Surah Jinn ayat 23 Tafsir Quran 72:23

﴿إِلَّا بَلَاغًا مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرِسَالَاتِهِ ۚ وَمَن يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَإِنَّ لَهُ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا﴾
[ الجن: 23]

72:23 But [I have for you] only notification from Allah, and His messages." And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger - then indeed, for him is the fire of Hell; they will abide therein forever.

I have power to bring you only a communication illā balāghan is excepted from the direct object clause of amliku ‘I have power to bring’ that is to say I have power only to communicate the Message to you from God that is on His behalf and His Messages wa-risālātihi is a supplement to balāghan ‘a communication’; what comes between the excepted clause and the clause from which it is excepted is a parenthetical statement intended to emphasise the preclusion of the Prophet’s ‘ability to bring them anything else’. And whoever disobeys God and His Messenger concerning the affirmation of His Oneness and hence does not believe — indeed there will be for him the fire of Hell abiding khālidīna is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the person indicated by man ‘whoever’ in lahu ‘for him’ taking into account its plural import; it khālidīna is also an implied circumstantial qualifier in other words they shall enter it with their abiding having been preordained therein forever’.

But I can only submit to you the facts revealed by Allah and deliver to you His Divine Message, and he who disobeys Allah and His Messenger shall suffer Hell wherein he and such persons shall remain forever

The Command to worship Allah Alone and shun Shirk Allah commands His servants to single Him out alone for worship and that none should be supplicated to along with Him, nor should any partners be associated with Him.
As Qatadah said concerning Allah's statement, وَأَنَّ الْمَسَـجِدَ لِلَّهِ فَلاَ تَدْعُواْ مَعَ اللَّهِ أَحَداً ( And the Masjids are for Allah, so invoke not anyone along with Allah. ) "Whenever the Jews and Christians used to enter their churches and synagogues, they would associate partners with Allah.
Thus, Allah commanded His Prophet to tell them that they should single Him out alone for worship." Ibn Jarir recorded from Sa`id bin Jubayr that he said concerning this verse, وَأَنَّ الْمَسَـجِدَ لِلَّهِ فَلاَ تَدْعُواْ مَعَ اللَّهِ أَحَداً ( And the Masjids are for Allah, so invoke not anyone along with Allah. ) "The Jinns said to the Prophet of Allah , `How can we come to the Masjid while we are distant - meaning very far away - from you And how can we be present for the prayer while we are far away from you' So Allah revealed this Ayah, وَأَنَّ الْمَسَـجِدَ لِلَّهِ فَلاَ تَدْعُواْ مَعَ اللَّهِ أَحَداً ( And the Masjids are for Allah, so invoke not anyone along with Allah. )" The Jinns crowding together to hear the Qur'an Allah said, وَأَنَّهُ لَّمَا قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَدْعُوهُ كَادُواْ يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَداً ( And when the servant of Allah stood up invoking Him in prayer they just made round him a dense crowd as if sticking one over the other. ) Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas, "When they heard the Prophet reciting the Qur'an they almost mounted on top of him due to their zeal.
When they heard him reciting the Qur'an they drew very near to him.
He was unaware of them until the messenger ( i.e., Jibril ) came to him and made him recite, قُلْ أُوحِىَ إِلَىَّ أَنَّهُ اسْتَمَعَ نَفَرٌ مِّنَ الْجِنِّ ( Say: "It has been revealed to me that a group of Jinn listened." ) ( 72:1 ) They were listening to the Qur'an." This is one opinion and it has been reported from Az-Zubayr bin Al-`Awwam.
Ibn Jarir recorded from Ibn `Abbas that he said, "The Jinns said to their people, لَّمَا قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَدْعُوهُ كَادُواْ يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَداً ( when the servant of Allah stood up invoking Him in prayer they just made round him a dense crowd as if sticking one over the other. ) )" This is the second view and it has also been reported from Sa`id bin Jubayr.
Al-Hasan said, "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up and said none has the right to be worshipped except Allah, and he called the people to their Lord, the Arabs almost crowded over him together ( against him )." Qatadah said concerning Allah's statement, وَأَنَّهُ لَّمَا قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَدْعُوهُ كَادُواْ يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَداً ( when the servant of Allah stood up invoking Him in prayer they just made round him a dense crowd as if sticking one over the other. ) "Humans and Jinns both crowded together over this matter in order to extinguish it.
However, Allah insisted upon helping it, supporting it and making it victorious over those who opposed it." This is the third view and it has also been reported from Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Sa`id bin Jubayr and Ibn Zayd.
It was also the view preferred by Ibn Jarir.
This view seems to be the most apparent meaning of the Ayah due to Allah's statement which follows it, قُلْ إِنَّمَآ أَدْعُو رَبِّى وَلاَ أُشْرِكُ بِهِ أَحَداً ( Say: "I invoke only my Lord, and I associate none as partners along with Him." ) meaning, when they harmed him, opposed him, denied him and stood against him in order to thwart the truth he came with, and to unite against him, the Messenger ﷺ said to them إِنَّمَآ أَدْعُو رَبِّى ( I invoke only my Lord, ) meaning, `I only worship my Lord alone, and He has no partners.
I seek His help and I put my trust in Him.' وَلاَ أُشْرِكُ بِهِ أَحَداً ( and I associate none as partners along with Him. ) The Messenger ﷺ does not have Power to harm or give Guidance Concerning Allah's statement, قُلْ إِنِّى لاَ أَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ ضَرّاً وَلاَ رَشَداً ( Say: "It is not in my power to cause you harm, or to bring you to the right path." ) meaning, `say: I am only a man like you all and I have received revelation.
I am only a servant among the servants of Allah.
I have no control over the affairs of your guidance or your misguidance.
Rather all of these things are referred to Allah.' Then he ( the Prophet ) says about himself that no one can save him from Allah either.
This means, `if I disobey Allah, then no one would be able to rescue me from His punishment.' وَلَنْ أَجِدَ مِن دُونِهِ مُلْتَحَداً ( and nor can I find refuge except in Him. ) Mujahid, Qatadah and As-Suddi all said, "No place to escape to." It is only obligatory upon the Messenger ﷺ to convey the Message Concerning Allah's statement, إِلاَّ بَلاَغاً مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرِسَـلَـتِهِ ( (Mine is ) but conveyance from Allah and His Messages,) This is an exception related to the previous statement, لَن يُجِيرَنِى مِنَ اللَّهِ أَحَدٌ ( None can protect me from Allah's punishment, ) meaning, `nothing can save me from Him and rescue me except my conveyance of the Message that He has obligated me to carry out.' This is as Allah says, يَـأَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ مَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ وَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلْ فَمَا بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَتَهُ وَاللَّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ ( O Messenger! Proclaim which has been sent down to you from your Lord.
And if you do not, then you have not conveyed His Message.
Allah will protect you from mankind. ) ( 5:67 ) Then Allah says, وَمَن يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَإِنَّ لَهُ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَداً ( and whosoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger, then verily, for him is the fire of Hell, he shall dwell therein forever. ) meaning, `I will convey unto you all the Messages of Allah, so whoever disobeys after that, then his reward will be the fire of Hell wherein he will abide forever.' This means, they will not be able to avoid it nor escape from it.
Then Allah says, حَتَّى إِذَا رَأَوْاْ مَا يُوعَدُونَ فَسَيَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ أَضْعَفُ نَاصِراً وَأَقَلُّ عَدَداً ( Till, when they see that which they are promised, then they will know who it is that is weaker concerning helpers and less important concerning numbers. ) meaning, until these idolators from the Jinns and humans see what has been promised to them on the Day of Judgement.
Then on that day, they will know who's helpers are weaker and fewer in number -- them or the believers who worship Allah alone.
This means that the idolators have no helper at all and they are fewer in number than the soldiers of Allah.

(72:23) (My task is no more than) to deliver Allah's proclamation and His messages. *22 And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger, surely the Fire of Hell awaits him; therein he will abide in perpetuity.' *23

But [I have for you] only notification meaning

*22) That is, " I do not claim to have any share or role in the Godhead of AIIah, nor that I possess any power in making or marring the people's destinies.
I am only a Messenger and the mission that has been entrusted to me is no more than that I should convey the messages of Allah to you.
As for the powers of Godhead, they wholly belong to Allah.
Not to speak of benefiting or harming others, I do not have the power to cause good or harm even to myself.
If I disobey AIlah, I cannot seek and have refuge anywhere from His punishment, and 1 have no helper and protector beside AIIah. " ( For further explanation, see E.N.
7 of Ash-Shura ).

*23) This does not mean that every sin and act of disobedience will cause one to live in Hell for ever, but in view of the context in which this thing bas been said, the verse means: the one who dces not accept the invitation to Tauhid given by AIlah and His Messenger and does not refrain from polytheism will suffer in Hell for ever.

 

The Command to worship Allah Alone and shun Shirk Allah commands His servants to single Him out alone for worship and that none should be supplicated to along with Him, nor should any partners be associated with Him.
As Qatadah said concerning Allah's statement, وَأَنَّ الْمَسَـجِدَ لِلَّهِ فَلاَ تَدْعُواْ مَعَ اللَّهِ أَحَداً ( And the Masjids are for Allah, so invoke not anyone along with Allah. ) "Whenever the Jews and Christians used to enter their churches and synagogues, they would associate partners with Allah.
Thus, Allah commanded His Prophet to tell them that they should single Him out alone for worship." Ibn Jarir recorded from Sa`id bin Jubayr that he said concerning this verse, وَأَنَّ الْمَسَـجِدَ لِلَّهِ فَلاَ تَدْعُواْ مَعَ اللَّهِ أَحَداً ( And the Masjids are for Allah, so invoke not anyone along with Allah. ) "The Jinns said to the Prophet of Allah , `How can we come to the Masjid while we are distant - meaning very far away - from you And how can we be present for the prayer while we are far away from you' So Allah revealed this Ayah, وَأَنَّ الْمَسَـجِدَ لِلَّهِ فَلاَ تَدْعُواْ مَعَ اللَّهِ أَحَداً ( And the Masjids are for Allah, so invoke not anyone along with Allah. )" The Jinns crowding together to hear the Qur'an Allah said, وَأَنَّهُ لَّمَا قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَدْعُوهُ كَادُواْ يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَداً ( And when the servant of Allah stood up invoking Him in prayer they just made round him a dense crowd as if sticking one over the other. ) Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas, "When they heard the Prophet reciting the Qur'an they almost mounted on top of him due to their zeal.
When they heard him reciting the Qur'an they drew very near to him.
He was unaware of them until the messenger ( i.e., Jibril ) came to him and made him recite, قُلْ أُوحِىَ إِلَىَّ أَنَّهُ اسْتَمَعَ نَفَرٌ مِّنَ الْجِنِّ ( Say: "It has been revealed to me that a group of Jinn listened." ) ( 72:1 ) They were listening to the Qur'an." This is one opinion and it has been reported from Az-Zubayr bin Al-`Awwam.
Ibn Jarir recorded from Ibn `Abbas that he said, "The Jinns said to their people, لَّمَا قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَدْعُوهُ كَادُواْ يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَداً ( when the servant of Allah stood up invoking Him in prayer they just made round him a dense crowd as if sticking one over the other. ) )" This is the second view and it has also been reported from Sa`id bin Jubayr.
Al-Hasan said, "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up and said none has the right to be worshipped except Allah, and he called the people to their Lord, the Arabs almost crowded over him together ( against him )." Qatadah said concerning Allah's statement, وَأَنَّهُ لَّمَا قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَدْعُوهُ كَادُواْ يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَداً ( when the servant of Allah stood up invoking Him in prayer they just made round him a dense crowd as if sticking one over the other. ) "Humans and Jinns both crowded together over this matter in order to extinguish it.
However, Allah insisted upon helping it, supporting it and making it victorious over those who opposed it." This is the third view and it has also been reported from Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Sa`id bin Jubayr and Ibn Zayd.
It was also the view preferred by Ibn Jarir.
This view seems to be the most apparent meaning of the Ayah due to Allah's statement which follows it, قُلْ إِنَّمَآ أَدْعُو رَبِّى وَلاَ أُشْرِكُ بِهِ أَحَداً ( Say: "I invoke only my Lord, and I associate none as partners along with Him." ) meaning, when they harmed him, opposed him, denied him and stood against him in order to thwart the truth he came with, and to unite against him, the Messenger ﷺ said to them إِنَّمَآ أَدْعُو رَبِّى ( I invoke only my Lord, ) meaning, `I only worship my Lord alone, and He has no partners.
I seek His help and I put my trust in Him.' وَلاَ أُشْرِكُ بِهِ أَحَداً ( and I associate none as partners along with Him. ) The Messenger ﷺ does not have Power to harm or give Guidance Concerning Allah's statement, قُلْ إِنِّى لاَ أَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ ضَرّاً وَلاَ رَشَداً ( Say: "It is not in my power to cause you harm, or to bring you to the right path." ) meaning, `say: I am only a man like you all and I have received revelation.
I am only a servant among the servants of Allah.
I have no control over the affairs of your guidance or your misguidance.
Rather all of these things are referred to Allah.' Then he ( the Prophet ) says about himself that no one can save him from Allah either.
This means, `if I disobey Allah, then no one would be able to rescue me from His punishment.' وَلَنْ أَجِدَ مِن دُونِهِ مُلْتَحَداً ( and nor can I find refuge except in Him. ) Mujahid, Qatadah and As-Suddi all said, "No place to escape to." It is only obligatory upon the Messenger ﷺ to convey the Message Concerning Allah's statement, إِلاَّ بَلاَغاً مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرِسَـلَـتِهِ ( (Mine is ) but conveyance from Allah and His Messages,) This is an exception related to the previous statement, لَن يُجِيرَنِى مِنَ اللَّهِ أَحَدٌ ( None can protect me from Allah's punishment, ) meaning, `nothing can save me from Him and rescue me except my conveyance of the Message that He has obligated me to carry out.' This is as Allah says, يَـأَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ مَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ وَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلْ فَمَا بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَتَهُ وَاللَّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ ( O Messenger! Proclaim which has been sent down to you from your Lord.
And if you do not, then you have not conveyed His Message.
Allah will protect you from mankind. ) ( 5:67 ) Then Allah says, وَمَن يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَإِنَّ لَهُ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَداً ( and whosoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger, then verily, for him is the fire of Hell, he shall dwell therein forever. ) meaning, `I will convey unto you all the Messages of Allah, so whoever disobeys after that, then his reward will be the fire of Hell wherein he will abide forever.' This means, they will not be able to avoid it nor escape from it.
Then Allah says, حَتَّى إِذَا رَأَوْاْ مَا يُوعَدُونَ فَسَيَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ أَضْعَفُ نَاصِراً وَأَقَلُّ عَدَداً ( Till, when they see that which they are promised, then they will know who it is that is weaker concerning helpers and less important concerning numbers. ) meaning, until these idolators from the Jinns and humans see what has been promised to them on the Day of Judgement.
Then on that day, they will know who's helpers are weaker and fewer in number -- them or the believers who worship Allah alone.
This means that the idolators have no helper at all and they are fewer in number than the soldiers of Allah.

( (Mine is ) but conveyance ( of the Truth ) from Allah) he says: nothing can save me except conveyance on behalf of Allah, ( and His messages; and whoso disobeyeth Allah ) regarding Allah’s divine Oneness ( and His messenger ) in his conveyance of the message, ( lo! His ) in the Hereafter ( is fire of hell, wherein such dwell forever ) never to die or leave it.

"(Mine is) but conveyance (of the truth) from Allah and His Messages (of Islamic Monotheism), and whosoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger, then verily, for him is the Fire of Hell, he shall dwell therein forever."

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