Surah Baqarah ayat 284 Tafsir Quran 2:284

﴿لِّلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ۗ وَإِن تُبْدُوا مَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ يُحَاسِبْكُم بِهِ اللَّهُ ۖ فَيَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَاءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَاءُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ﴾
[ البقرة: 284]

2:284 To Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth. Whether you show what is within yourselves or conceal it, Allah will bring you to account for it. Then He will forgive whom He wills and punish whom He wills, and Allah is over all things competent.

To God belongs all that is in the heavens and the earth. Whether you disclose manifest what is in your hearts or hide it of evil and resolve for it God shall take you to account for it informing you of it on the Day of Resurrection. Then He will forgive whom He will to forgive and chastise whom He will to chastise both verbs are apocopated fa-yaghfir ‘he will forgive’ wa-yu‘adhdhib ‘he will chastise’ if taken as the responses to the conditional in tubdū ‘if you proclaim’; but they may also be read with a final nominative inflection yaghfiru yu‘adhdhibu in which case it would constitute a new clause and follow on from an implicit fa-huwa ‘then He’. And God has power over all things including reckoning with you and requiting you.

To Allah belong all in the heavens and earth and realise that regardless of how you express yourself, in words or secretly in the mind and heart, all comes to Allah’s knowledge, and He shall judge you accordingly. He shall then extend mercy and forgiveness to whom He will and put to torment whom He will, and Allah is Qadirun to effect all things

Would the Servants be Accountable for What They Conceal in Their Hearts Allah states that His is the kingship of the heavens and earth and of what and whoever is on or between them, that He has perfect watch over them.
No apparent matter or secret that the heart conceals is ever a secret to Him, however minor it is.
Allah also states that He will hold His servants accountable for what they do and what they conceal in their hearts.
In similar statements, Allah said, قُلْ إِن تُخْفُواْ مَا فِى صُدُورِكُمْ أَوْ تُبْدُوهُ يَعْلَمْهُ اللَّهُ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ( Say (O Muhammad ): "Whether you hide what is in your breasts or reveal it, Allah knows it, and He knows what is in the heavens and what is in the earth.
And Allah is able to do all things) 3:29, and, يَعْلَمُ السِّرَّ وَأَخْفَى ( He knows the secret and that which is yet more hidden. ) There are many other Ayat on this subject.
In this Ayah 2:284, Allah states that He has knowledge of what the hearts conceal, and consequently, He will hold the creation accountable for whatever is in their hearts.
This is why when this Ayah was revealed, it was hard on the Companions, since out of their strong faith and conviction, they were afraid that such reckoning would diminish their good deeds. Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah said, "When لِّلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَـوتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَإِن تُبْدُواْ مَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ يُحَاسِبْكُم بِهِ اللَّهُ فَيَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ( To Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth, and whether you disclose what is in yourselves or conceal it, Allah will call you to account for it.
Then He forgives whom He wills and punishes whom He wills.
And Allah is able to do all things ) was revealed to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , it was very hard for the Companions of the Messenger .
The Companions came to the Messenger and fell to their knees saying, `O Messenger of Allah! We were asked to perform what we can bear of deeds: the prayer, the fast, Jihad and charity.
However, this Ayah was revealed to you, and we cannot bear it.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«أَتُرِيدُونَ أَنْ تَقُولُوا كَما قَالَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابَيْنِ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ: سَمِعْنَا وَعَصَيْنَا؟ بَلْ قُولُوا: سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِير»
( Do you want to repeat what the People of the Two Scriptures before you said, that is, `We hear and we disobey' Rather, say, `We hear and we obey, and we seek Your forgiveness, O our Lord, and the Return is to You. ) When the people accepted this statement and their tongues recited it, Allah sent down afterwards, ءَامَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَـئِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ لاَ نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِّن رُّسُلِهِ وَقَالُواْ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ ( The Messenger believes in what has been sent down to him from his Lord, and (so do )the believers.
Each one believes in Allah, His Angels, His Books, and His Messengers.
( They say, ) "We make no distinction between one another of His Messengers ـ and they say, "We hear, and we obey.
( We seek ) Your forgiveness, our Lord, and to You is the return ( of all ).") When they did that, Allah abrogated the Ayah 2:284 and sent down the Ayah, لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ رَبَّنَا لاَ تُؤَاخِذْنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا ( Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope.
He gets reward for that (good ) which he has earned, and he is punished for that ( evil ) which he has earned.
"Our Lord! Punish us not if we forget or fall into error.") until the end." Muslim recorded it with the wording; "When they did that, Allah abrogated it 2:284 and sent down, لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ رَبَّنَا لاَ تُؤَاخِذْنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا ( Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope.
He gets reward for that (good ) which he has earned, and he is punished for that ( evil ) which he has earned.
"Our Lord! Punish us not if we forget or fall into error".) Allah said, `I shall ( accept your supplication ),' رَبَّنَا وَلاَ تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَآ إِصْرًا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِنَا ( "Our Lord! Lay not on us a burden like that which You did lay on those before us (Jews and Christians )") Allah said, `I shall ( accept your supplication ),' رَبَّنَا وَلاَ تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لاَ طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ ( "Our Lord! Put not on us a burden greater than we have strength to bear.
" ) Allah said, `I shall ( accept your supplication ),' وَاعْفُ عَنَّا وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَارْحَمْنَآ أَنتَ مَوْلَـنَا فَانْصُرْنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكَـفِرِينَ ( "Pardon us and grant us forgiveness.
Have mercy on us.
You are our Mawla (Supporter and Protector ) and give us victory over the disbelieving people.") Allah said, `I shall."' Imam Ahmad recorded that Mujahid said, "I saw Ibn `Abbas and said to him, `O Abu Abbas! I was with Ibn `Umar, and he read this Ayah and cried.' He asked, `Which Ayah' I said, وَإِن تُبْدُواْ مَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ `( And whether you disclose what is in yourselves or conceal it. )' Ibn `Abbas said, `When this Ayah was revealed, it was very hard on the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and worried them tremendously.
They said: O Messenger of Allah! We know that we would be punished according to our statements and our actions, but as for what occurs in our hearts, we do not control what is in them.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«قُولُوا: سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا»
( Say, `We hear and we obey.' ) They said, `We hear and we obey.' Thereafter, this Ayah abrogated the previous Ayah, ءَامَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِاللَّهِ ( The Messenger believes in what has been sent down to him from his Lord, and (so do ) the believers.
Each one believes in Allah), until, لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ ( Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope.
He gets reward for that (good ) which he has earned, and he is punished for that ( evil ) which he has earned.) Therefore, they were pardoned what happens in their hearts, and were held accountable only for their actions."' The Group recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«إِنَّ اللهَ تَجَاوَزَ لِي عَنْ أُمَّتِي مَا حَدَّثَتْ بِهِ أَنْفُسَهَا مَالَمْ تَكَلَّمْ أَوْ تَعْمَل»
( Allah has pardoned my Ummah for what they say to themselves, as long as they do not utter it or act on it. ) The Two Sahihs recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«قَالَ اللهُ: إِذَا هَمَّ عَبْدِي بِسَيِّئَةٍ فَلَا تَكْتُبُوهَا عَلَيهِ، فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا فَاكْتُبُوهَا سَيِّئَةً، وَإِذَا هَمَّ بِحَسَنَةٍ فَلَمْ يَعْمَلْهَا فَاكْتُبُوهَا حَسَنَةً، فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا فَاكْتُبُوهَا عَشْرًا»
( Allah said (to His angels ), "If My servant intends to commit an evil deed, do not record it as such for him, and if he commits it, write it for him as one evil deed.
If he intends to perform a good deed, but did not perform it, then write it for him as one good deed, and if he performs it, write it for him as ten good deeds.")

(2:284) To Allah belongs whatever *333 is in the heavens and the earth. *334 " Allah will call you to account for what is in your minds whether you disclose it or hide *335 it. He, however, had full authority to pardon or punish anyone He pleases, for Allah has complete power over everything. *336

To Allah belongs whatever is in the meaning

*333).
These are the concluding observations on the subject.
Just as this surah opened with an enunciation of the basic teachings of religion, so the fundamentals upon which Islam rests are reiterated in the concluding section of the surah, It is useful to go through the first section of this surah ( see verses 1-5 ) while reading these concluding verses.

*334).
This is the first fundamental principle of Islam.
That God is the Sovereign of the heavens and the earth and all they contain, and that it is improper for man not to bend himself in obedience and service to God.

*335).
This sentence mentions two other matters.
First, that man is individually responsible to, and answerable before, God.
Second, that the Lord of the heavens and the earth, before Whom man is answerable, is All-Knowing.
Thus, nothing is concealed from Him, not even intentions and thoughts which lie hidden deep in the hearts and minds of people.

*336).
This refers to God's absolute authority.
He is not bound by laws framed by others which might limit Him to operating in a certain manner.
He is an absolute sovereign and has the full power either to punish or pardon people.

 

Would the Servants be Accountable for What They Conceal in Their Hearts Allah states that His is the kingship of the heavens and earth and of what and whoever is on or between them, that He has perfect watch over them.
No apparent matter or secret that the heart conceals is ever a secret to Him, however minor it is.
Allah also states that He will hold His servants accountable for what they do and what they conceal in their hearts.
In similar statements, Allah said, قُلْ إِن تُخْفُواْ مَا فِى صُدُورِكُمْ أَوْ تُبْدُوهُ يَعْلَمْهُ اللَّهُ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ( Say (O Muhammad ): "Whether you hide what is in your breasts or reveal it, Allah knows it, and He knows what is in the heavens and what is in the earth.
And Allah is able to do all things) 3:29, and, يَعْلَمُ السِّرَّ وَأَخْفَى ( He knows the secret and that which is yet more hidden. ) There are many other Ayat on this subject.
In this Ayah 2:284, Allah states that He has knowledge of what the hearts conceal, and consequently, He will hold the creation accountable for whatever is in their hearts.
This is why when this Ayah was revealed, it was hard on the Companions, since out of their strong faith and conviction, they were afraid that such reckoning would diminish their good deeds. Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah said, "When لِّلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَـوتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَإِن تُبْدُواْ مَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ يُحَاسِبْكُم بِهِ اللَّهُ فَيَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ( To Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth, and whether you disclose what is in yourselves or conceal it, Allah will call you to account for it.
Then He forgives whom He wills and punishes whom He wills.
And Allah is able to do all things ) was revealed to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , it was very hard for the Companions of the Messenger .
The Companions came to the Messenger and fell to their knees saying, `O Messenger of Allah! We were asked to perform what we can bear of deeds: the prayer, the fast, Jihad and charity.
However, this Ayah was revealed to you, and we cannot bear it.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «أَتُرِيدُونَ أَنْ تَقُولُوا كَما قَالَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابَيْنِ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ: سَمِعْنَا وَعَصَيْنَا؟ بَلْ قُولُوا: سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِير» ( Do you want to repeat what the People of the Two Scriptures before you said, that is, `We hear and we disobey' Rather, say, `We hear and we obey, and we seek Your forgiveness, O our Lord, and the Return is to You. ) When the people accepted this statement and their tongues recited it, Allah sent down afterwards, ءَامَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَـئِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ لاَ نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِّن رُّسُلِهِ وَقَالُواْ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ ( The Messenger believes in what has been sent down to him from his Lord, and (so do )the believers.
Each one believes in Allah, His Angels, His Books, and His Messengers.
( They say, ) "We make no distinction between one another of His Messengers ـ and they say, "We hear, and we obey.
( We seek ) Your forgiveness, our Lord, and to You is the return ( of all ).") When they did that, Allah abrogated the Ayah 2:284 and sent down the Ayah, لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ رَبَّنَا لاَ تُؤَاخِذْنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا ( Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope.
He gets reward for that (good ) which he has earned, and he is punished for that ( evil ) which he has earned.
"Our Lord! Punish us not if we forget or fall into error.") until the end." Muslim recorded it with the wording; "When they did that, Allah abrogated it 2:284 and sent down, لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ رَبَّنَا لاَ تُؤَاخِذْنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا ( Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope.
He gets reward for that (good ) which he has earned, and he is punished for that ( evil ) which he has earned.
"Our Lord! Punish us not if we forget or fall into error".) Allah said, `I shall ( accept your supplication ),' رَبَّنَا وَلاَ تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَآ إِصْرًا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِنَا ( "Our Lord! Lay not on us a burden like that which You did lay on those before us (Jews and Christians )") Allah said, `I shall ( accept your supplication ),' رَبَّنَا وَلاَ تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لاَ طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ ( "Our Lord! Put not on us a burden greater than we have strength to bear.
" ) Allah said, `I shall ( accept your supplication ),' وَاعْفُ عَنَّا وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَارْحَمْنَآ أَنتَ مَوْلَـنَا فَانْصُرْنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكَـفِرِينَ ( "Pardon us and grant us forgiveness.
Have mercy on us.
You are our Mawla (Supporter and Protector ) and give us victory over the disbelieving people.") Allah said, `I shall."' Imam Ahmad recorded that Mujahid said, "I saw Ibn `Abbas and said to him, `O Abu Abbas! I was with Ibn `Umar, and he read this Ayah and cried.' He asked, `Which Ayah' I said, وَإِن تُبْدُواْ مَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ `( And whether you disclose what is in yourselves or conceal it. )' Ibn `Abbas said, `When this Ayah was revealed, it was very hard on the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and worried them tremendously.
They said: O Messenger of Allah! We know that we would be punished according to our statements and our actions, but as for what occurs in our hearts, we do not control what is in them.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «قُولُوا: سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا» ( Say, `We hear and we obey.' ) They said, `We hear and we obey.' Thereafter, this Ayah abrogated the previous Ayah, ءَامَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِاللَّهِ ( The Messenger believes in what has been sent down to him from his Lord, and (so do ) the believers.
Each one believes in Allah), until, لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ ( Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope.
He gets reward for that (good ) which he has earned, and he is punished for that ( evil ) which he has earned.) Therefore, they were pardoned what happens in their hearts, and were held accountable only for their actions."' The Group recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «إِنَّ اللهَ تَجَاوَزَ لِي عَنْ أُمَّتِي مَا حَدَّثَتْ بِهِ أَنْفُسَهَا مَالَمْ تَكَلَّمْ أَوْ تَعْمَل» ( Allah has pardoned my Ummah for what they say to themselves, as long as they do not utter it or act on it. ) The Two Sahihs recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «قَالَ اللهُ: إِذَا هَمَّ عَبْدِي بِسَيِّئَةٍ فَلَا تَكْتُبُوهَا عَلَيهِ، فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا فَاكْتُبُوهَا سَيِّئَةً، وَإِذَا هَمَّ بِحَسَنَةٍ فَلَمْ يَعْمَلْهَا فَاكْتُبُوهَا حَسَنَةً، فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا فَاكْتُبُوهَا عَشْرًا» ( Allah said (to His angels ), "If My servant intends to commit an evil deed, do not record it as such for him, and if he commits it, write it for him as one evil deed.
If he intends to perform a good deed, but did not perform it, then write it for him as one good deed, and if he performs it, write it for him as ten good deeds.")

( Unto Allah (belongeth ) whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth) of created beings and marvels; He commands His servants with whatever He wills; ( and whether ye make known what is in your minds ) in your hearts; this refers to the discourse of the soul after the arousal of one’s misgivings but before one divulges it ( or hide it, Allah will bring you to account for it ) Allah will requite you for it. The same applies to forgetfulness after one remembers, error after being right and coercion after exerting one’s effort freely. ( He will forgive whom He will ) He will forgive the one who repents of all sins ( and He will punish whom He will ) He will punish the one who does not repent. ( And Allah is Able to do all things ) in terms of forgiveness and punishment.

To Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth, and whether you disclose what is in your ownselves or conceal it, Allah will call you to account for it. Then He forgives whom He wills and punishes whom He wills. And Allah is Able to do all things.

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