Surah Hadid ayat 23 Tafsir Quran 57:23

﴿لِّكَيْلَا تَأْسَوْا عَلَىٰ مَا فَاتَكُمْ وَلَا تَفْرَحُوا بِمَا آتَاكُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ مُخْتَالٍ فَخُورٍ﴾
[ الحديد: 23]

57:23 In order that you not despair over what has eluded you and not exult [in pride] over what He has given you. And Allah does not like everyone self-deluded and boastful -

so that you may not kay-lā kay makes a verb subjunctive with the same sense as an as in an-lā ‘so that … not’ that is to say God informs you of this so that you may not grieve for what escapes you nor exult with a wanton exultation rather an exultation that is followed by a thanksgiving for the grace at what He has given you read thus as ātākum; or read as atākum meaning ‘at what has come to you from Him’. For God does not like any swaggering braggart swaggering in arrogance because of what he has been given boastful of it to people;

So that you people apprehend that what has befallen you would never have missed you, nor what failed to hit you was meant to aim at you; and so do not nurse despair nor grieve at heart for what you failed to attain, nor boast your wit and exult over the favours you were made to wear, for Allah detests every boastful who exalts himself unduly and displays inordinate self-esteens

Everything that affects Mankind, is duly measured and destined Allah reminds of His measuring and deciding the destiny of all things before He created the creation, مَآ أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَلاَ فِى أَنفُسِكُمْ ( No calamity occurs on the earth nor in yourselves ) meaning, `there is nothing that touches you or happens in existence,' إِلاَّ فِى كِتَـبٍ مِّن قَبْلِ أَن نَّبْرَأَهَآ ( but it is inscribed in the Book of Decrees before We bring it into existence. ) meaning, `before We created the creation and started life.' Qatadah commented on this Ayah, مَآ أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِى الاٌّرْضِ ( No calamity occurs on the earth ) refers to famine, while, وَلاَ فِى أَنفُسِكُمْ ( or nor in yourselves ) refers to suffering and diseases." He also said, "We were told that every person who suffers a prick of a thorn, a twisted ankle, or a bleeding vein, has it occur on account of his sins.
What Allah forgives is even more." This great, honorable Ayah provides clear evidence to the misguidance of the cursed Qadariyyah sect, who deny Allah's Preordaihnent and His knowledge of everything before it occurs.
Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`As said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say,
«قَدَّرَ اللهُ الْمَقَادِيرَ قَبلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ السَّموَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِخَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَة»
( Allah ordained the measures (of everything ) fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and the earth.)" Muslim collected this Hadith in his Sahih with the addition:
«وَكَانَ عَرْشُهُ عَلَى الْمَاء»
( And His Throne was over the water. ) At-Tirmidhi also collected it and said, "Hasan Sahih." Allah's statement, إِنَّ ذلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ ( Verily, that is easy for Allah. ) means that He knows all things before they occur, and He records them exactly as they will occur when they occur, and this is easy for Him.
Verily, Allah knows what happened, what will happen and what did not happen, and what shape and form it will take if it were to happen. Ordering Patience and Gratitude Allah said, لِّكَيْلاَ تَأْسَوْاْ عَلَى مَا فَاتَكُمْ وَلاَ تَفْرَحُواْ بِمَآ ءَاتَـكُمْ ( In order that you may not grieve at the things over that you fail to get, nor rejoice over that which has been given to you. ) meaning, `We informed you of Our encompassing knowledge, recording all things before they occur and creating all things in due measure known to Us, so that you may know that what has met you would never have missed you and what has missed you would never have met you.
Therefore, do not grieve for what you have missed of fortune, because had it been destined for you, you would have achieved it.' ( It is also recited: ) ( وَلَا تَفْرَحُوْا بِمَا أَتَاكُمْ ) ( nor rejoice over that which came to you ) meaning, come to you.
According to the recitation, ءَاتَـكُمُ it means ( which has been given to you. ) Both meanings are related.
Allah says here, `do not boast before people about what Allah has favored you with, because it is not you who earned it by your efforts.
Rather, all this came your way because Allah destined them for you and provided them for you as provisions.
Therefore, do not use what Allah has granted you as a reason to boast and become arrogant with others.' Allah's statement, وَاللَّهُ لاَ يُحِبُّ كُلَّ مُخْتَالٍ فَخُورٍ ( And Allah likes not prideful boasters. ) meaning, who acts arrogantly with other people.
`Ikrimah commented by saying, "Everyone of us feels happiness and grief.
However, make your joy with gratitude and endure your grief with patience." Censuring the Stinginess Allah the Exalted then said, الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ وَيَأْمُرُونَ النَّاسَ بِالْبُخْلِ ( Those who are misers and enjoin miserliness upon people. ) meaning those who commit evil and encourage people to commit it, وَمَن يَتَوَلَّ ( And whosoever turns away, ) from abiding by Allah's commandments and obeying Him, فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْغَنِىُّ الْحَمِيدُ ( then Allah is Rich, Worthy of all praise. ) As Musa, peace be upon him, said, إِن تَكْفُرُواْ أَنتُمْ وَمَن فِى الاٌّرْضِ جَمِيعًا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَغَنِىٌّ حَمِيدٌ ( If you disbelieve, you and all on earth together, then verily, Allah is Rich, Owner of all praise. )( 14:8 )

(57:23) (We do so) that you may not grieve over *42 the loss you suffer, nor exult over what He gave you. Allah does not love the vainglorious, the boastful,

In order that you not despair over meaning

*42) In order to understand why this has been said in that context, one should keep in mind the conditions through which the Muslims were passing at the time this Surah was revealed.
'An ever present danger of attack by the enemy, battles in quick succession, a state of constant siege, hardships caused by economic boycott by the disbelievers, persecution of the converts to Islam everywhere in Arabia, these were the conditions that the Muslims were confronted with at that time.
The disbelievers looked upon these as a proof of the Muslims having been forsaken and rejected, and the hypocrites took these as a confirmation of their own suspicions and doubts.
As for the sincere Muslims, they were facing these bravely and resolutely, yet the excess of hardship and suffering would sometimes become trying even for them.
So, the Muslims are being consoled, as if to say: " No affliction, God forbid, has befallen you without the knowledge of your Lord.
Whatever you are experiencing is according to the pre-ordained scheme of Allah, which is already recorded in the Writ of destiny.
And you are being made to pass through these trials and tribulations for the sake of your own training for the great service that Allah wills to take from you.
If you are made to attain to success without passing through these hardships, weaknesses will remain in your character due to which you will neither be able to digest power and authority nor withstand the tempests and furies of falsehood. "
 

Everything that affects Mankind, is duly measured and destined Allah reminds of His measuring and deciding the destiny of all things before He created the creation, مَآ أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَلاَ فِى أَنفُسِكُمْ ( No calamity occurs on the earth nor in yourselves ) meaning, `there is nothing that touches you or happens in existence,' إِلاَّ فِى كِتَـبٍ مِّن قَبْلِ أَن نَّبْرَأَهَآ ( but it is inscribed in the Book of Decrees before We bring it into existence. ) meaning, `before We created the creation and started life.' Qatadah commented on this Ayah, مَآ أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِى الاٌّرْضِ ( No calamity occurs on the earth ) refers to famine, while, وَلاَ فِى أَنفُسِكُمْ ( or nor in yourselves ) refers to suffering and diseases." He also said, "We were told that every person who suffers a prick of a thorn, a twisted ankle, or a bleeding vein, has it occur on account of his sins.
What Allah forgives is even more." This great, honorable Ayah provides clear evidence to the misguidance of the cursed Qadariyyah sect, who deny Allah's Preordaihnent and His knowledge of everything before it occurs.
Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`As said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, «قَدَّرَ اللهُ الْمَقَادِيرَ قَبلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ السَّموَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِخَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَة» ( Allah ordained the measures (of everything ) fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and the earth.)" Muslim collected this Hadith in his Sahih with the addition: «وَكَانَ عَرْشُهُ عَلَى الْمَاء» ( And His Throne was over the water. ) At-Tirmidhi also collected it and said, "Hasan Sahih." Allah's statement, إِنَّ ذلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ ( Verily, that is easy for Allah. ) means that He knows all things before they occur, and He records them exactly as they will occur when they occur, and this is easy for Him.
Verily, Allah knows what happened, what will happen and what did not happen, and what shape and form it will take if it were to happen. Ordering Patience and Gratitude Allah said, لِّكَيْلاَ تَأْسَوْاْ عَلَى مَا فَاتَكُمْ وَلاَ تَفْرَحُواْ بِمَآ ءَاتَـكُمْ ( In order that you may not grieve at the things over that you fail to get, nor rejoice over that which has been given to you. ) meaning, `We informed you of Our encompassing knowledge, recording all things before they occur and creating all things in due measure known to Us, so that you may know that what has met you would never have missed you and what has missed you would never have met you.
Therefore, do not grieve for what you have missed of fortune, because had it been destined for you, you would have achieved it.' ( It is also recited: ) ( وَلَا تَفْرَحُوْا بِمَا أَتَاكُمْ ) ( nor rejoice over that which came to you ) meaning, come to you.
According to the recitation, ءَاتَـكُمُ it means ( which has been given to you. ) Both meanings are related.
Allah says here, `do not boast before people about what Allah has favored you with, because it is not you who earned it by your efforts.
Rather, all this came your way because Allah destined them for you and provided them for you as provisions.
Therefore, do not use what Allah has granted you as a reason to boast and become arrogant with others.' Allah's statement, وَاللَّهُ لاَ يُحِبُّ كُلَّ مُخْتَالٍ فَخُورٍ ( And Allah likes not prideful boasters. ) meaning, who acts arrogantly with other people.
`Ikrimah commented by saying, "Everyone of us feels happiness and grief.
However, make your joy with gratitude and endure your grief with patience." Censuring the Stinginess Allah the Exalted then said, الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ وَيَأْمُرُونَ النَّاسَ بِالْبُخْلِ ( Those who are misers and enjoin miserliness upon people. ) meaning those who commit evil and encourage people to commit it, وَمَن يَتَوَلَّ ( And whosoever turns away, ) from abiding by Allah's commandments and obeying Him, فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْغَنِىُّ الْحَمِيدُ ( then Allah is Rich, Worthy of all praise. ) As Musa, peace be upon him, said, إِن تَكْفُرُواْ أَنتُمْ وَمَن فِى الاٌّرْضِ جَمِيعًا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَغَنِىٌّ حَمِيدٌ ( If you disbelieve, you and all on earth together, then verily, Allah is Rich, Owner of all praise. )( 14:8 )

( That ye grieve not for the sake of that which hath escaped you ) of provision and well-being and say it has not been decreed for us, ( nor yet exult because of that which hath been given ) and say: He has given this to us. ( Allah loveth not all prideful ) in their walk ( boasters ) regarding the bounties of Allah; it is also said that this means: Allah loves not all prideful people about their disbelief and boasters about their idolatry; this is in reference to the Jews,

In order that you may not be sad over matters that you fail to get, nor rejoice because of that which has been given to you. And Allah likes not prideful boasters.

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