Surah Hud ayat 119 Tafsir Quran 11:119

﴿إِلَّا مَن رَّحِمَ رَبُّكَ ۚ وَلِذَٰلِكَ خَلَقَهُمْ ۗ وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ لَأَمْلَأَنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنَ الْجِنَّةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ﴾
[ هود: 119]

11:119 Except whom your Lord has given mercy, and for that He created them. But the word of your Lord is to be fulfilled that, "I will surely fill Hell with jinn and men all together."

except those on whom your Lord has mercy those for whom He desires good and so they do not differ in it — and that is why He created them that is He created those of difference for that in other words so that they should differ and those deserving mercy for that in other words so that they should receive mercy. And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled namely ‘I will surely fill Hell with jinn and mankind together’.

But not those whom Allah has graced with His mercy. In this Manner of freedom of choice and of thinking did He bring mankind into being. Thus has the word of Allah, your Creator, answered the purpose and complied with His decree, thus: I will fill Hell with the Jinn together with mankind who were wrongful of actions, guilty of defiant impiety and whose lawless desires were seas scorning all bounds

Allah has not made Faith universally accepted Allah, the Exalted, informs that He is able to make all of mankind one nation upon belief, or disbelief.
This is just as He said, وَلَوْ شَآءَ رَبُّكَ لآمَنَ مَن فِى الاٌّرْضِ كُلُّهُمْ جَمِيعًا ( And had your Lord willed, those on earth would have believed, all of them together. ) 10:99 Allah goes on to say, وَلاَ يَزَالُونَ مُخْتَلِفِينَإِلاَّ مَن رَّحِمَ رَبُّكَ ( but they will not cease to disagree.
Except him on whom your Lord has bestowed His mercy, ) This means that people will always differ in religions, creeds, beliefs, opinions and sects.
Concerning Allah's statement, إِلاَّ مَن رَّحِمَ رَبُّكَ ( Except him on whom your Lord has bestowed His mercy, ) This means that those who have received the mercy of Allah by following the Messengers are excluded from this.
They are those who adhere to what they are commanded in the religion by the Messengers of Allah ﷺ.
That has always been their characteristic until the coming of the finality of the Prophets and Messengers ( Muhammad ﷺ ).
Those who received Allah's mercy are those who followed him, believed in him and supported him.
Therefore, they succeeded by achieving happiness in this life and the Hereafter.
They are the Saved Sect mentioned in the Hadith recorded in the Musnad and Sunan collections of Hadith.
The routes of transmission of this Hadith all strengthen each other ( in authenticity ).
In these narrations the Prophet said,
«إِنَّ الْيَهُودَ افْتَرَقَتْ عَلَى إِحْدَى وَسَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً، وَإِنَّ النَّصَارَى افْتَرَقَتْ عَلَى اثْنَتَيْنِ وَسَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً، وَسَتَفْتَرِقُ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةُ عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ وَسَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً، كُلُّهَا فِي النَّارِ إِلَّا فِرْقَةً وَاحِدَة»
( Verily, the Jews split into seventy-one sects, and the Christians split into seventy-two sects, and this nation (of Muslims ) will split into seventy-three sects.
All of them will be in the Fire except one sect.) They ( the Companions ) said, "Who are they ( the Saved Sect ) O Messenger of Allah" He said,
«مَا أَنَا عَلَيْهِ وَأَصْحَابِي»
( The sect that is upon what my Companions and I are upon. ) Al-Hakim recorded this narration in his Mustadrak with this additional wording.
Concerning Allah's statement, وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ لاّمْلاّنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنَ الْجِنَّةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ ( And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled (His saying ): "Surely, I shall fill Hell with Jinn and men all together.") Allah, the Exalted, informs that He precedes everything in His preordainment and decree, by His perfect knowledge and penetrating wisdom.
The result of this decree is that from those whom He has created, some deserve the Paradise and some deserve the Hell Fire.
From this decree is that He will fill the Hellfire with both mankind and Jinns.
His is the profound evidence and the perfect wisdom.
In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«اخْتَصَمَتِ الْجَنَّةُ وَالنَّارُ فَقَالَتِ الْجَنَّةُ: مَا لِي لَا يَدْخُلُنِي إِلَّا ضُعَفَاءُ النَّاسِ وَسَقَطُهُمْ وَقَالَتِ النَّارُ: أُوثِرْتُ بِالْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ وَالْمُتَجَبِّرِينَ.
فَقَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِلْجَنَّةِ: أَنْتِ رَحْمَتِي أَرْحَمُ بِكِ مَنْ أَشَاءُ، وَقَالَ لِلنَّارِ: أَنْتِ عَذَابِي أَنْتَقِمُ بِكِ مِمَّنْ أَشَاءُ، وَلِكُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْكُمَا مِلْؤُهَا، فَأَمَّا الْجَنَّةُ فَلَا يَزَالُ فِيهَا فَضْلٌ، حَتَّى يُنْشِىءَ اللهُ لَهَا خَلْقًا يُسْكِنُ فَضْلَ الْجَنَّةِ، وَأَمَّا النَّارُ فَلَا تَزَالُ تَقُولُ: هَلْ مِنْ مَزِيدٍ حَتَّى يَضَعَ عَلَيْهَا رَبُّ الْعِزَّةِ قَدَمَهُ فَتَقُولُ: قَطْ قَطْ وَعِزَّتِك»
( Paradise and the Hellfire debated.
Paradise said, `None will enter me except the weak and despised of the people.' The Hell- fire said, `I have inherited the haughty and the arrogant people.' Then Allah said to the Paradise, `You are My mercy and I grant mercy with you to whoever I wish.' Then He said to the Hellfire, `You are My torment and I take vengeance with you upon whoever I wish.
I will fill each one of you.' However, the Paradise will always have more bounties, to such an extent that Allah will create more creatures to dwell in it and enjoy its extra bounties.
The Hellfire will continue saying, `Are there anymore (to enter me ),' until the Lord of might places His Foot over it.
Then it ( Hell ) will say, "Enough, enough, by Your might!")

(11:119) except for those on whom your Lord has mercy. And it is for this (exercise of freedom of choice) that He has created them. *116 And the word of your Lord was fulfilled: 'Indeed I will fill the Hell, with men and jinn, altogether.'

Except whom your Lord has given mercy, meaning

*116).
This is being said in order to remove misconceptions which are often put forward under the appellation 'fate'.
The explanation of the destruction of those ancient nations mentioned above is liable to give rise to serious objections.
For, in the context of the above explanation it might be pointed out that the non-existence of righteous persons in a nation, or their existence in very small numbers, depends entirely on God's will.
If such is the case, how can any blame be directed at those nations'? For, after all, why did God not create a large number of good people in those nations?
In the course of clarifying this misconception, it is pointed out here that God's will with regard to human beings does not consist of binding them to follow an inalterable course of conduct in the manner of plants, animals and other similar living beings who, as we know, have no choice except to follow the course determined for them either by the laws of nature or their instincts.
Had such been the case, there would be no point in inviting human beings to believe, to raise Prophets, to reveal scriptures.
All human beings would have been born as ones who would believe and submit to God's command.
However, it was God's will regarding man that he should be granted free will and be vested with the power to follow the ways of his choice.
It was God's will that the ways leading both to Paradise and Hell should remain open to him, and that everyone be provided with the opportunity to make a choice between them.
Thus, whatever one is able to acquire is the fruit of his own labour.

Now, the very scheme of man's creation consists of granting him free will and providing the opportunity to choose between belief and unbelief.
In such a case it is simply inconceivable that a nation would wilfully decide to go astray and God compel it to righteousness.
If a nation decides to set up a system that produces rogues who try to excel one another in their evil, wrong-doing and sin, how can God forcibly direct them, by means of His direct interference, to the course of righteousness? Such an interference is simply not apart of God's scheme of things.
Members of a community become good or bad as a result of the measures taken by that nation itself.
But a time may come when a community immerses itself so deeply in evil that no sizeable group of good people are left in it to champion righteousness.
Alternatively, the social system of that community may be so geared as to leave no room for reform.
When such a stage is reached, God simply lets that community proceed to the tragic end that it has chosen for itself.

Those nations which deserve God's mercy are possessed of altogether different characteristics.
Such nations abound in persons who respond to the call of righteousness.
Moreover, their social values make it possible for righteous people to carry on their efforts to bring about reform.
( For further elaboration see Towards Understanding the Qur'an, vol.
II, al-An 'am o, n 24, pp.
228-9. )
 

Allah has not made Faith universally accepted Allah, the Exalted, informs that He is able to make all of mankind one nation upon belief, or disbelief.
This is just as He said, وَلَوْ شَآءَ رَبُّكَ لآمَنَ مَن فِى الاٌّرْضِ كُلُّهُمْ جَمِيعًا ( And had your Lord willed, those on earth would have believed, all of them together. ) 10:99 Allah goes on to say, وَلاَ يَزَالُونَ مُخْتَلِفِينَإِلاَّ مَن رَّحِمَ رَبُّكَ ( but they will not cease to disagree.
Except him on whom your Lord has bestowed His mercy, ) This means that people will always differ in religions, creeds, beliefs, opinions and sects.
Concerning Allah's statement, إِلاَّ مَن رَّحِمَ رَبُّكَ ( Except him on whom your Lord has bestowed His mercy, ) This means that those who have received the mercy of Allah by following the Messengers are excluded from this.
They are those who adhere to what they are commanded in the religion by the Messengers of Allah ﷺ.
That has always been their characteristic until the coming of the finality of the Prophets and Messengers ( Muhammad ﷺ ).
Those who received Allah's mercy are those who followed him, believed in him and supported him.
Therefore, they succeeded by achieving happiness in this life and the Hereafter.
They are the Saved Sect mentioned in the Hadith recorded in the Musnad and Sunan collections of Hadith.
The routes of transmission of this Hadith all strengthen each other ( in authenticity ).
In these narrations the Prophet said, «إِنَّ الْيَهُودَ افْتَرَقَتْ عَلَى إِحْدَى وَسَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً، وَإِنَّ النَّصَارَى افْتَرَقَتْ عَلَى اثْنَتَيْنِ وَسَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً، وَسَتَفْتَرِقُ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةُ عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ وَسَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً، كُلُّهَا فِي النَّارِ إِلَّا فِرْقَةً وَاحِدَة» ( Verily, the Jews split into seventy-one sects, and the Christians split into seventy-two sects, and this nation (of Muslims ) will split into seventy-three sects.
All of them will be in the Fire except one sect.) They ( the Companions ) said, "Who are they ( the Saved Sect ) O Messenger of Allah" He said, «مَا أَنَا عَلَيْهِ وَأَصْحَابِي» ( The sect that is upon what my Companions and I are upon. ) Al-Hakim recorded this narration in his Mustadrak with this additional wording.
Concerning Allah's statement, وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ لاّمْلاّنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنَ الْجِنَّةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ ( And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled (His saying ): "Surely, I shall fill Hell with Jinn and men all together.") Allah, the Exalted, informs that He precedes everything in His preordainment and decree, by His perfect knowledge and penetrating wisdom.
The result of this decree is that from those whom He has created, some deserve the Paradise and some deserve the Hell Fire.
From this decree is that He will fill the Hellfire with both mankind and Jinns.
His is the profound evidence and the perfect wisdom.
In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «اخْتَصَمَتِ الْجَنَّةُ وَالنَّارُ فَقَالَتِ الْجَنَّةُ: مَا لِي لَا يَدْخُلُنِي إِلَّا ضُعَفَاءُ النَّاسِ وَسَقَطُهُمْ وَقَالَتِ النَّارُ: أُوثِرْتُ بِالْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ وَالْمُتَجَبِّرِينَ.
فَقَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِلْجَنَّةِ: أَنْتِ رَحْمَتِي أَرْحَمُ بِكِ مَنْ أَشَاءُ، وَقَالَ لِلنَّارِ: أَنْتِ عَذَابِي أَنْتَقِمُ بِكِ مِمَّنْ أَشَاءُ، وَلِكُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْكُمَا مِلْؤُهَا، فَأَمَّا الْجَنَّةُ فَلَا يَزَالُ فِيهَا فَضْلٌ، حَتَّى يُنْشِىءَ اللهُ لَهَا خَلْقًا يُسْكِنُ فَضْلَ الْجَنَّةِ، وَأَمَّا النَّارُ فَلَا تَزَالُ تَقُولُ: هَلْ مِنْ مَزِيدٍ حَتَّى يَضَعَ عَلَيْهَا رَبُّ الْعِزَّةِ قَدَمَهُ فَتَقُولُ: قَطْ قَطْ وَعِزَّتِك» ( Paradise and the Hellfire debated.
Paradise said, `None will enter me except the weak and despised of the people.' The Hell- fire said, `I have inherited the haughty and the arrogant people.' Then Allah said to the Paradise, `You are My mercy and I grant mercy with you to whoever I wish.' Then He said to the Hellfire, `You are My torment and I take vengeance with you upon whoever I wish.
I will fill each one of you.' However, the Paradise will always have more bounties, to such an extent that Allah will create more creatures to dwell in it and enjoy its extra bounties.
The Hellfire will continue saying, `Are there anymore (to enter me ),' until the Lord of might places His Foot over it.
Then it ( Hell ) will say, "Enough, enough, by Your might!")

( Save him on whom thy Lord hath mercy ) except whom your Lord has saved from falsehood and other religions, and these are the believers; ( and for that He did create them ) He created the people of mercy for mercy, and created the people of difference for differing. ( And the Word of thy Lord hath been fulfilled ) the Word of your Lord has been decreed: ( Verily I shall fill hell with the jinn and mankind together ) with the disbelievers among the jinn and humans.

Except him on whom your Lord has bestowed His Mercy (the follower of truth - Islamic Monotheism) and for that did He create them. And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled (i.e. His Saying): "Surely, I shall fill Hell with jinns and men all together."

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