Surah Luqman ayat 15 Tafsir Quran 31:15

﴿وَإِن جَاهَدَاكَ عَلَىٰ أَن تُشْرِكَ بِي مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلَا تُطِعْهُمَا ۖ وَصَاحِبْهُمَا فِي الدُّنْيَا مَعْرُوفًا ۖ وَاتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ مَنْ أَنَابَ إِلَيَّ ۚ ثُمَّ إِلَيَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَأُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ﴾
[ لقمان: 15]

31:15 But if they endeavor to make you associate with Me that of which you have no knowledge, do not obey them but accompany them in [this] world with appropriate kindness and follow the way of those who turn back to Me [in repentance]. Then to Me will be your return, and I will inform you about what you used to do.

But if they urge you to ascribe to Me as partner that whereof you have no knowledge that accords with any reality then do not obey them. And keep them company in this world honourably in other words with decency dutifulness and kindness — and follow the way of him who returns to Me in penitence with acts of obedience. Then to Me will be your return and I will inform you of what you used to do and requite you for it the entire sentence containing the ‘enjoinder’ verse 14 and what comes after it constitutes a parenthetical statement.

And should they try to force you to adopt or accept polytheism and to incorporate with Me other deities of whom or (of which) you have empty knowledge, then refuse to accept and disobey them in this respect. But keep friends with them in life and maintain the friendly feeling and disposition and let it be felt in equity. And tread the path of those who turn to Allah and in Him they trust, and in the end, to Me shall all of you return when I will inform you of all that you did

Luqman's Advice to His Son Allah tells us how Luqman advised his son.
His full name was Luqman bin `Anqa' bin Sadun, and his son's name was Tharan, according to a saying quoted by As-Suhayli.
Allah describes him in the best terms, and states that he granted him wisdom.
Luqman advised his son, the closest and most beloved of all people to him, who deserved to be given the best of his knowledge.
So, Luqman started by advising him to worship Allah Alone, and not to associate anything with Him.
Then he warned him: إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ ( Verily, joining others in worship with Allah is a great Zulm (wrong ) indeed.) meaning, it is the greatest wrong.
Al-Bukhari recorded that `Abdullah said: "When the Ayah الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُواْ إِيمَـنَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ ( It is those who believe and confuse not their belief with Zulm )( 6:82 ) was revealed, the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were distressed by this, and said, `Who among us does not confuse his belief with Zulm' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِذَاكَ، أَلَا تَسْمَعُ إِلَى قَوْلِ لُقْمَانَ: يَبُنَىَّ لاَ تُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ» ( That is not what it means.
Have you not heard what Luqman said: (O my son! Join not in worship others with Allah.
Verily, joining others in worship with Allah is a great Zulm (wrong ) indeed))" It was recorded by Muslim.
When Luqman advised his son to worship Allah Alone, he also told him to honor his parents.
This is like the Ayah, وَقَضَى رَبُّكَ أَلاَّ تَعْبُدُواْ إِلاَّ إِيَّـهُ وَبِالْوَلِدَيْنِ إِحْسَـناً ( And your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him.
And that you be dutiful to your parents ) ( 17:23 ).
These two things are often mentioned together in the Qur'an.
Allah says here: وَوَصَّيْنَا الإِنْسَـنَ بِوَلِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْناً عَلَى وَهْنٍ ( And We have enjoined on man (to be dutiful and good ) to his parents.
His mother bore him in weakness and hardship upon weakness and hardship,) Mujahid said: "The hardship of bearing the child." Qatadah said: "Exhaustion upon exhaustion." `Ata' Al-Khurasani said: "Weakness upon weakness." وَفِصَالُهُ فِى عَامَيْنِ ( and his weaning is in two years ) means, after he is born, he is breastfed and weaned within two years.
This is like the Ayah, وَالْوَلِدَتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلَـدَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ أَن يُتِمَّ الرَّضَاعَةَ ( The mothers shall give suck to their children for two whole years, for those who desire to complete the term of suckling )( 2:233 ).
On this basis, Ibn `Abbas and other Imams understood that the shortest possible period of pregnancy was six months, because Allah says elsewhere: وَحَمْلُهُ وَفِصَـلُهُ ثَلاَثُونَ شَهْراً ( and the bearing of him, and the weaning of him is thirty months ) ( 46:15 ).
Allah mentions how the mother brings the child up, and how she gets tired and suffers stress from staying up with the child night and day, to remind the son of her previous kind treatment of him.
This is like the Ayah, وَقُل رَّبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِى صَغِيرًا ( and say: "My Lord! Bestow on them Your mercy as they did bring me up when I was young." ) ( 17:24 ).
Allah says here: أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِى وَلِوَلِدَيْكَ إِلَىَّ الْمَصِيرُ ( give thanks to Me and to your parents.
Unto Me is the final destination. ) means, `I will reward you most generously for that.' وَإِن جَـهَدَاكَ عَلَى أَن تُشْرِكَ بِى مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلاَ تُطِعْهُمَا ( But if they strive with you to make you join in worship with Me others that of which you have no knowledge, then obey them not; ) means, if they try hard to make you follow them in their religion, then do not accept that from them, but do not let that stop you from behaving with them in the world kindly, i.e.
treating them with respect. وَاتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ مَنْ أَنَابَ إِلَىَّ ( and follow the path of him who turns to Me in repentance and in obedience. ) means, the believers. ثُمَّ إِلَىَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَأُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ( Then to Me will be your return, and I shall tell you what you used to do. ) At-Tabarani recorded in Al-`Ishrah that Sa`d bin Malik said, "This Ayah, وَإِن جَـهَدَاكَ عَلَى أَن تُشْرِكَ بِى مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلاَ تُطِعْهُمَا ( But if they strive with you to make you join in worship with Me others that of which you have no knowledge, then obey them not; ) was revealed concerning me.
I was a man who honored his mother, but when I became Muslim, she said: `O Sa`d! What is this new thing I see you doing Leave this religion of yours, or I will not eat or drink until I die, and people will say: Shame on you, for what you have done to me, and they will say that you have killed your mother.' I said, `Do not do that, O mother, for I will not give up this religion of mine for anything.' She stayed without eating for one day and one night, and she became exhausted; then she stayed for another day and night without eating, and she became utterly exhausted.
When I saw that, I said: `O my mother, by Allah, even if you had one hundred souls and they were to depart one by one, I would not give up this religion of mine for anything, so if you want to, eat, and if you want to, do not eat.' So she ate."

(31:15) But if they press you to associate others with Me in My Divinity, (to associate) those regarding whom you have no knowledge *24 (that they are My associates), do not obey them. And yet treat them well in this world, and follow the way of him who turns to Me in devotion. Eventually it is to Me that all of you shall return, *25 and I shall then tell you all that you did.' *26

But if they endeavor to make you meaning

*24) That is, " About wham you have no knowledge that he is My associate. "
*25) " All of you ": the children as well as the parents.

*26) For explanation, see E.
N.'s 11 and 12 of Surah Al-'Ankabut.

 

Luqman's Advice to His Son Allah tells us how Luqman advised his son.
His full name was Luqman bin `Anqa' bin Sadun, and his son's name was Tharan, according to a saying quoted by As-Suhayli.
Allah describes him in the best terms, and states that he granted him wisdom.
Luqman advised his son, the closest and most beloved of all people to him, who deserved to be given the best of his knowledge.
So, Luqman started by advising him to worship Allah Alone, and not to associate anything with Him.
Then he warned him: إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ ( Verily, joining others in worship with Allah is a great Zulm (wrong ) indeed.) meaning, it is the greatest wrong.
Al-Bukhari recorded that `Abdullah said: "When the Ayah الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُواْ إِيمَـنَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ ( It is those who believe and confuse not their belief with Zulm )( 6:82 ) was revealed, the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were distressed by this, and said, `Who among us does not confuse his belief with Zulm' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِذَاكَ، أَلَا تَسْمَعُ إِلَى قَوْلِ لُقْمَانَ: يَبُنَىَّ لاَ تُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ» ( That is not what it means.
Have you not heard what Luqman said: (O my son! Join not in worship others with Allah.
Verily, joining others in worship with Allah is a great Zulm (wrong ) indeed))" It was recorded by Muslim.
When Luqman advised his son to worship Allah Alone, he also told him to honor his parents.
This is like the Ayah, وَقَضَى رَبُّكَ أَلاَّ تَعْبُدُواْ إِلاَّ إِيَّـهُ وَبِالْوَلِدَيْنِ إِحْسَـناً ( And your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him.
And that you be dutiful to your parents ) ( 17:23 ).
These two things are often mentioned together in the Qur'an.
Allah says here: وَوَصَّيْنَا الإِنْسَـنَ بِوَلِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْناً عَلَى وَهْنٍ ( And We have enjoined on man (to be dutiful and good ) to his parents.
His mother bore him in weakness and hardship upon weakness and hardship,) Mujahid said: "The hardship of bearing the child." Qatadah said: "Exhaustion upon exhaustion." `Ata' Al-Khurasani said: "Weakness upon weakness." وَفِصَالُهُ فِى عَامَيْنِ ( and his weaning is in two years ) means, after he is born, he is breastfed and weaned within two years.
This is like the Ayah, وَالْوَلِدَتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلَـدَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ أَن يُتِمَّ الرَّضَاعَةَ ( The mothers shall give suck to their children for two whole years, for those who desire to complete the term of suckling )( 2:233 ).
On this basis, Ibn `Abbas and other Imams understood that the shortest possible period of pregnancy was six months, because Allah says elsewhere: وَحَمْلُهُ وَفِصَـلُهُ ثَلاَثُونَ شَهْراً ( and the bearing of him, and the weaning of him is thirty months ) ( 46:15 ).
Allah mentions how the mother brings the child up, and how she gets tired and suffers stress from staying up with the child night and day, to remind the son of her previous kind treatment of him.
This is like the Ayah, وَقُل رَّبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِى صَغِيرًا ( and say: "My Lord! Bestow on them Your mercy as they did bring me up when I was young." ) ( 17:24 ).
Allah says here: أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِى وَلِوَلِدَيْكَ إِلَىَّ الْمَصِيرُ ( give thanks to Me and to your parents.
Unto Me is the final destination. ) means, `I will reward you most generously for that.' وَإِن جَـهَدَاكَ عَلَى أَن تُشْرِكَ بِى مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلاَ تُطِعْهُمَا ( But if they strive with you to make you join in worship with Me others that of which you have no knowledge, then obey them not; ) means, if they try hard to make you follow them in their religion, then do not accept that from them, but do not let that stop you from behaving with them in the world kindly, i.e.
treating them with respect. وَاتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ مَنْ أَنَابَ إِلَىَّ ( and follow the path of him who turns to Me in repentance and in obedience. ) means, the believers. ثُمَّ إِلَىَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَأُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ( Then to Me will be your return, and I shall tell you what you used to do. ) At-Tabarani recorded in Al-`Ishrah that Sa`d bin Malik said, "This Ayah, وَإِن جَـهَدَاكَ عَلَى أَن تُشْرِكَ بِى مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلاَ تُطِعْهُمَا ( But if they strive with you to make you join in worship with Me others that of which you have no knowledge, then obey them not; ) was revealed concerning me.
I was a man who honored his mother, but when I became Muslim, she said: `O Sa`d! What is this new thing I see you doing Leave this religion of yours, or I will not eat or drink until I die, and people will say: Shame on you, for what you have done to me, and they will say that you have killed your mother.' I said, `Do not do that, O mother, for I will not give up this religion of mine for anything.' She stayed without eating for one day and one night, and she became exhausted; then she stayed for another day and night without eating, and she became utterly exhausted.
When I saw that, I said: `O my mother, by Allah, even if you had one hundred souls and they were to depart one by one, I would not give up this religion of mine for anything, so if you want to, eat, and if you want to, do not eat.' So she ate."

( But if they strive with thee to make thee ) if they want or command you to ( ascribe unto Me as partner that of which thou hast no knowledge ) that it is My partner while you know that it is not My partner, ( then obey them not ) regarding idolatry. ( Consort with them in the world kindly ) with kindness and beneficence, ( and follow the path of him who repenteth unto Me ) the religion of him who betakes himself to Me and obeys me, i.e. Muhammad ( pbuh ). ( Then unto Me will be your return ) and the return of your parents, ( and I shall tell you what ye used to do ) of good or evil.

But if they (both) strive with you to make you join in worship with Me others that of which you have no knowledge, then obey them not, but behave with them in the world kindly, and follow the path of him who turns to Me in repentance and in obedience. Then to Me will be your return, and I shall tell you what you used to do.

Page 412 English transliteration