Surah Al Fath ayat 5 Tafsir Quran 48:5

﴿لِّيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا وَيُكَفِّرَ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ ۚ وَكَانَ ذَٰلِكَ عِندَ اللَّهِ فَوْزًا عَظِيمًا﴾
[ الفتح: 5]

48:5 [And] that He may admit the believing men and the believing women to gardens beneath which rivers flow to abide therein eternally and remove from them their misdeeds - and ever is that, in the sight of Allah, a great attainment -

so that He may admit li-yudkhila is semantically connected to an omitted clause that is to say amara bi’l-jihād ‘He has enjoined the struggle so that He may admit’ the believing men and believing women into gardens underneath which rivers flow wherein they will abide and that He may absolve them of their misdeeds; for that in God’s sight is a supreme triumph;

So that, He affords entrance to those Whose hearts reflect the image of religious and spiritual virtues, among the men and the women, in gardens of surpassing beauty, beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will have passed through nature to Eternity and He erases and deletes their sins. It pleases Allah to confer such a great triumph

Allah sent down the Sakinah into the Hearts of the Believers Allah the Exalted said, هُوَ الَّذِى أَنزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ ( He it is Who sent down As-Sakinah ), meaning, tranquility.
Qatadah commented, "Grace into the hearts of the believers", that is, the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, on the Day of Al-Hudaybiyyah.
The companions were they, who accepted the call of Allah and His Messenger and obeyed the decisions of Allah and His Messenger .
When their hearts felt content with acceptance and were at peace, Allah increased their faith, joining it to the faith they already had.
Al-Bukhari, and other Imams, relied on this Ayah as proof that faith increases and decreases in the hearts.
Allah the Exalted said next that had He willed, He would have inflicted defeat on the disbelievers, Allah says; وَلِلَّهِ جُنُودُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ ( And to Allah belong the armies of the heavens and the earth ) and had He willed to send only one angel to them, that angel would have brought destruction to all what they had.
However, Allah the Exalted willed Jihad and fighting to be established for, and by, the believers for great wisdom, clear reasons and unequivocal evidences that He had in all this.
This is why Allah the Great said next, وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيماً حَكِيماً ( and Allah is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise. ) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said, لِّيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَـتِ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَا ( That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow to abide therein forever, ) We mentioned the Hadith that Anas narrated in which the Companions said, "Congratulations, O Allah's Messenger! This good news is for you, so what good news do we have" Allah the Exalted sent down this Ayah, لِّيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَـتِ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَا ( That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow to abide therein forever, ) meaning they will remain in Paradise forever, وَيُكَفِّرَ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَـتِهِمْ ( and He may expiate from them their sins; ) Allah will not punish them for their errors and mistakes.
Rather, He will forgive, absolve and pardon them and cover the errors, grant mercy and appreciate, وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ عِندَ اللَّهِ فَوْزاً عَظِيماً ( and that is with Allah supreme success. ) Allah the Exalted said in a similar Ayah, فَمَن زُحْزِحَ عَنِ النَّارِ وَأُدْخِلَ الْجَنَّةَ فَقَدْ فَازَ ( And whoever is removed away from the Fire and admitted to Paradise, he indeed is successful. ) ( 3:185 ) Allah said, وَيُعَذِّبَ الْمُنَـفِقِينَ وَالْمُنَـفِقَـتِ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ وَالْمُشْرِكَـتِ الظَّآنِّينَ بِاللَّهِ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ ( And that He may punish the hypocrites, men and women, and also the idolators, men and women, who think evil thoughts about Allah, ) who question the wisdom in Allah's decisions and think that the Messenger and his Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, might be killed and exterminated.
This is why Allah the Exalted said, عَلَيْهِمْ دَآئِرَةُ السَّوْءِ وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَعَنَهُمْ ( for them is a disgraceful torment.
And the anger of Allah is upon them, and He has cursed them ) He has cast them away from His mercy, وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ جَهَنَّمَ وَسَآءَتْ مَصِيراً ( and prepared Hell for them -- and worst indeed is that destination. ) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored asserted His ability to take revenge from the enemies of Islam and all disbelievers and hypocrites, وَلِلَّهِ جُنُودُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزاً حَكِيماً ( And to Allah belong the armies of the heavens and the earth.
And Allah is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise. )

(48:5) (He did this) to admit the believers, both men and women, *9 to Gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they shall abide, and to efface their evil deeds from them. *10 That, in Allah's sight, is the supreme triumph.

[And] that He may admit the believing meaning

*9) In the Qur'an generally mention of the rewards for the believers is made collectively and separate mention is not made of the rewards for the men and the women But here, since the general mention of giving the rewards could cause the doubt that this reward may perhaps be only meant for the men.
Allah has made a separate mention of the believing women, saying that they too would be equal partners in this reward with the believing men.
The reason is obvious.
Those God-fearing women who encouraged their husbands, sons, brothers and fathers to proceed on the dangerous journey instead of stopping them from it and discouraging them by crying and wailing, who looked after their houses, their properties, their honor and children in their absence faithfully, who did not even feel the alarm lest at the sudden departure of 1,400 of the Companions the disbelievers and hypocrites of the surrounding areas would attack the city, should certainly have become equal partners with their men in the reward of Jihad although they stayed behind in their homes.

*10) That is, that He may pardon whatever errors they might have committed because of human weaknesses, remove every trace and mark of the errors from them before admitting them into Paradise so that they may enter Paradise absolutely free from every evil that may cause them embarrassment.

 

Allah sent down the Sakinah into the Hearts of the Believers Allah the Exalted said, هُوَ الَّذِى أَنزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ ( He it is Who sent down As-Sakinah ), meaning, tranquility.
Qatadah commented, "Grace into the hearts of the believers", that is, the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, on the Day of Al-Hudaybiyyah.
The companions were they, who accepted the call of Allah and His Messenger and obeyed the decisions of Allah and His Messenger .
When their hearts felt content with acceptance and were at peace, Allah increased their faith, joining it to the faith they already had.
Al-Bukhari, and other Imams, relied on this Ayah as proof that faith increases and decreases in the hearts.
Allah the Exalted said next that had He willed, He would have inflicted defeat on the disbelievers, Allah says; وَلِلَّهِ جُنُودُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ ( And to Allah belong the armies of the heavens and the earth ) and had He willed to send only one angel to them, that angel would have brought destruction to all what they had.
However, Allah the Exalted willed Jihad and fighting to be established for, and by, the believers for great wisdom, clear reasons and unequivocal evidences that He had in all this.
This is why Allah the Great said next, وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيماً حَكِيماً ( and Allah is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise. ) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said, لِّيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَـتِ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَا ( That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow to abide therein forever, ) We mentioned the Hadith that Anas narrated in which the Companions said, "Congratulations, O Allah's Messenger! This good news is for you, so what good news do we have" Allah the Exalted sent down this Ayah, لِّيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَـتِ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَا ( That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow to abide therein forever, ) meaning they will remain in Paradise forever, وَيُكَفِّرَ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَـتِهِمْ ( and He may expiate from them their sins; ) Allah will not punish them for their errors and mistakes.
Rather, He will forgive, absolve and pardon them and cover the errors, grant mercy and appreciate, وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ عِندَ اللَّهِ فَوْزاً عَظِيماً ( and that is with Allah supreme success. ) Allah the Exalted said in a similar Ayah, فَمَن زُحْزِحَ عَنِ النَّارِ وَأُدْخِلَ الْجَنَّةَ فَقَدْ فَازَ ( And whoever is removed away from the Fire and admitted to Paradise, he indeed is successful. ) ( 3:185 ) Allah said, وَيُعَذِّبَ الْمُنَـفِقِينَ وَالْمُنَـفِقَـتِ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ وَالْمُشْرِكَـتِ الظَّآنِّينَ بِاللَّهِ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ ( And that He may punish the hypocrites, men and women, and also the idolators, men and women, who think evil thoughts about Allah, ) who question the wisdom in Allah's decisions and think that the Messenger and his Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, might be killed and exterminated.
This is why Allah the Exalted said, عَلَيْهِمْ دَآئِرَةُ السَّوْءِ وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَعَنَهُمْ ( for them is a disgraceful torment.
And the anger of Allah is upon them, and He has cursed them ) He has cast them away from His mercy, وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ جَهَنَّمَ وَسَآءَتْ مَصِيراً ( and prepared Hell for them -- and worst indeed is that destination. ) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored asserted His ability to take revenge from the enemies of Islam and all disbelievers and hypocrites, وَلِلَّهِ جُنُودُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزاً حَكِيماً ( And to Allah belong the armies of the heavens and the earth.
And Allah is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise. )

When the true believers heard of the honour that Allah had bestowed upon His Prophet, they said: Congratulations, O Messenger of Allah, for what Allah has given you of victory, forgiveness and honour; but what do we have with Allah? So Allah said: ( That He may bring the believing men ) the true believing men ( and the believing women ) and true believing women ( into Gardens beneath which ) beneath whose trees, houses and rooms ( rivers ) of wine, water, honey and milk ( flow, wherein they will abide ) they will abide in the Garden and will never die or leave it, ( and may remit from them their evil deeds ) which they committed in the life of the world. ( That ) which I have mentioned which the believers will have, ( in the sight of Allah, is the Supreme Triumph ) is the greatest safety: they gain Paradise and avoid the Fire and all that which is in it.

That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow (i.e. Paradise), to abide therein forever, and to expiate from them their sins, and that is with Allah, a supreme success,

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