Surah Al Fath ayat 29 Tafsir Quran 48:29

﴿مُّحَمَّدٌ رَّسُولُ اللَّهِ ۚ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ أَشِدَّاءُ عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ رُحَمَاءُ بَيْنَهُمْ ۖ تَرَاهُمْ رُكَّعًا سُجَّدًا يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًا مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرِضْوَانًا ۖ سِيمَاهُمْ فِي وُجُوهِهِم مِّنْ أَثَرِ السُّجُودِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ مَثَلُهُمْ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ ۚ وَمَثَلُهُمْ فِي الْإِنجِيلِ كَزَرْعٍ أَخْرَجَ شَطْأَهُ فَآزَرَهُ فَاسْتَغْلَظَ فَاسْتَوَىٰ عَلَىٰ سُوقِهِ يُعْجِبُ الزُّرَّاعَ لِيَغِيظَ بِهِمُ الْكُفَّارَ ۗ وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ مِنْهُم مَّغْفِرَةً وَأَجْرًا عَظِيمًا﴾
[ الفتح: 29]

48:29 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; and those with him are forceful against the disbelievers, merciful among themselves. You see them bowing and prostrating [in prayer], seeking bounty from Allah and [His] pleasure. Their mark is on their faces from the trace of prostration. That is their description in the Torah. And their description in the Gospel is as a plant which produces its offshoots and strengthens them so they grow firm and stand upon their stalks, delighting the sowers - so that Allah may enrage by them the disbelievers. Allah has promised those who believe and do righteous deeds among them forgiveness and a great reward.

Muhammad the subject is the Messenger of God its predicate and those who are with him that is his Companions from among the believers wa’lladhīna ma‘ahu another subject the predicate of which is the following ashiddā’u are hard tough against the disbelievers showing them no mercy but merciful among themselves ruhamā’u is a second predicate of wa’lladhīna ma‘ahu ‘and those who are with him’ that is to say they show mutual sympathy and affection for one another much like a father and a son. You see you observe them bowing prostrating in worship both rukka‘an and sujjadan are circumstantial qualifiers. They seek yabtaghūna is the beginning of a new sentence bounty from God and beatitude. Their mark sīmāhum is a subject their distinguishing feature is on their faces fī wujūhihim is its predicate this is a light and a radiance by which in the Hereafter they will be recognised as having been those who used to prostrate in this world from the effect of prostration min athari’l-sujūdi is semantically connected to the same thing to which the predicate is semantically connected that is to say kā’inatan ‘this being from the effect of prostration’; syntactically it is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the subject of kā’inatan which is also the subject of the predicate sc. wujūhihim ‘their faces’. That mentioned description is their description mathaluhum is the subject in the Torah fī’l-tawrāti is the predicate thereof; and their description in the Gospel wa-mathaluhum fī’l-injīli is a subject the predicate of which is what follows is as a seed that sends forth its shoot read shat’ahu or shata’ahu and strengthens it read āzarahu or azarahu nourishing it and assisting it and it grows stout and rises firmly becoming strong and upright upon its stalk its roots sūq is the plural of sāq delighting the sowers that is to say those who planted it on account of its fairness. The Companions may God be pleased with them are being described in this way for at the outset they were weak and very few in number; but then their number grew and they acquired strength in the most wholesome way so that He may enrage the disbelievers by them li-yaghīza bihimu’l-kuffāra is semantically connected to an omitted clause which is suggested by what preceded that is to say ‘they are likened to this so that God may enrage the disbelievers’. God has promised those of them who believe and perform righteous deeds the Companions minhum ‘of them’ min ‘of’ is an indicator of the genus and not partitive for they are all possessed of the mentioned attributes forgiveness and a great reward — Paradise. Both of these rewards will also be given to those who will come after them as is stated in other verses.

Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, and those with him are unrelenting in combat with those who deny Allah but thoughtful of each other, loving and affectionate among themselves. You see them kneeling in supplication and prostrating in adoration in quest of Allahs efficacious grace and making His good will their aim. Their countenances bear evidence of prostrating their reason to Divine Revelation and their looks are bright, beaming with hope. This is the product of a sequence of events portrayed as such in the graphic appearance described thus early in AL-Tawrah (the Torah) and AL-Injil (the Bible). It is a picture standing similitude exact of a seed which began to spring, putting forth its stalk which grew stronger and stronger. It supported leaves, flowers and fruits, displaying a spectacular and imposing situation distressing those who deny Allah and throwing them into mental disorder and discomposure. To those of them, whose hearts reflect the image of religious and spiritual virtues and deeds of wisdom and piety, has Allah promised a gracious reward

Qualities of the Faithful Believers and Their Refinement Allah declares that without doubt, Muhammad ﷺ is truly His Messenger, مُّحَمَّدٌ رَّسُولُ اللَّهِ ( Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. ) and this quality includes every beautiful description.
Allah praises the Companions of the Messenger ﷺ , may Allah be pleased with them all, وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ أَشِدَّآءُ عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ رُحَمَآءُ بَيْنَهُمْ ( And those who are with him are severe against disbelievers, merciful among themselves. ) just as He, the Exalted and Most Honored, said in another Ayah, فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِى اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ يُحِبُّهُمْ وَيُحِبُّونَهُ أَذِلَّةٍ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَعِزَّةٍ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ ( Allah will bring a people whom He will love and they will love Him; humble towards the believers, stern towards the disbelievers. )( 5:54 ) This is the description of the believers; harsh with the disbelievers, merciful and kind to the believers, angry without smiling before the disbelievers, smiling and beaming with pleasure before his believing brother.
Allah the Exalted said in another Ayah, يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ قَاتِلُواْ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَكُمْ مِّنَ الْكُفَّارِ وَلِيَجِدُواْ فِيكُمْ غِلْظَةً ( O you who believe! Fight those of the disbelievers who are close to you, and let them find harshness in you. ) ( 9:123 ) The Prophet said,
«مَثَلُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي تَوَادِّهِمْ وَتَرَاحُمِهِمْ كَمَثَلِ الْجَسَدِ الْوَاحِدِ، إِذَا اشْتَكَى مِنْهُ عُضْوٌ تَدَاعَى لَهُ سَائِرُ الْجَسَدِ بِالْحُمَّى وَالسَّهَر»
( The parable of the believers in their kindness and mercy for each other, is that of the body: when one of its organs falls ill, the rest of the body responds with fever and sleeplessness. ) The Prophet also said,
«الْمُؤْمِنُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ كَالْبُنْيَانِ يَشُدُّ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا»
( A believer to another believer is like a building whose different parts enforce each other. ) Then he clasped his hands with his fingers interlaced.
Both of these Hadiths were collected in the Sahih.
Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said, تَرَاهُمْ رُكَّعاً سُجَّداً يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلاً مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرِضْوَاناً ( You see them bowing and falling down prostrate, seeking reward from Allah and acceptance. ) Allah describes the believers as active in performing righteous deeds and in praying, which is the best action there is, all the while being sincere to Allah the Exalted and Most Honored in the prayer, awaiting His generous reward alone.
Allah's best reward is Paradise that contains His bounties and favors, abundant provisions, as well as, earning His good pleasure that is greater than the former reward.
Allah said, وَرِضْوَنٌ مِّنَ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ ( But the greatest bliss is the acceptance by Allah ) ( 9: 72 ) The statement of Allah the Exalted next, سِيمَـهُمْ فِى وُجُوهِهِمْ مِّنْ أَثَرِ السُّجُودِ ( The mark of them is on their faces from the traces of prostration. ) refers to graceful appearance, according to Ibn `Abbas as reported from him by `Ali bin Abi Talhah.
Mujahid and several others explained: "It means, humbleness and reverence." Some said, "The righteous good deed brings light to the heart, brightness to the face, ampleness in provisions, and love in people's hearts." The Leader of the faithful, `Uthman bin `Affan said, "Everyone who hides a secret, then Allah the Exalted will either show on his face what he's done or by the words that accidentally slip from his mouth." Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin `Abbas said that the Prophet said,
«إِنَّ الْهَدْيَ الصَّالِحَ، وَالسَّمْتَ الصَّالِحَ، وَالْاقْتِصَادَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ خَمْسَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ جُزْءًا مِنَ النُّبُوَّة»
( Verily, good conduct, graceful appearance and moderation are one part out of twenty-five parts of prophethood. ) Abu Dawud also collected this Hadith.
Therefore, since the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them all, had sincere intentions and righteous good deeds, all those who looked at them liked their appearance and conduct.
Imam Malik said, "I was told that when the Christians saw the Companions, who conquered Ash-Sham, they commented, `These people are, by Allah, better than the Disciples ( of `Isa ) according to what has been conveyed to us."' They indeed said the truth, for this Ummah was mentioned in an honorable way in previously revealed Scriptures.
The best and most honored members of this Ummah are the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, praised them in previous Books and Revelations, and this is why He said here, ذَلِكَ مَثَلُهُمْ فِى التَّوْرَاةِ ( This is their description in the Tawrah ), then said, وَمَثَلُهُمْ فِى الإِنجِيلِ كَزَرْعٍ أَخْرَجَ شَطْأَهُ ( But their description in the Injil is like a seed which sends forth its shoot (Shat`ah, )) its shoot or branch, فَآزَرَهُ ( then makes it strong, ) able to stand on its own, فَاسْتَغْلَظَ ( and becomes thick ), youthful and long, فَاسْتَوَى عَلَى سُوقِهِ يُعْجِبُ الزُّرَّاعَ ( and it stands straight on its stem, delighting the sowers, ) Such is the parable that describes the Companions of Allah's Messenger ﷺ.
They gave the Messenger aid, support and victory, just as the shoot hardens the plant, لِيَغِيظَ بِهِمُ الْكُفَّارَ ( that He may enrage the disbelievers with them.
) Relying on this Ayah, Imam Malik stated that the Rawafid are disbelievers because they hate the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them all.
Malik said, "The Companions enrage them, and according to this Ayah, he who is enraged by the Companions is a disbeliever." Several scholars agreed with Malik's opinion, may Allah be pleased with them.
There are numerous Hadiths mentioning the virtues of the Companions and prohibiting the criticism on their mistakes.
It is sufficient that Allah the Exalted has praised them and declared that He is pleased with them.
Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said, وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ مِنْهُم مَّغْفِرَةً ( Allah has promised those among them who believe and do righteous deeds, forgiveness ) for their sins, وَأَجْراً عَظِيماً ( and a mighty reward. ) a generous reward and honorable provisions.
Certainly, Allah's promise is true and shall come to pass and will never be broken or changed.
Surely, all those who follow the guidance of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them all, will be similar to them.
However, the Companions have the better virtue, the obvious lead and the perfection in character, on account of which none among this Ummah will be able to attain their level.
May Allah be pleased with them and make them pleased.
May He place them in the gardens of Al-Firdaws, and make it their abode, and He indeed has done all of that.
In his Sahih, Muslim recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«لَا تَسُبُّوا أَصْحَابِي، فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ أَنْفَقَ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ ذَهَبًا، مَا أَدْرَكَ مُدَّ أَحَدِهِمْ وَلَا نَصِيفَه»
( Do not abuse my Companions, for by the One in Whose Hand is my soul! If one of you spends the amount of Uhud in gold, that amount will never reach the level of one of them spending a Mudd half of it. ) This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Fath; all praise and thanks is due to Allah.

(48:29) Muhammad is Allah's Messenger, and those who are with him are firm with the unbelievers *52 but compassionate with one another. *53 You see them occupied in bowing and prostrating and in seeking Allah's bounty and good pleasure. They are distinguished *54 from others by the marks of prostration on their faces. Thus are they described in the Torah. *55 And their parable in the Gospel is that of *56 a tilth that puts forth its shoot, then strengthens it so that it becomes stout and stands firmly on its stem. This is a sight pleasing to the sowers and one by which the unbelievers will be enraged. As for those who believe and do righteous deeds, Allah has promised them forgiveness and a great reward. *57

Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; and meaning

*52) " The Companions ( of the Holy Prophet ) are hard on the disbelievers " : they are not " wax that the disbelievers may mould them as they like; they can neither be cowed nor.
purchased by any inducement.
The disbelievers have no power to turn them away from the great objective for the sake of which they have joined and followed the Holy Prophet even at the cost of their lives. "
*53) That is, " Whatever their hardness and severity, it is only for the disbelievers, not for the believers.
As regards the believers they are soft, merciful, affectionate, sympathetic and compassionate.
Their unity of aim and object has produced in them love and harmony and complete accord among themselves. "
*54) This does not imply the mark that appears on the forehead of some people on account of prostrations, but it implies the marks and traces of the fear of God, munificence, nobility and goodness of manner that naturally appears on the face of a person on account of bowing down before God.
Man's face is an open book on the pages of which different states of a man's self can be seen easily.
A vain and arrogant person's face is different from the face of a humble, modest and unassuming person; an immoral person's face is clearly distinguished from the face of a righteous and well-mannered person; and there is a marked difference between the facial appearance of a wicked man and of a noble and virtuous man.
What AIlah means to say is: " The Companions of Muhammad ( upon whom be Allah's peace ) are such that one can recognize them on first sight to be the best of mankind, because their faces shine forth with the light of God-worship and God -consciousness. " This is the same thing about which Imam Malik has said that when the armies of the Companions entered Syria, the Syrian Christians remarked: " These people possess the very same qualities and characteristics of the disciples of the Prophet Jesus Christ. "
*55) The allusion probably is to Deuteronorny, 33: 2-3, in which the Holy Prophet's advent has been foretold and the word " saints " has been used for his Companions.
Apart from this, if some other quality of the Companions has been mentioned in the Torah, it is not found in the existing, corrupted Torah.

*56) This parable is found in a sermon of the Prophet Jesus that has been reported in the New Testament, thus: " And he said, So is the kingdom of God, as if a man should east seed into the ground: And should sleep, and rise night and day, and the seed should spring and grow up, he knoweth not how.
For the earth bringeth forth fruit of herself; first the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear.
But when the fruit is brought forth, immediately he putteth in the sickle, because the harvest is come.
And he said, Whereunto shall we liken the kingdom of God? or with what comparison shall we compare it? It is like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sewn in the earth, is less than all the seeds that be in the earth: Hut when it is sown, it groweth up, and becometh greater than all herbs, and shouted out great branches; so that the fowls of the air may lodge under the shadow of it. " The last portion of this sermon is also found in Matthew, 13: 31-32.

*57) A section of the Muslims translates this verse, thus: " Allah has promised forgiveness and a great reward to those from among these people who have believed and done good works. " Thus, they invent a way to vilify and slander the Companions, and claim that according to this verse many people among the Companions were not believers and righteous.
But this commentary goes against vv.
4, 5, 18 and 26 of this very Sarah, and dces not even accord with the initial sentences of this verse itself.
In vv.
4-5, Allah has made mention of sending down sakinat ( tranquillity ) and of effecting increase in the Faith of all those Companions who were present with the Holy Prophet at Hudaibiyah, and given them without any exception the good news of admission into Paradise.
In verse 18, AIIah has expressed His good pleasure for aII those who took the pledge to the Holy Prophet under the Tra, and in this also there is no exception.
In verse 26 also AIIah has used the word mu 'minin ( believers ) for aII the Companions, has made mention of sending down His sakinat to there, and obliged them to be righteous and pious, for they were most worthy and deserving of aII mankind.
Here also it was not said that the news was being given only abut those who were believers among them.
Then in the initial sentences also of this verse itself the characteristics mentioned arc of alI those people who were with the Holy Prophet Muhammad ( upon whom be Allah's peace and blessings ).
The words are to the effect that aII the people who are with him have this and this quality and characteristic.
After this, suddenly in the last sentence there could be no excuse to say that some of them were the believers and others were not.

Qualities of the Faithful Believers and Their Refinement Allah declares that without doubt, Muhammad ﷺ is truly His Messenger, مُّحَمَّدٌ رَّسُولُ اللَّهِ ( Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. ) and this quality includes every beautiful description.
Allah praises the Companions of the Messenger ﷺ , may Allah be pleased with them all, وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ أَشِدَّآءُ عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ رُحَمَآءُ بَيْنَهُمْ ( And those who are with him are severe against disbelievers, merciful among themselves. ) just as He, the Exalted and Most Honored, said in another Ayah, فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِى اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ يُحِبُّهُمْ وَيُحِبُّونَهُ أَذِلَّةٍ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَعِزَّةٍ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ ( Allah will bring a people whom He will love and they will love Him; humble towards the believers, stern towards the disbelievers. )( 5:54 ) This is the description of the believers; harsh with the disbelievers, merciful and kind to the believers, angry without smiling before the disbelievers, smiling and beaming with pleasure before his believing brother.
Allah the Exalted said in another Ayah, يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ قَاتِلُواْ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَكُمْ مِّنَ الْكُفَّارِ وَلِيَجِدُواْ فِيكُمْ غِلْظَةً ( O you who believe! Fight those of the disbelievers who are close to you, and let them find harshness in you. ) ( 9:123 ) The Prophet said, «مَثَلُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي تَوَادِّهِمْ وَتَرَاحُمِهِمْ كَمَثَلِ الْجَسَدِ الْوَاحِدِ، إِذَا اشْتَكَى مِنْهُ عُضْوٌ تَدَاعَى لَهُ سَائِرُ الْجَسَدِ بِالْحُمَّى وَالسَّهَر» ( The parable of the believers in their kindness and mercy for each other, is that of the body: when one of its organs falls ill, the rest of the body responds with fever and sleeplessness. ) The Prophet also said, «الْمُؤْمِنُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ كَالْبُنْيَانِ يَشُدُّ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا» ( A believer to another believer is like a building whose different parts enforce each other. ) Then he clasped his hands with his fingers interlaced.
Both of these Hadiths were collected in the Sahih.
Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said, تَرَاهُمْ رُكَّعاً سُجَّداً يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلاً مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرِضْوَاناً ( You see them bowing and falling down prostrate, seeking reward from Allah and acceptance. ) Allah describes the believers as active in performing righteous deeds and in praying, which is the best action there is, all the while being sincere to Allah the Exalted and Most Honored in the prayer, awaiting His generous reward alone.
Allah's best reward is Paradise that contains His bounties and favors, abundant provisions, as well as, earning His good pleasure that is greater than the former reward.
Allah said, وَرِضْوَنٌ مِّنَ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ ( But the greatest bliss is the acceptance by Allah ) ( 9: 72 ) The statement of Allah the Exalted next, سِيمَـهُمْ فِى وُجُوهِهِمْ مِّنْ أَثَرِ السُّجُودِ ( The mark of them is on their faces from the traces of prostration. ) refers to graceful appearance, according to Ibn `Abbas as reported from him by `Ali bin Abi Talhah.
Mujahid and several others explained: "It means, humbleness and reverence." Some said, "The righteous good deed brings light to the heart, brightness to the face, ampleness in provisions, and love in people's hearts." The Leader of the faithful, `Uthman bin `Affan said, "Everyone who hides a secret, then Allah the Exalted will either show on his face what he's done or by the words that accidentally slip from his mouth." Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin `Abbas said that the Prophet said, «إِنَّ الْهَدْيَ الصَّالِحَ، وَالسَّمْتَ الصَّالِحَ، وَالْاقْتِصَادَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ خَمْسَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ جُزْءًا مِنَ النُّبُوَّة» ( Verily, good conduct, graceful appearance and moderation are one part out of twenty-five parts of prophethood. ) Abu Dawud also collected this Hadith.
Therefore, since the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them all, had sincere intentions and righteous good deeds, all those who looked at them liked their appearance and conduct.
Imam Malik said, "I was told that when the Christians saw the Companions, who conquered Ash-Sham, they commented, `These people are, by Allah, better than the Disciples ( of `Isa ) according to what has been conveyed to us."' They indeed said the truth, for this Ummah was mentioned in an honorable way in previously revealed Scriptures.
The best and most honored members of this Ummah are the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, praised them in previous Books and Revelations, and this is why He said here, ذَلِكَ مَثَلُهُمْ فِى التَّوْرَاةِ ( This is their description in the Tawrah ), then said, وَمَثَلُهُمْ فِى الإِنجِيلِ كَزَرْعٍ أَخْرَجَ شَطْأَهُ ( But their description in the Injil is like a seed which sends forth its shoot (Shat`ah, )) its shoot or branch, فَآزَرَهُ ( then makes it strong, ) able to stand on its own, فَاسْتَغْلَظَ ( and becomes thick ), youthful and long, فَاسْتَوَى عَلَى سُوقِهِ يُعْجِبُ الزُّرَّاعَ ( and it stands straight on its stem, delighting the sowers, ) Such is the parable that describes the Companions of Allah's Messenger ﷺ.
They gave the Messenger aid, support and victory, just as the shoot hardens the plant, لِيَغِيظَ بِهِمُ الْكُفَّارَ ( that He may enrage the disbelievers with them.
) Relying on this Ayah, Imam Malik stated that the Rawafid are disbelievers because they hate the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them all.
Malik said, "The Companions enrage them, and according to this Ayah, he who is enraged by the Companions is a disbeliever." Several scholars agreed with Malik's opinion, may Allah be pleased with them.
There are numerous Hadiths mentioning the virtues of the Companions and prohibiting the criticism on their mistakes.
It is sufficient that Allah the Exalted has praised them and declared that He is pleased with them.
Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said, وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ مِنْهُم مَّغْفِرَةً ( Allah has promised those among them who believe and do righteous deeds, forgiveness ) for their sins, وَأَجْراً عَظِيماً ( and a mighty reward. ) a generous reward and honorable provisions.
Certainly, Allah's promise is true and shall come to pass and will never be broken or changed.
Surely, all those who follow the guidance of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them all, will be similar to them.
However, the Companions have the better virtue, the obvious lead and the perfection in character, on account of which none among this Ummah will be able to attain their level.
May Allah be pleased with them and make them pleased.
May He place them in the gardens of Al-Firdaws, and make it their abode, and He indeed has done all of that.
In his Sahih, Muslim recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «لَا تَسُبُّوا أَصْحَابِي، فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ أَنْفَقَ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ ذَهَبًا، مَا أَدْرَكَ مُدَّ أَحَدِهِمْ وَلَا نَصِيفَه» ( Do not abuse my Companions, for by the One in Whose Hand is my soul! If one of you spends the amount of Uhud in gold, that amount will never reach the level of one of them spending a Mudd half of it. ) This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Fath; all praise and thanks is due to Allah.

( Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah ) and this without the witness of Suhayl Ibn ’Amr. ( And those with him ) i.e. Abu Bakr, the first who believed in him and called the disbelievers with him to the religion of Allah ( are hard against the disbelievers ) this refers to ’Umar Ibn al-Khattab who was tough with the enemies of Allah, strong in the religion of Allah and a defender of Allah’s Messenger ( and merciful among themselves ) and dutiful towards each other; this refers to ’Uthman Ibn ’Affan who was very dutiful and merciful towards the Muslims, and spent much of his money on them. ( Thou (O Muhammad ) seest them bowing) in prayer ( and falling prostrate (in worship )) this refers to ’Ali Ibn Abi Talib who abundantly bowed and prostrated in prayer, ( seeking bounty ) reward ( from Allah and (His ) acceptance) acceptance of their Lord through jihad; this refers to Talhah and al-Zubayr who were very hard on, and tough with, the disbelievers. ( The mark of them is on their foreheads from ) the sign of their staying awake is on their faces from ( the traces of prostration ) from repeated prostration at night; this refers to Salman al-Farisi, Bilal, Suhayb and their fellow believers. ( Such is their likeness ) their description ( in the Torah and their likeness ) and their description in ( in the Gospel like as sown corn ) this is the Prophet ( pbuh ) ( that ) Allah ( sendeth forth its shoot ) i.e. Abu Bakr, the first to believe in him and the first to face the enemies of Allah ( and strengtheneth it ) and assists him; this is ’Umar who assisted the Prophet ( pbuh ) with his sword against the enemies of Allah ( and riseth firm ) He became strong with the wealth of ’Uthman which he used in jihad in the way of Allah ( upon its stalk ) and spread his message among Quraysh through ’Ali Ibn Abi Talib, ( delighting the sowers ) the Prophet ( pbuh ) was pleased with Talhah and al-Zubayr ( that He may enrage the disbelievers with (the sight of ) them) by means of Talhah and al-Zubayr. It is also said that from Allah’s saying ( Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah ) up to here was revealed in praise of those who took part in the swearing of allegiance at Ridwan and the sincere, obedient prophetic Companions in general. ( Allah hath promised, unto such of them as believe ) in Muhammad ( pbuh ) and the Qur’an ( and do good works ) and do acts of obedience in private between themselves and their Lord, ( forgiveness ) of their sins in this world and in the Hereafter ( and immense reward ) and abundant reward in the Garden’.

Muhammad (SAW) is the Messenger of Allah, and those who are with him are severe against disbelievers, and merciful among themselves. You see them bowing and falling down prostrate (in prayer), seeking Bounty from Allah and (His) Good Pleasure. The mark of them (i.e. of their Faith) is on their faces (foreheads) from the traces of (their) prostration (during prayers). This is their description in the Taurat (Torah). But their description in the Injeel (Gospel) is like a (sown) seed which sends forth its shoot, then makes it strong, it then becomes thick, and it stands straight on its stem, delighting the sowers that He may enrage the disbelievers with them. Allah has promised those among them who believe (i.e. all those who follow Islamic Monotheism, the religion of Prophet Muhammad SAW till the Day of Resurrection) and do righteous good deeds, forgiveness and a mighty reward (i.e. Paradise).

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