similarly, the 'first hours of the night' refer to the time of the 'Isha' Prayer.
We thus learn that this Qur'anic verse dates back to the time when the five daily Prayers had as yet not been prescribed.
The Prophet's ascension took place at a later time than the revelation of these verses and it is then that the five daily Prayers were prescribed.
( For further explanation see alIsra 17, n.
95; Ta Ha 20: 111; and al-Rum 30: 124. )
*114).
The Qur'an informs the believers of the best way to drive away the evils which are rampant in the world and how to obliterate the wrongs perpetuated by the inveterate enemies of Islam.
It counsels the believers to become increasingly righteous.
For the righteousness of the believers will ultimately overwhelm evil and corruption.
Now, since Prayers constantly remind people of God, they are the best means of making people righteous.
The power that the believers receive from Prayer will not only enable them to repulse the onslaught of the organized forces of evil, but also to establish a righteous and benevolent order in the world.
( For further elaboration see al-'Ankabut 29, nn.
77-9. )
 

The Command to establish the Prayer `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said, وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَوةَ طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ ( And perform the Salah, at the two ends of the day ) "This is referring to the morning prayer ( Subh ) and the evening prayer ( Maghrib )." The same was said by Al-Hasan and `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam.
In one narration reported by Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak and others, Al-Hasan said, "It means the morning prayer ( Subh ) and the late afternoon prayer ( `Asr )." Mujahid said, "It is the morning prayer at the beginning of the day and the noon prayer ( Zuhr ) and late afternoon prayer ( `Asr ) at the end of the day." This was also said by Muhammad bin Ka`b Al-Qurazi and Ad-Dahhak in one narration from him. وَزُلَفاً مِّنَ الَّيْلِ ( and in some hours of the night. ) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Al-Hasan and others said, "This means the night prayer ( `Isha' )." Ibn Al-Mubarak reported from Mubarak bin Fadalah that Al-Hasan said, وَزُلَفاً مِّنَ الَّيْلِ ( and in some hours of the night. ) "This means the evening ( Maghrib ) and late night ( `Isha' ) prayers.
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «هُمَا زُلَفَا اللَّيْلِ: الْمَغْرِبُ وَالْعِشَاء» ( They are the approach of the night: Maghrib and `Isha'. ) The same was said by Mujahid, Muhammad bin Ka`b, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak ( that this means the Maghrib and `Isha' prayers ).
It should be noted that this verse was revealed before the five daily prayers were made obligatory during the night of Isra' ( the Prophet's night journey to Jerusalem ).
At that time there were only two obligatory prayers: a prayer before sunrise and a prayer before sunset.
During the late night another prayer ( Tahajjud ) was also made obligatory upon the Prophet and his nation.
Later, this obligation was abrogated for his nation and remained obligatory upon him .
Finally, this obligation was abrogated for the Prophet as well, according to one opinion.
Allah knows best. The Good Deeds wipe away the Evil Deeds Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْحَسَنَـتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّـيِّئَـتِ ( Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds. ) This is saying that the performance of good deeds is an expiation of previous sins.
This has been mentioned in a Hadith recorded by Imam Ahmad and the Sunan Compilers, that the Commander of the faithful, `Ali bin Abi Talib, said, "Whenever I used to hear a narration from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Allah would cause me to benefit by it however He willed.
If anyone informed me of any statement that he said, I would make him swear ( by Allah ) that the Prophet said it.
If he swore by Allah, then I would believe him.
Abu Bakr once told me -- and Abu Bakr was truthful -- that he heard the Messenger of Allah say, «مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يُذْنِبُ ذَنْبًا فَيَتَوَضَّأُ وَيُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ إِلَّا غُفِرَ لَه» ( There is not any Muslim who commits a sin, then he makes Wudu' and prays two units of prayer, except that he will be forgiven (that sin ).) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that the Commander of the faithful, `Uthman bin `Affan made Wudu' for the people ( to see ), just like the Wudu' of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
Then he said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ make Wudu' like this, and he said, «مَنْ تَوَضَّأَ وُضُوئِي هَذَا ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ لَا يُحَدِّثُ فِيهِمَا نَفْسَهُ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّم مِنْ ذَنْبِه» ( Whoever makes Wudu' like this Wudu' of mine, then he prays two units of prayer in which he does not speak to himself, he will be forgiven for his previous sins. ) In the Sahih it is recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ أَنَّ بِبَابِ أَحَدِكُمْ نَهْرًا غَمْرًا، يَغْتَسِلُ فِيهِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ خَمْسَ مَرَّاتٍ، هَلْ يُبْقِي مِنْ دَرَنِهِ شَيْئًا؟» ( Do you think that if there was a flowing river at the door of anyone of you and he bathed in it five times every day, would there be any dirt left on him ) They said, "No, O Messenger of Allah!" He ( ) said; «كَذَلِكَ الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ يَمْحُو اللهُ بِهِنَّ الذُّنُوبَ وَالْخَطَايَا» ( This is like the five daily prayers, for Allah uses them to wipe away the sins and wrongdoings. ) Muslim recorded in his Sahih that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say, «الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ، وَالْجُمُعَةُ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ، وَرَمَضَانُ إِلَى رَمَضَانَ، مُكَفِّرَاتٌ لِمَا بَيْنَهُنَّ مَا اجْتُنِبَتِ الْكَبَائِر» ( The five daily prayers, Jumu`ah (Friday prayer ) to Jumu`ah and ( the fast of ) Ramadan to Ramadan are expiations for whatever sins were committed between them, as long as you stay away from the major sins.) Al-Bukhari recorded Ibn Mas`ud saying that a man kissed a woman ( who was not his relative or wife ).
He then came to the Prophet and informed him about the incident.
Thus, Allah revealed, وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَوةَ طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ وَزُلَفاً مِّنَ الَّيْلِ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَـتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّـيِّئَـتِ ( And perform Salah, at the two ends of the day and in some hours of the night.
Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds. )11:114 The man then said, "O Messenger of Allah, is this only for me" The Prophet replied, «لِجَمِيعِ أُمَّتِي كُلِّهِم» ( This is for all of my (Ummah ) followers.) Al-Bukhari recorded this narration in the Book of Prayer as well and the Book of Tafsir.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Ibn `Abbas said that a man came to `Umar and said that a woman came to do business with him.
During the course of their business, he took her into his place and did everything with her except the actual act of sexual intercourse.
`Umar said, "Woe unto you! She probably was a woman whose husband is away ( fighting ) in the path of Allah." The man said, "Of course she was." `Umar then said, "Go to Abu Bakr and ask him about this." The man went to Abu Bakr and asked him about the matter.
Abu Bakr said, "She probably was a woman whose husband is away ( fighting ) in the path of Allah," just as `Umar had said.
Then he went to the Prophet and told him the same story.
The Prophet said, «فَلَعَلَّهَا مُغِيبَةٌ فِي سَبِيلِ الله» ( She probably was a woman whose husband is away (fighting ) in the path of Allah.) Then a verse of Qur'an was revealed, وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَوةَ طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ وَزُلَفاً مِّنَ الَّيْلِ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَـتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّـيِّئَـتِ ( And perform the Salah, at the two ends of the day and in some hours of the night.
Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds. ) The man then said, "O Messenger of Allah! Is this verse only for me, or does it apply to all of the people in general" `Umar then struck the man on his chest with his hand and said, "No, rather it is for all of the people in general." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «صَدَقَ عُمَر» ( `Umar has spoken the truth. )

( Establish worship ) fulfil the prayer ( at the two ends of the day ) the morning prayer and the Zuhr; it is also said that the reference here is to the morning prayer and the prayers of Zuhr and ’Asr ( and in some watches of the night ) at the advent of the night, i.e. the prayers of Maghrib and ’Isha’. ( Lo! good deeds ) the five daily prayers ( annul ill deeds ) sins other than the enormities; it is also said that the good deeds refer to the formulas: Glory be to Allah, Praise be to Allah, there is no god save Allah and Allah is the greatest. ( This is a reminder for the mindful ) this is an act of repentance for those who repent; it is also said that this means: these expiate the sins of the repentant. This verse was revealed about a man called Abu’l-Yusr Ibn ’Umar.

And perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat), at the two ends of the day and in some hours of the night [i.e. the five compulsory Salat (prayers)]. Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds (i.e. small sins). That is a reminder (an advice) for the mindful (those who accept advice).

Page 234 English transliteration