Surah Sad ayat 12 Tafsir Quran 38:12

﴿كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَعَادٌ وَفِرْعَوْنُ ذُو الْأَوْتَادِ﴾
[ ص: 12]

38:12 The people of Noah denied before them, and [the tribe of] 'Aad and Pharaoh, the owner of stakes,

Before them the people of Noah denied the inflection of the verb kadhdabat ‘denied’ that is governed by qawmu ‘people’ is in the feminine person because of the implicit sense and so did those of ‘Ād and Pharaoh he of the stakes — he used to fix four stakes for the person who incurred his wrath and tie to these stakes that person’s hands and feet and then torture him —

Long before them did people deny the divine message and reject Allahs religious principles, like the people Nuh, of Aad (the Adites ) and of Pharaoh, king of the immense fixed constructions

A Reminder of Those Who were destroyed among the Previous Nations Allah tells us about those past nations and the punishment and vengeance that struck them for their going against the Messengers and disbelieving in the Prophets, peace be upon them.
We have already seen their stories in detail in numerous places ( in the Qur'an ).
Allah says: أُوْلَـئِكَ الاٌّحْزَابُ ( such were the Confederates. ) meaning, `they were greater and stronger than you, they had more wealth and children, but that did not protect them from the punishment of Allah at all when the command of your Lord came to pass.' Allah says: إِن كُلٌّ إِلاَّ كَذَّبَ الرٌّسُلَ فَحَقَّ عِقَابِ ( Not one of them but denied the Messengers; therefore My torment was justified. ) `The reason for their destruction was their disbelief in the Messengers, so let those who are addressed here beware and be afraid.' وَمَا يَنظُرُ هَـؤُلآءِ إِلاَّ صَيْحَةً وحِدَةً مَّا لَهَا مِن فَوَاقٍ ( And these only wait for a single Sayhah there will be no pause or ending thereto. ) Malik narrated from Zayd bin Aslam; "There will none who can avert it," i.e., they will only wait for the Hour that it shall come upon them suddenly while they perceive not.
But some of its portents have already come, i.e., it has drawn nigh.
This Sayhah is the blast on the Trumpet when Allah will command Israfil to sound a long note, and there will be no one in the heaven or on earth but will be terrified, except those whom Allah spares. وَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا عَجِّل لَّنَا قِطَّنَا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْحِسَابِ ( They say: "Our Lord! Hasten to us Qittana before the Day of Reckoning!" ) Here Allah denounces the idolators for calling for the punishment to be hastened upon themselves.
Qitt refers to a book or record, or it was said that it means one's allotted share or fortune.
Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan and others said, "They asked for the punishment to be hastened." Qatadah added, this is like when they said: e اللَّهُمَّ إِن كَانَ هَـذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِندِكَ فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنَا حِجَارَةً مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ أَوِ ائْتِنَا بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ ( "O Allah! If this (the Qur'an ) is indeed the truth from You, then rain down stones on us from the sky or bring on us a painful torment.") ( 8:32 ).
It was also said that they asked for their share of Paradise to be hastened, if it really existed, so that they might have their share in this world; they said this because they thought it unlikely to exist and they disbelieved in it.
Ibn Jarir said, "They asked for whatever they deserved, good or bad, to be hastened for them in this world." What he said is good, and A-Dahhak and Isma`il bin Abi Khalid based their views on it.
And Allah knows best.
They said this by way of mockery and disbelief, so Allah commanded His Messenger to be patient in the face of their insults, and He gave him the glad tidings that his patience would be rewarded with victory and success.

(38:12) Before them the people of Noah, Ad, and Pharaoh of the tent-pegs gave the lie (to the Messengers) *13

The people of Noah denied before them, meaning

*13) The use of dhil-autad ( of the stakes ) for Pharaoh is either in the sense that his kingdom was very strong as though a stake were firmly driven into the ground, or for the reason that wherever his large armies camped, pegs of the tents were seen driven into the ground on every side, or because he would torture and punish at the stakes anyone with whom he was angry; and possibly the stakes may imply the pyramids of Egypt which seem to be driven into the earth like the stakes.

 

A Reminder of Those Who were destroyed among the Previous Nations Allah tells us about those past nations and the punishment and vengeance that struck them for their going against the Messengers and disbelieving in the Prophets, peace be upon them.
We have already seen their stories in detail in numerous places ( in the Qur'an ).
Allah says: أُوْلَـئِكَ الاٌّحْزَابُ ( such were the Confederates. ) meaning, `they were greater and stronger than you, they had more wealth and children, but that did not protect them from the punishment of Allah at all when the command of your Lord came to pass.' Allah says: إِن كُلٌّ إِلاَّ كَذَّبَ الرٌّسُلَ فَحَقَّ عِقَابِ ( Not one of them but denied the Messengers; therefore My torment was justified. ) `The reason for their destruction was their disbelief in the Messengers, so let those who are addressed here beware and be afraid.' وَمَا يَنظُرُ هَـؤُلآءِ إِلاَّ صَيْحَةً وحِدَةً مَّا لَهَا مِن فَوَاقٍ ( And these only wait for a single Sayhah there will be no pause or ending thereto. ) Malik narrated from Zayd bin Aslam; "There will none who can avert it," i.e., they will only wait for the Hour that it shall come upon them suddenly while they perceive not.
But some of its portents have already come, i.e., it has drawn nigh.
This Sayhah is the blast on the Trumpet when Allah will command Israfil to sound a long note, and there will be no one in the heaven or on earth but will be terrified, except those whom Allah spares. وَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا عَجِّل لَّنَا قِطَّنَا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْحِسَابِ ( They say: "Our Lord! Hasten to us Qittana before the Day of Reckoning!" ) Here Allah denounces the idolators for calling for the punishment to be hastened upon themselves.
Qitt refers to a book or record, or it was said that it means one's allotted share or fortune.
Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan and others said, "They asked for the punishment to be hastened." Qatadah added, this is like when they said: e اللَّهُمَّ إِن كَانَ هَـذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِندِكَ فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنَا حِجَارَةً مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ أَوِ ائْتِنَا بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ ( "O Allah! If this (the Qur'an ) is indeed the truth from You, then rain down stones on us from the sky or bring on us a painful torment.") ( 8:32 ).
It was also said that they asked for their share of Paradise to be hastened, if it really existed, so that they might have their share in this world; they said this because they thought it unlikely to exist and they disbelieved in it.
Ibn Jarir said, "They asked for whatever they deserved, good or bad, to be hastened for them in this world." What he said is good, and A-Dahhak and Isma`il bin Abi Khalid based their views on it.
And Allah knows best.
They said this by way of mockery and disbelief, so Allah commanded His Messenger to be patient in the face of their insults, and He gave him the glad tidings that his patience would be rewarded with victory and success.

( The folk of Noah before them ) before your folk, O Muhammad ( denied ) Noah ( and (so did the tribe of ) ’Aad) the folk of Hud deny Hud, ( and Pharaoh ) denied Moses ( firmly planted ) who had an established kingdom; and it is said that this means: the one who tortured using posts; this is because whenever he got angry against someone he tortured him using four posts,

Before them (were many who) belied Messengers, the people of Nuh (Noah); and 'Ad; and Fir'aun (Pharaoh) the man of stakes (with which he used to punish the people),

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