Surah Ghafir ayat 15 Tafsir Quran 40:15

﴿رَفِيعُ الدَّرَجَاتِ ذُو الْعَرْشِ يُلْقِي الرُّوحَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَىٰ مَن يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ لِيُنذِرَ يَوْمَ التَّلَاقِ﴾
[ غافر: 15]

40:15 [He is] the Exalted above [all] degrees, Owner of the Throne; He places the inspiration of His command upon whom He wills of His servants to warn of the Day of Meeting.

Exalter of ranks either means that God is One Whose attributes are majestic — or it means the raiser of the ranks of believers in Paradise — Lord of the Throne in other words the Creator thereof He casts the Spirit the Revelation of His command that is of His words upon whomever He will of His servants that he the one upon whom it is cast may warn them of that he may make people fear the Day of Encounter read yawma’l-talāqi omitting the final long yā’ or yawma’l-talāqī that is to say the Day of Resurrection so called because thereat the inhabitants of the heavens will encounter those of the earth and the worshipper will encounter the one whom he worshipped and the wrongdoer will encounter the person whom he wronged;

He is Allah Who has the rightful claim to the position of supremacy and the highest power and authority; He is it Who occupies the glorious Throne and sends the Spirit at will on whom of His servants He wills and induces him to caution all against the Day when all shall assemble for Judgment

Allah sends the Revelation to warn His Servants of the Day of Mutual Meeting Allah tells us of His might and pride, and that His Mighty Throne is raised above all of His creation like a roof.
This is like the Ayah: مِّنَ اللَّهِ ذِي الْمَعَارِجِ - تَعْرُجُ الْمَلَـئِكَةُ وَالرُّوحُ إِلَيْهِ فِى يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ ( From Allah, the Lord of the ways of ascent.
The angels and the Ruh (Jibril ) ascend to Him in a Day the measure whereof is fifty thousand years.) ( 70:3-4 ).
If Allah wills, we will discuss below which is the most correct view the distance between the Throne and the seventh earth according to a group of earlier and later scholars.
More than one scholar said that the Throne is made of red rubies.
The width between two corners of it is the distance of a fifty thousand year long journey and its height above the seventh earth is the distance of a fifty thousand years long journey. يُلْقِى الرُّوحَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَى مَن يَشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ ( He sends the revelation of His command to any of His servants He wills, ) This is like the Ayat: يُنَزِّلُ الْمَلَـئِكَةَ بِالْرُّوحِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَى مَن يَشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ أَنْ أَنْذِرُواْ أَنَّهُ لاَ إِلَـهَ إِلاَ أَنَاْ فَاتَّقُونِ ( He sends down the angels with the Ruh (revelation ) of His command to whom of His servants He wills ( saying ): "Warn mankind that none has the right to be worshipped but I, so have Taqwa of Me.") ( 16:2 ), and وَإِنَّهُ لَتَنزِيلُ رَبِّ الْعَـلَمِينَ - نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الاٌّمِينُ - عَلَى قَلْبِكَ لِتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُنْذِرِينَ ( And truly, this is a revelation from the Lord of all that exits, Which the trustworthy Ruh (Jibril ) has brought down Upon your heart that you may be ( one ) of the warners.) ( 26:192-194 ) Allah says: لِيُنذِرَ يَوْمَ التَّلاَقِ ( that he may warn (men ) of the Day of Mutual Meeting.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said: "The Day of Mutual Meeting is one of the names of the Day of Resurrection, of which Allah warns His servants." That is the Day when everyone will find out about his deeds, good and bad. يَوْمَ هُم بَـرِزُونَ لاَ يَخْفَى عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ شَىْءٌ ( The Day when they will come out, nothing of them will be hidden from Allah. ) means, they will all appear in the open, with nothing to give them shelter or shade, or cover them.
Allah says: يَوْمَ هُم بَـرِزُونَ لاَ يَخْفَى عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ شَىْءٌ ( The Day when they will come out, nothing of them will be hidden from Allah. ) meaning, everything will be equally known to Him. لِّمَنِ الْمُلْكُ الْيَوْمَ لِلَّهِ الْوَحِدِ الْقَهَّارِ ( Whose is the kingdom this Day It is Allah's, the One, the Irresistible! ) We have already mentioned the Hadith of Ibn `Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that Allah will roll up the heavens and the earth in His Hand and will say,
«أَنَا الْمَلِكُ، أَنَا الْجَبَّارُ، أَنَا الْمُتَكَبِّرُ، أَيْنَ مُلُوكُ الْأَرْضِ؟ أَيْنَ الْجَبَّارُونَ؟ أَيْنَ الْمُتَكَبِّرُونَ؟»
( "I am the King, I am the Compeller, I am the Proud, where are the kings of the earth Where are the tyrants Where are the proud" ) In the Hadith about the Trumpet, it says that Allah will take the souls of all of His creatures, and there will be none left but Him Alone, with no partner or associate.
Then He will say, "Whose is the kingdom today" three times, and He will answer Himself by saying, لِلَّهِ الْوَحِدِ الْقَهَّارِ ( It is Allah's, the One, the Irresistible! ) meaning, He is the Only One Who has subjugated all things. الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَى كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَـسَبَتْ لاَ ظُلْمَ الْيَوْمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ ( This Day shall every person be recompensed for what he earned.
This Day no injustice (shall be done to anybody ).
Truly, Allah is swift in reckoning.) Here Allah tells us of His justice when He judges between His creation; He does not do even a speck of dust's weight of injustice, whether it be for good or for evil.
For every good deed He gives a tenfold reward and for every bad deed He gives recompense of one bad deed.
Allah says: لاَ ظُلْمَ الْيَوْمَ ( This Day no injustice (shall be done to anybody ).) It was reported in Sahih Muslim from Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that Allah said:
«يَا عِبَادِي إِنِّي حَرَّمْتُ الظُّلْمَ عَلى نَفْسِي وَجَعَلْتُهُ بَيْنَكُمْ مُحَرَّمًا فَلَا تَظَالَمُوا إلى أن قال يَا عِبَادِي إِنَّمَا هِيَ أَعْمَالُكُمْ أُحْصِيهَا عَلَيْكُمْ ثُمَّ أُوَفِّيكُمْ إِيَّاهَا، فَمَنْ وَجَدَ خَيْرًا فَلْيَحْمَدِ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى، وَمَنْ وَجَدَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يَلُومَنَّ إِلَّا نَفْسَه»
( "O My servants, I have forbidden injustice for Myself, and made it unlawful for you, so do not commit injustice to one another ..." ) up to: ( "O My servants, these are your deeds, I record them for you then I will recompense you for them.
Whoever finds something good, let him give praise to Allah, and whoever finds something other than that, let him blame no one but himself." ) إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ ( Truly, Allah is swift in reckoning. ) means, He will bring all His creation to account as if He is bringing just one person to account.
This is like the Ayah: مَّا خَلْقُكُمْ وَلاَ بَعْثُكُمْ إِلاَّ كَنَفْسٍ وَحِدَةٍ ( The creation of you all and the resurrection of you all are only as a single person ) ( 31: 28 ). وَمَآ أَمْرُنَآ إِلاَّ وَحِدَةٌ كَلَمْحٍ بِالْبَصَرِ ( And Our commandment is but one as the twinkling of an eye. ) ( 54:50 )

(40:15) Exalted in Rank, *23 Lord of the Throne: *24 He causes the spirit to descend on whomsoever of His servants He pleases *25 so as to warn them of the Day of Encounter; *26

[He is] the Exalted above [all] degrees, meaning

*23) That is, " He is exalted far above all the creations of the world.
Anything that exists in the Universe, whether an angel or a prophet or a saint, or Borne other creation, may be very exalted and superior to other creations, but it cannot be imagined to have a station anywhere near the highest rank and position of Allah, not to speak of its being an associate in His attributes and powers and authority.
"
*24) That is, He is King and Ruler of the whole Universe, and Master of the Throne of the Kingdom of the Universe.
( For explanation, see AI-A'raf: 54 and E.N.
41 thereof; Yunus: 3, Ar-Ra'd: 2, Ta Ha: 5 and the E.N.'s thereof ).

*25) " The Spirit " implies Revelation and Prophethood.
( For explanation, see An-Nahl 2, BanI Isra'il: 85 and the E.N.'s thereof ).
And the words: 'Allah sends down the Spirit by His Command upon whomsoever of His servants He pleases" mean this: "Nobody has a monopoly over the bounties of Allah.
Just as no one has a right to object as to why was so and so given beauty, and so-and-so extraordinary powers of memory or intelligence, so also no one has the right to abject as to why so-and-so only was chosen to be a prophet and why a person of some one's own choice was not made a prophet.
"
*26) The Day of Meeting ": the Day when all mankind, jinn and satans will be gathered together before their Lord simultaneously and the witnesses of their acts and deeds also will be present to bear the witness.

 

Allah sends the Revelation to warn His Servants of the Day of Mutual Meeting Allah tells us of His might and pride, and that His Mighty Throne is raised above all of His creation like a roof.
This is like the Ayah: مِّنَ اللَّهِ ذِي الْمَعَارِجِ - تَعْرُجُ الْمَلَـئِكَةُ وَالرُّوحُ إِلَيْهِ فِى يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ ( From Allah, the Lord of the ways of ascent.
The angels and the Ruh (Jibril ) ascend to Him in a Day the measure whereof is fifty thousand years.) ( 70:3-4 ).
If Allah wills, we will discuss below which is the most correct view the distance between the Throne and the seventh earth according to a group of earlier and later scholars.
More than one scholar said that the Throne is made of red rubies.
The width between two corners of it is the distance of a fifty thousand year long journey and its height above the seventh earth is the distance of a fifty thousand years long journey. يُلْقِى الرُّوحَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَى مَن يَشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ ( He sends the revelation of His command to any of His servants He wills, ) This is like the Ayat: يُنَزِّلُ الْمَلَـئِكَةَ بِالْرُّوحِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَى مَن يَشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ أَنْ أَنْذِرُواْ أَنَّهُ لاَ إِلَـهَ إِلاَ أَنَاْ فَاتَّقُونِ ( He sends down the angels with the Ruh (revelation ) of His command to whom of His servants He wills ( saying ): "Warn mankind that none has the right to be worshipped but I, so have Taqwa of Me.") ( 16:2 ), and وَإِنَّهُ لَتَنزِيلُ رَبِّ الْعَـلَمِينَ - نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الاٌّمِينُ - عَلَى قَلْبِكَ لِتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُنْذِرِينَ ( And truly, this is a revelation from the Lord of all that exits, Which the trustworthy Ruh (Jibril ) has brought down Upon your heart that you may be ( one ) of the warners.) ( 26:192-194 ) Allah says: لِيُنذِرَ يَوْمَ التَّلاَقِ ( that he may warn (men ) of the Day of Mutual Meeting.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said: "The Day of Mutual Meeting is one of the names of the Day of Resurrection, of which Allah warns His servants." That is the Day when everyone will find out about his deeds, good and bad. يَوْمَ هُم بَـرِزُونَ لاَ يَخْفَى عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ شَىْءٌ ( The Day when they will come out, nothing of them will be hidden from Allah. ) means, they will all appear in the open, with nothing to give them shelter or shade, or cover them.
Allah says: يَوْمَ هُم بَـرِزُونَ لاَ يَخْفَى عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ شَىْءٌ ( The Day when they will come out, nothing of them will be hidden from Allah. ) meaning, everything will be equally known to Him. لِّمَنِ الْمُلْكُ الْيَوْمَ لِلَّهِ الْوَحِدِ الْقَهَّارِ ( Whose is the kingdom this Day It is Allah's, the One, the Irresistible! ) We have already mentioned the Hadith of Ibn `Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that Allah will roll up the heavens and the earth in His Hand and will say, «أَنَا الْمَلِكُ، أَنَا الْجَبَّارُ، أَنَا الْمُتَكَبِّرُ، أَيْنَ مُلُوكُ الْأَرْضِ؟ أَيْنَ الْجَبَّارُونَ؟ أَيْنَ الْمُتَكَبِّرُونَ؟» ( "I am the King, I am the Compeller, I am the Proud, where are the kings of the earth Where are the tyrants Where are the proud" ) In the Hadith about the Trumpet, it says that Allah will take the souls of all of His creatures, and there will be none left but Him Alone, with no partner or associate.
Then He will say, "Whose is the kingdom today" three times, and He will answer Himself by saying, لِلَّهِ الْوَحِدِ الْقَهَّارِ ( It is Allah's, the One, the Irresistible! ) meaning, He is the Only One Who has subjugated all things. الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَى كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَـسَبَتْ لاَ ظُلْمَ الْيَوْمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ ( This Day shall every person be recompensed for what he earned.
This Day no injustice (shall be done to anybody ).
Truly, Allah is swift in reckoning.) Here Allah tells us of His justice when He judges between His creation; He does not do even a speck of dust's weight of injustice, whether it be for good or for evil.
For every good deed He gives a tenfold reward and for every bad deed He gives recompense of one bad deed.
Allah says: لاَ ظُلْمَ الْيَوْمَ ( This Day no injustice (shall be done to anybody ).) It was reported in Sahih Muslim from Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that Allah said: «يَا عِبَادِي إِنِّي حَرَّمْتُ الظُّلْمَ عَلى نَفْسِي وَجَعَلْتُهُ بَيْنَكُمْ مُحَرَّمًا فَلَا تَظَالَمُوا إلى أن قال يَا عِبَادِي إِنَّمَا هِيَ أَعْمَالُكُمْ أُحْصِيهَا عَلَيْكُمْ ثُمَّ أُوَفِّيكُمْ إِيَّاهَا، فَمَنْ وَجَدَ خَيْرًا فَلْيَحْمَدِ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى، وَمَنْ وَجَدَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يَلُومَنَّ إِلَّا نَفْسَه» ( "O My servants, I have forbidden injustice for Myself, and made it unlawful for you, so do not commit injustice to one another ..." ) up to: ( "O My servants, these are your deeds, I record them for you then I will recompense you for them.
Whoever finds something good, let him give praise to Allah, and whoever finds something other than that, let him blame no one but himself." ) إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ ( Truly, Allah is swift in reckoning. ) means, He will bring all His creation to account as if He is bringing just one person to account.
This is like the Ayah: مَّا خَلْقُكُمْ وَلاَ بَعْثُكُمْ إِلاَّ كَنَفْسٍ وَحِدَةٍ ( The creation of you all and the resurrection of you all are only as a single person ) ( 31: 28 ). وَمَآ أَمْرُنَآ إِلاَّ وَحِدَةٌ كَلَمْحٍ بِالْبَصَرِ ( And Our commandment is but one as the twinkling of an eye. ) ( 54:50 )

( The Exalter of Ranks ) the Creator of the heavens, Who has raised you above everything, ( the Lord of the Throne. He casteth the Spirit of His command ) He sends down Gabriel with the Qur’an ( upon whom He will of His slaves ) i.e. Muhammad ( pbuh ) ( that He may warn ) that Muhammad ( pbuh ) may warn by means of the Qur’an ( of the Day of Meeting ) of when the inhabitants of the earth and the inhabitants of the heavens will meet; it is also said that this means: when the Creator and created will meet,

(He is Allah) Owner of High Ranks and Degrees, the Owner of the Throne. He sends the Inspiration by His Command to any of His slaves He wills, that he (the person who receives inspiration) may warn (men) of the Day of Mutual Meeting (i.e. The Day of Resurrection).

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