Surah Maidah ayat 32 Tafsir Quran 5:32

﴿مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَٰلِكَ كَتَبْنَا عَلَىٰ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنَّهُ مَن قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَا أَحْيَا النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا ۚ وَلَقَدْ جَاءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُنَا بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنْهُم بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ فِي الْأَرْضِ لَمُسْرِفُونَ﴾
[ المائدة: 32]

5:32 Because of that, We decreed upon the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption [done] in the land - it is as if he had slain mankind entirely. And whoever saves one - it is as if he had saved mankind entirely. And our messengers had certainly come to them with clear proofs. Then indeed many of them, [even] after that, throughout the land, were transgressors.

Because of that which Cain did We decreed for the Children of Israel that whoever slays a soul for other than a soul slain or for other than corruption committed in the land in the way of unbelief fornication or waylaying and the like it shall be as if he had slain mankind altogether; and whoever saves the life of one by refraining from slaying it shall be as if he had saved the life of all mankind — Ibn ‘Abbās said that the above is meant in the sense of violating and protecting its a soul’s sanctity respectively. Our messengers have already come to them that is to the Children of Israel with clear proofs miracles but after that many of them still commit excesses in the land overstepping the bounds through disbelief killing and the like.

By reason of this We ordained to Bani Isra‘il thus: He who deprives an innocent life not implicated in homicide, corruption or mischief on earth, will have committed, as it were, massacre of all innocent people. And he who preserves it and defends it will have protected, as it were, all innocent people. Our Messengers came to them equipped with clear signs to implement Our statues, yet many among them continued to carry disobedience and mischief to excess

(5:32) Therefore We ordained for the Children of Israel *53 that he who slays a soul unless it be (in punishment) for murder or for spreading mischief on earth shall be as if he had slain all mankind; and he who saves a life shall be as if he had given life to all mankind. *54 And indeed again and again did Our Messengers come to them with clear directives; yet many of them continued to commit excesses on earth.

Because of that, We decreed upon the meaning

*53).Since the same qualities which had been displayed by the wrong doing son of Adam were manifest in the Children of Israel, God strongly urged them not to kill human beings and couched His command in forceful terms.
It is a pity that the precious words which embody God's ordinance are to be found nowhere in the Bible today.
The Talmud, however, does mention this subject in the following words:
To him who kills a single individual of Israel, it shall be reckoned as if he had slain the whole race and he who preserves a single individual of Israel, it shall be reckoned in the Book of God as if he had preserved the whole world.
The Talmud also mentions that in trials for murder, the Israelite judges used to address the witnesses as follows:
Whoever kills one person, merits punishment as if he had slain all the men in the world.

*54).
This means that the survival of human life depends on everyone respecting other human beings and in contributing actively to the survival and protection of others.
Whosoever kills unrighteously is thus not merely guilty of doing wrong to one single person, but proves by his act that his heart is devoid of respect for human life and of sympathy for the human species as such.
Such a person, therefore, is an enemy of all mankind.
This is so because he happens to be possessed of a quality which, were it to become common to all men, would lead to the destruction of the entire human race.
The person who helps to preserve the life of even one person, on the other hand, is the protector of the whole of humanity, for he possesses a quality which is indispensable to the survival of mankind.

 

( For that ) because Cain wrongfully killed Abel ( cause We decreed for the Children of Israel ) in the Torah ( that whosoever killeth a human being for other than man slaughter ) i.e. premeditatedly ( or corruption in the earth ) or because of idolatry, ( it shall be as if be had killed all mankind ) Hell will be decreed for him for premeditatedly and wrongfully killing a human being, as though he killed all mankind, ( and whoso saveth the life of one ) whoever abstains from killing a person, ( it shall be as if he had saved the life of all mankind ) Paradise will be decreed for him for sparing one soul, as though he spared the lives of all mankind. ( Our messengers came unto them ) i.e. the Children of Israel ( of old with clear proofs ) with commands, prohibitions and signs, ( but afterwards lo! many of them ) the Children of Israel ( became ) after the messengers ( prodigals in the earth ) ascribing partners to Allah.

Because of that We ordained for the Children of Israel that if anyone killed a person not in retaliation of murder, or (and) to spread mischief in the land - it would be as if he killed all mankind, and if anyone saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of all mankind. And indeed, there came to them Our Messengers with clear proofs, evidences, and signs, even then after that many of them continued to exceed the limits (e.g. by doing oppression unjustly and exceeding beyond the limits set by Allah by committing the major sins) in the land!.

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