Surah Zumar ayat 16 Tafsir Quran 39:16

﴿لَهُم مِّن فَوْقِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ مِّنَ النَّارِ وَمِن تَحْتِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ يُخَوِّفُ اللَّهُ بِهِ عِبَادَهُ ۚ يَا عِبَادِ فَاتَّقُونِ﴾
[ الزمر: 16]

39:16 They will have canopies of fire above them and below them, canopies. By that Allah threatens His servants. O My servants, then fear Me.

Above them they will have canopies layers of fire and beneath them they will have similar canopies of fire. That is what God frightens His servants with that is the believing ones that they may have fear of Him — this sense of the verse is suggested by what follows “So O servants of Mine fear Me!”’

Above them shall there be layers of flames of fire hanging over them like a canopy of perpetual clouds of fire and no less shall there be underneath them. This is a picture Allah uses to caution those who worship Him, as well as those who do not, against the inevitable and He exhorts them, thus: O you people who should seek unto Me, keep in awe of Me and entertain the profound reverence dutiful to Me

Creating Fear of the Punishment of Allah Allah `says, say O Muhammad, even though you are the Messenger of Allah ﷺ:' إِنِّى أَخَافُ إِنْ عَصَيْتُ رَبِّى عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ ( Verily, if I disobey my Lord, I am afraid of the torment of a great Day. ) meaning the Day of Resurrection.
This is a conditional sentence, and if what is referred to here applies to the Prophet , it applies even more so to others, قُلِ اللَّهَ أَعْبُدُ مُخْلِصاً لَّهُ دِينِى فَاعْبُدُواْ مَا شِئْتُمْ مِّن دُونِهِ ( Say: "Allah Alone I worship by doing religious deeds sincerely for His sake only.
So, worship what you like besides Him." ) This is also a threat, and a disowning of them. قُلْ إِنَّ الْخَـسِرِينَ ( Say: "The losers..." ) means, the greatest losers of all, الَّذِينَ خَسِرُواْ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ ( are those who will lose themselves and their families on the Day of Resurrection. ) means, they will be separated and will never meet again, whether their families have gone to Paradise and they have gone to Hell, or all of them have gone to Hell, they will never meet or feel happiness again. أَلاَ ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْخُسْرَانُ الْمُبِينُ ( Verily, that will be a manifest loss! ) means, this is the clearest and most obvious loss.
Then He describes their state in the Fire: لَهُمْ مِّن فَوْقِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ مِّنَ النَّارِ وَمِن تَحْتِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ ( They shall have coverings of Fire, above them and covering (of Fire ) beneath them.) This is like the Ayat: لَهُم مِّن جَهَنَّمَ مِهَادٌ وَمِن فَوْقِهِمْ غَوَاشٍ وَكَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الظَّـلِمِينَ ( Theirs will be a bed of Hell (Fire ), and over them coverings ( of Hell-fire ).
Thus do We recompense the wrongdoers) ( 7:41 ) يَوْمَ يَغْشَـهُمُ الْعَذَابُ مِن فَوْقِهِمْ وَمِن تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِهِمْ وَيِقُولُ ذُوقُواْ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ( On the Day when the torment (Hell-fire ) shall cover them from above them and from underneath their feet, and it will be said: "Taste what you used to do.") ( 29:55 ) ذَلِكَ يُخَوِّفُ اللَّهُ بِهِ عِبَادَهُ ( With this Allah frightens His servants: ) means, Allah tells us about this, which will undoubtedly come to pass, to frighten His servants, so that they will keep away from unlawful things and from sin. يعِبَادِ فَاتَّقُونِ ( O My servants, therefore have Taqwa of Me! ) means, `fear My wrath, My anger, My punishment and My vengeance.'

Creating Fear of the Punishment of Allah Allah `says, say O Muhammad, even though you are the Messenger of Allah ﷺ:' إِنِّى أَخَافُ إِنْ عَصَيْتُ رَبِّى عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ ( Verily, if I disobey my Lord, I am afraid of the torment of a great Day. ) meaning the Day of Resurrection.
This is a conditional sentence, and if what is referred to here applies to the Prophet , it applies even more so to others, قُلِ اللَّهَ أَعْبُدُ مُخْلِصاً لَّهُ دِينِى فَاعْبُدُواْ مَا شِئْتُمْ مِّن دُونِهِ ( Say: "Allah Alone I worship by doing religious deeds sincerely for His sake only.
So, worship what you like besides Him." ) This is also a threat, and a disowning of them. قُلْ إِنَّ الْخَـسِرِينَ ( Say: "The losers..." ) means, the greatest losers of all, الَّذِينَ خَسِرُواْ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ ( are those who will lose themselves and their families on the Day of Resurrection. ) means, they will be separated and will never meet again, whether their families have gone to Paradise and they have gone to Hell, or all of them have gone to Hell, they will never meet or feel happiness again. أَلاَ ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْخُسْرَانُ الْمُبِينُ ( Verily, that will be a manifest loss! ) means, this is the clearest and most obvious loss.
Then He describes their state in the Fire: لَهُمْ مِّن فَوْقِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ مِّنَ النَّارِ وَمِن تَحْتِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ ( They shall have coverings of Fire, above them and covering (of Fire ) beneath them.) This is like the Ayat: لَهُم مِّن جَهَنَّمَ مِهَادٌ وَمِن فَوْقِهِمْ غَوَاشٍ وَكَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الظَّـلِمِينَ ( Theirs will be a bed of Hell (Fire ), and over them coverings ( of Hell-fire ).
Thus do We recompense the wrongdoers) ( 7:41 ) يَوْمَ يَغْشَـهُمُ الْعَذَابُ مِن فَوْقِهِمْ وَمِن تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِهِمْ وَيِقُولُ ذُوقُواْ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ( On the Day when the torment (Hell-fire ) shall cover them from above them and from underneath their feet, and it will be said: "Taste what you used to do.") ( 29:55 ) ذَلِكَ يُخَوِّفُ اللَّهُ بِهِ عِبَادَهُ ( With this Allah frightens His servants: ) means, Allah tells us about this, which will undoubtedly come to pass, to frighten His servants, so that they will keep away from unlawful things and from sin. يعِبَادِ فَاتَّقُونِ ( O My servants, therefore have Taqwa of Me! ) means, `fear My wrath, My anger, My punishment and My vengeance.'

( They have ) i.e. the disbelievers of Mecca ( an awning ) canopies ( of fire above them and beneath them a dais (of fire ). With this doth Allah appal His bondmen) in the Qur’an. ( O My bondmen ) He means Abu Bakr and his fellow believers, ( therefore fear Me ) therefore obey Me in that which I have commanded you!

They shall have coverings of Fire, above them and covering (of Fire) beneath them; with this Allah does frighten His slaves: "O My slaves, therefore fear Me!"

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