Surah Jumuah ayat 2 Tafsir Quran 62:2

﴿هُوَ الَّذِي بَعَثَ فِي الْأُمِّيِّينَ رَسُولًا مِّنْهُمْ يَتْلُو عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتِهِ وَيُزَكِّيهِمْ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَإِن كَانُوا مِن قَبْلُ لَفِي ضَلَالٍ مُّبِينٍ﴾
[ الجمعة: 2]

62:2 It is He who has sent among the unlettered a Messenger from themselves reciting to them His verses and purifying them and teaching them the Book and wisdom - although they were before in clear error -

It is He Who sent to the unlettered folk among the Arabs ummī means ‘one who cannot write or read a book’ a messenger from among them namely Muhammad (s) to recite to them His signs the Qur’ān and to purify them to cleanse them from idolatry and to teach them the Book the Qur’ān and wisdom in the rulings that it contains though indeed wa-in in has been softened from the hardened form with its subject having been omitted that is to say understand it as wa-innahum before that before his coming they had been in manifest error.

Allah is He Who has sent to the unlettered Arab community a Messenger from their midst to relate and to recite to them His revelations and impart sanctity to their quality and their actions. Also, to teach them the Quran and impart to them the knowledge of its Authoritative text, to teach them the wisdom of judging rightly in matters relating to life and conduct and to be in full accordance with fact, reason and good sense. He would also teach them sound judgment in the choice of means and ends; notwithstanding that they were before, ignorant adherents of evidently false beliefs

The Virtues of Surat Al-Jumu`ah Ibn `Abbas and Abu Hurayrah narrated that Allah's Messenger ﷺ used to recite Surat Al-Jumu`ah and Surat Al-Munafiqin during the Friday Prayer.
Muslim collected this Hadith in his Sahih. بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Everything praises and glorifies Allah Allah states that everything in the heavens and the earth glo Allah the Exalted said in another Ayah, وَإِن مِّن شَىْءٍ إِلاَّ يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدَهِ ( Glorify Him and there is not a thing but glorifies His praise ) ( 17:44 ) Allah said, الْمَلِكُ الْقُدُّوسُ ( the King, the Holy, ) meaning that He is the Owner and King of the heavens and the earth Who has perfect control over their affairs.
He is the Holy, free of all shortcomings, His attributes are perfect, العَزِيزُ الحَكِيمُ ( the Almighty, the All-Wise. ) whose explanation is already discussed in many places. The Favor that Allah granted by sending Muhammad ﷺ Allah the Exalted said, هُوَ الَّذِى بَعَثَ فِى الأُمِّيِّينَ رَسُولاً مِّنْهُمْ ( He it is Who sent among the unlettered ones a Messenger from among themselves, ) the word `unlettered' here refers to the Arabs.
Allah the Exalted said in another Ayah, وَقُلْ لِّلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ الْكِتَـبَ وَالاٍّمِّيِّينَ ءَأَسْلَمْتُمْ فَإِنْ أَسْلَمُواْ فَقَدِ اهْتَدَواْ وَّإِن تَوَلَّوْاْ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ الْبَلَـغُ وَاللَّهُ بَصِيرٌ بِالْعِبَادِ ( And say to those who were given the Scripture and those who are illiterates: "Do you submit yourselves If they do, they are rightly guided; but if they turn away, your duty is only to convey the message; and Allah is All-Seer of (His ) servants.) ( 3:20 ) Mentioning the unlettered ones in specific here does not mean that Muhammad ﷺ was only sent to them, because the blessing to the Arabs is greater than that of other nations.
In another Ayah, Allah said, وَإِنَّهُ لَذِكْرٌ لَّكَ وَلِقَوْمِكَ ( And verily, this is indeed a Reminder for you and your people ) ( 43:44 ).
Surely, the Qur'an is also a reminder for those other than Arabs to take heed.
Allah the Exalted said, وَأَنذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الاٌّقْرَبِينَ ( And warn your tribe of near kindred. ) ( 26:214 ) These Ayat do not negate Allah's statements, قُلْ يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعًا ( Say: "O mankind! verily, I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah. ) ( 7:158 ), and, لاٌّنذِرَكُمْ بِهِ وَمَن بَلَغَ ( that I may therewith warn you and whomsoever it may reach. ) ( 6:19 ) and in His statement about the Qur'an, وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِهِ مِنَ الاٌّحْزَابِ فَالنَّارُ مَوْعِدُهُ ( But those of the groups that reject it, the Fire will be their promised meeting place. ) ( 11:17 ) There are other Ayat that indicate that his Message is universal.
He, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, was sent to all people, mankind and the Jinns alike.
We mentioned this meaning before in Surat Al-An`am producing various Ayat and Hadiths.
All praise and thanks are to due to Allah.
This Ayah testifies that Allah has indeed accepted the invocation of His friend Ibrahim when he supplicated Allah to send a Messenger to the people of Makkah from among them their own.
One who will recite to them Allah's statements, purify them and teach them the Book and the Hikmah.
So, Allah -- all praise and thanks be to Him -- sent him when the Messengers ceased and the way was obscure.
Indeed it was a time when it was most needed.
Especially since Allah hated the people of the earth, Arabs and non-Arabs alike, except for a few of the People of the Scripture, who kept to the true faith Allah the Exalted sent to `Isa bin Maryam, peace be upon him.
This is why Allah said, هُوَ الَّذِى بَعَثَ فِى الأُمِّيِّينَ رَسُولاً مِّنْهُمْ يَتْلُو عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَـتِهِ وَيُزَكِّيهِمْ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتَـبَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَإِن كَانُواْ مِن قَبْلُ لَفِى ضَلَلٍ مُّبِينٍ ( He it is Who sent among the unlettered ones a Messenger from among themselves, reciting to them His Ayat, purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Hikmah.
And verily, they had been before in manifest error. ) In ancient times, the Arabs used to adhere by the religion of Ibrahim, peace be upon him.
They later changed, corrupted and contradicted it, choosing polytheism instead of Tawhid and doubts instead of certainty.
They invented a religion that Allah did not legislate, just as the People of the Scriptures did when they changed and corrupted their Divine Books.
Allah sent Muhammad ﷺ, with a great divine legislation, perfect religion that is suitable for all humans and Jinns.
In it, there is guidance and explanations of all that they need in this life and the Hereafter.
It draws them closer to Paradise and Allah's pleasure and takes them away from the Fire and earning Allah's anger.
In it, there is the final judgement for all types of doubts and suspicion for all major and minor matters of the religion.
In Muhammad ﷺ, Allah gathered all the good qualities of the Prophets before him, and gave him what He has never given the earlier and later generations of mankind.
May Allah's peace and blessings be on Muhammad ﷺ until the Day of Judgement. Muhammad ﷺ is the Messenger to Arabs and Non-Arabs alike Allah said, وَءَاخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ لَمَّا يَلْحَقُواْ بِهِمْ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ( And others among them who have not yet joined them.
And He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. ) Imam Abu `Abdullah Al-Bukhari, may Allah have mercy upon him, recorded that Abu Hurayrah said, "We were sitting with the Prophet , when Surat Al-Jumu`ah was revealed to him; وَءَاخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ لَمَّا يَلْحَقُواْ بِهِمْ ( And others among them who have not yet joined them. ) They said, `Who are they, O Allah's Messenger' The Prophet did not reply until they repeated the question thrice.
At that time, Salman Al-Farisi was with us.
So Allah's Messenger ﷺ placed his hand on Salman, saying,
«لَوْ كَانَ الْإِيمَانُ عِنْدَ الثُّرَيَّا لَنَالَهُ رِجَالٌ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْ هؤُلَاءِ»
( If faith were on Ath-Thurayya (Pleiades ), even then some men or a man from these people would attain it.)" Muslim, At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa`i, Ibn Abi Hatim and Ibn Jarir collected this Hadith.
This Hadith indicates that Surat Al-Jumu`ah was revealed in Al-Madinah and that the Messenger's Message is universal.
The Prophet explained Allah's statement, وَءَاخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ ( And others among them ) by mentioning Persia.
This is why the Prophet sent messages to the kings of Persia and Rome, among other kings, calling them to Allah the Exalted and to follow what he was sent with.
This is why Mujahid and several others said that Allah's statement, وَءَاخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ لَمَّا يَلْحَقُواْ بِهِمْ ( And others among them who have not yet joined them. ) refers to all non-Arabs who believe in the truth of the Prophet.
Allah's statement, وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ( And He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. ) asserts that He is Almighty and All-Wise in His legislation and the destiny He appoints.
Allah's statement, ذَلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَن يَشَآءُ وَاللَّهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ ( That is the grace of Allah, which He bestows on whom He wills.
And Allah is the Owner of mighty grace. ) refers to the great prophethood that He granted Muhammad and the qualities that He favored his Ummah with, by sending Muhammad to them.

(62:2) He it is Who has sent to the gentiles a Messenger from among themselves, *2 one who rehearses to them His verses, purifies their lives, and imparts to them the Book and the Wisdom *3 although before that they were in utter error; *4

It is He who has sent among meaning

*2) Here the word ummi ( gentile ) has been used as a Jewish term and there is a subtle aabtle in it.
The verse means: " The All-Mighty and All-Wise Allah has raised a Messenger among the Arabs whom the Jews contemptuously consider the gentiles and much below themselves, The Messenger has not risen of his own wish and will, but has been raised by Him Who is the Sovereign of the universe, Who is All-Mighty and All-Wise, Whose power can be resisted and opposed only to one's own loss and peril.

One should know that the word ummi has occurred in the Qur'an at several places but in different meanings at different places.
At one place it has been used for the people who do not possess any revealed scripture, which they may he following, as AI-'Imran: 20, where it 'has been said: "Ask those who possess the Book and those who do not possess ( umnris ); 'Have you accepted Islam`''" Here, the ummis imply the Arab polytheists, and they have been regarded as a separate class from the followers of the Book, i.e.
the Jews and the Christians.
At another place, it has been used for the illiterate people among the .lews and Christians, who are ignorant of the Book of Allah, as in Al-Baqarah: 78: "Among the Jews there are some illiterate people ( ummis ) who have no knowledge of the Book but are guided by mere conjecture and guess-work.
" At still another place, this word has been used purely as a'Jewish term, which implies aII the non-Jewish people, as in AI-'Imran: 75: '( The actual cause of this dishonesty of theirs is that they say: ) We are not to be called to account for out behaviour towards the non-Jews ( ummis ) This third meaning of ummi is implied in the verse tinder discussion.
It is a synonym of the Hebrew word goyim, which has been translated gentiles in the English Bible and implies all the non-Jewish or the non-IsraeAte people of the world.

But the real significance of this Jewish term cannot be understood only by this explanation of it.
The Hebrew word goyim originally was used only in the meaning of a nation, but gradually the Jews reserved it first for the nation other then themselves, then they gave it the special meaning that aII the nations other than the Jews were un-civilized, irreligious, unclean and contemptible; so much so that in its connotations of hatred and contempt this word even surpassed the Greek term 'barbarian' which they used for all the non-Greeks.
In rabbinical literature, goyim are such contemptible people, who cannot be considered human, who cannot be made companions in a journey, who cannot be saved even if one of them is drowning.
The Jews beleivd that the Messiah of the future would destroy aII the goyim and bum them to annihilation.
( For further explanation, see E.N.
64 of Al-'Imran ).

*3) These characteristics of the Holy Prophet ( upon whom be piece ) have been mentioned at four places in the Qur'an and everywhere with a different object.
These have been mentioned in AI-Baqarah: t29 to tell the Arabs that the mission of the Prophet, which they were regading as a calamity and affliction for themselves, was indeed a great blessing for which the Prophets Abraham and Ishmael ( peace be upon them ) had been praying for their children.
In Al-Baqarah: 151 these have been mentioned to exhort the Muslims to recognize the true worth of the Holy Prophet and to derive full benefit from the blessing which they had been granted in the form of his Apostleship.
These have been re-iteated in AI 'Imran: 164 to make the hypocrites and the people of weak faith realize what great favour AIIah had done them by raising His Mcssengcr among them, and how foolish they were in not appreciating this.
Now, here in this Surah these have been repeated for the fourth time with the object to tell the Jews: 'The mission that Muhammad ( upon whom be Allah's peace and blessing ) is performing in front of you, is evidently the mission of a Mcssengcr.
He is reciting the Revelations of AIIah, the language, themes and style of which testify that these arc indeed Divine Revelations.
He is purifying and reforming the lives of the people, cleansing their morals and habits And dealings of every evil element, and adorning them with the finest moral qualities.
This is the same task which aII the Prophets before him have been performing.
Then he does not rest content only with the recitation of the Revelations, but he is making the people understand the real aim of the Divine Book by word and decd and by the practical model of his life and imparting to them the wisdom and knowledge which none but the Prophets have imparted so far.
This very character and way of life and practical model is the conspicuous characteristic of the Prophets by which they are recognized.
Then how stubborn you arc that you refuse to recognize and believe in the Mcssengcr whose truth is manifestly proved by his wonderful works only because AIIah has not raised him among you but among the people whom you call the ummis ( gentiles ).

*4) This is another proof of the Holy Prophet's Aposltleship, which has been presented to open eyes of the Jews.
These people had been living in Arabia for centuries and no aspect of the religious, moral, social and cultural life of the Arabs was hidden from them.
Referring to the state of their previous life it is being said: "You arc an eye-witness of the revolution that has taken place in the lift of this nation within a few years under the guidance and leadership of Muhammad ( upon whom be Allah's peace and blessings ).
You arc fully aware of the condition in which these people were involved before embracing Islam: you arc also aware of their transformation afterwards, and you arc also witnessing the condition of those people of this very nation, who have not yet embraced Islam, Is the clear and manifest difference which even a blind man can perceive not enough to convince you that this revolution can be brought about by none but a Prophet"?.

 

The Virtues of Surat Al-Jumu`ah Ibn `Abbas and Abu Hurayrah narrated that Allah's Messenger ﷺ used to recite Surat Al-Jumu`ah and Surat Al-Munafiqin during the Friday Prayer.
Muslim collected this Hadith in his Sahih. بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Everything praises and glorifies Allah Allah states that everything in the heavens and the earth glo Allah the Exalted said in another Ayah, وَإِن مِّن شَىْءٍ إِلاَّ يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدَهِ ( Glorify Him and there is not a thing but glorifies His praise ) ( 17:44 ) Allah said, الْمَلِكُ الْقُدُّوسُ ( the King, the Holy, ) meaning that He is the Owner and King of the heavens and the earth Who has perfect control over their affairs.
He is the Holy, free of all shortcomings, His attributes are perfect, العَزِيزُ الحَكِيمُ ( the Almighty, the All-Wise. ) whose explanation is already discussed in many places. The Favor that Allah granted by sending Muhammad ﷺ Allah the Exalted said, هُوَ الَّذِى بَعَثَ فِى الأُمِّيِّينَ رَسُولاً مِّنْهُمْ ( He it is Who sent among the unlettered ones a Messenger from among themselves, ) the word `unlettered' here refers to the Arabs.
Allah the Exalted said in another Ayah, وَقُلْ لِّلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ الْكِتَـبَ وَالاٍّمِّيِّينَ ءَأَسْلَمْتُمْ فَإِنْ أَسْلَمُواْ فَقَدِ اهْتَدَواْ وَّإِن تَوَلَّوْاْ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ الْبَلَـغُ وَاللَّهُ بَصِيرٌ بِالْعِبَادِ ( And say to those who were given the Scripture and those who are illiterates: "Do you submit yourselves If they do, they are rightly guided; but if they turn away, your duty is only to convey the message; and Allah is All-Seer of (His ) servants.) ( 3:20 ) Mentioning the unlettered ones in specific here does not mean that Muhammad ﷺ was only sent to them, because the blessing to the Arabs is greater than that of other nations.
In another Ayah, Allah said, وَإِنَّهُ لَذِكْرٌ لَّكَ وَلِقَوْمِكَ ( And verily, this is indeed a Reminder for you and your people ) ( 43:44 ).
Surely, the Qur'an is also a reminder for those other than Arabs to take heed.
Allah the Exalted said, وَأَنذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الاٌّقْرَبِينَ ( And warn your tribe of near kindred. ) ( 26:214 ) These Ayat do not negate Allah's statements, قُلْ يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعًا ( Say: "O mankind! verily, I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah. ) ( 7:158 ), and, لاٌّنذِرَكُمْ بِهِ وَمَن بَلَغَ ( that I may therewith warn you and whomsoever it may reach. ) ( 6:19 ) and in His statement about the Qur'an, وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِهِ مِنَ الاٌّحْزَابِ فَالنَّارُ مَوْعِدُهُ ( But those of the groups that reject it, the Fire will be their promised meeting place. ) ( 11:17 ) There are other Ayat that indicate that his Message is universal.
He, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, was sent to all people, mankind and the Jinns alike.
We mentioned this meaning before in Surat Al-An`am producing various Ayat and Hadiths.
All praise and thanks are to due to Allah.
This Ayah testifies that Allah has indeed accepted the invocation of His friend Ibrahim when he supplicated Allah to send a Messenger to the people of Makkah from among them their own.
One who will recite to them Allah's statements, purify them and teach them the Book and the Hikmah.
So, Allah -- all praise and thanks be to Him -- sent him when the Messengers ceased and the way was obscure.
Indeed it was a time when it was most needed.
Especially since Allah hated the people of the earth, Arabs and non-Arabs alike, except for a few of the People of the Scripture, who kept to the true faith Allah the Exalted sent to `Isa bin Maryam, peace be upon him.
This is why Allah said, هُوَ الَّذِى بَعَثَ فِى الأُمِّيِّينَ رَسُولاً مِّنْهُمْ يَتْلُو عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَـتِهِ وَيُزَكِّيهِمْ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتَـبَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَإِن كَانُواْ مِن قَبْلُ لَفِى ضَلَلٍ مُّبِينٍ ( He it is Who sent among the unlettered ones a Messenger from among themselves, reciting to them His Ayat, purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Hikmah.
And verily, they had been before in manifest error. ) In ancient times, the Arabs used to adhere by the religion of Ibrahim, peace be upon him.
They later changed, corrupted and contradicted it, choosing polytheism instead of Tawhid and doubts instead of certainty.
They invented a religion that Allah did not legislate, just as the People of the Scriptures did when they changed and corrupted their Divine Books.
Allah sent Muhammad ﷺ, with a great divine legislation, perfect religion that is suitable for all humans and Jinns.
In it, there is guidance and explanations of all that they need in this life and the Hereafter.
It draws them closer to Paradise and Allah's pleasure and takes them away from the Fire and earning Allah's anger.
In it, there is the final judgement for all types of doubts and suspicion for all major and minor matters of the religion.
In Muhammad ﷺ, Allah gathered all the good qualities of the Prophets before him, and gave him what He has never given the earlier and later generations of mankind.
May Allah's peace and blessings be on Muhammad ﷺ until the Day of Judgement. Muhammad ﷺ is the Messenger to Arabs and Non-Arabs alike Allah said, وَءَاخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ لَمَّا يَلْحَقُواْ بِهِمْ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ( And others among them who have not yet joined them.
And He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. ) Imam Abu `Abdullah Al-Bukhari, may Allah have mercy upon him, recorded that Abu Hurayrah said, "We were sitting with the Prophet , when Surat Al-Jumu`ah was revealed to him; وَءَاخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ لَمَّا يَلْحَقُواْ بِهِمْ ( And others among them who have not yet joined them. ) They said, `Who are they, O Allah's Messenger' The Prophet did not reply until they repeated the question thrice.
At that time, Salman Al-Farisi was with us.
So Allah's Messenger ﷺ placed his hand on Salman, saying, «لَوْ كَانَ الْإِيمَانُ عِنْدَ الثُّرَيَّا لَنَالَهُ رِجَالٌ أَوْ رَجُلٌ مِنْ هؤُلَاءِ» ( If faith were on Ath-Thurayya (Pleiades ), even then some men or a man from these people would attain it.)" Muslim, At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa`i, Ibn Abi Hatim and Ibn Jarir collected this Hadith.
This Hadith indicates that Surat Al-Jumu`ah was revealed in Al-Madinah and that the Messenger's Message is universal.
The Prophet explained Allah's statement, وَءَاخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ ( And others among them ) by mentioning Persia.
This is why the Prophet sent messages to the kings of Persia and Rome, among other kings, calling them to Allah the Exalted and to follow what he was sent with.
This is why Mujahid and several others said that Allah's statement, وَءَاخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ لَمَّا يَلْحَقُواْ بِهِمْ ( And others among them who have not yet joined them. ) refers to all non-Arabs who believe in the truth of the Prophet.
Allah's statement, وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ( And He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. ) asserts that He is Almighty and All-Wise in His legislation and the destiny He appoints.
Allah's statement, ذَلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَن يَشَآءُ وَاللَّهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ ( That is the grace of Allah, which He bestows on whom He wills.
And Allah is the Owner of mighty grace. ) refers to the great prophethood that He granted Muhammad and the qualities that He favored his Ummah with, by sending Muhammad to them.

( He it is Who hath sent among the unlettered ones ) the Arabs ( a messenger of their own ) of their own lineage, i.e. Muhammad ( pbuh ) ( to recite unto them His revelations ) the Qur’an which exposits commands and prohibitions ( and to make them grow ) and to cleanse them from idolatry by means of belief in Allah’s divine Oneness; and it is also said this means: He cleanse them by means of them giving the poor-due from their wealth, and also by them repenting; in other words: He invites them to do so, ( and to teach them the Scripture ) i.e. the Qur’an ( and Wisdom ) the lawful and the unlawful; it is also said this means: knowledge and the admonitions of the Qur’an, ( though heretofore ) before the Prophet ( pbuh ) brought them the Qur’an ( they ) i.e. the Arabs ( were indeed in error manifest ) in manifest disbelief,

He it is Who sent among the unlettered ones a Messenger (Muhammad SAW) from among themselves, reciting to them His Verses, purifying them (from the filth of disbelief and polytheism), and teaching them the Book (this Quran, Islamic laws and Islamic jurisprudence) and Al-Hikmah (As-Sunnah: legal ways, orders, acts of worship, etc. of Prophet Muhammad SAW). And verily, they had been before in mainfest error;

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