Surah Maidah ayat 54 Tafsir Quran 5:54

﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَن يَرْتَدَّ مِنكُمْ عَن دِينِهِ فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِي اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ يُحِبُّهُمْ وَيُحِبُّونَهُ أَذِلَّةٍ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَعِزَّةٍ عَلَى الْكَافِرِينَ يُجَاهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَلَا يَخَافُونَ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَن يَشَاءُ ۚ وَاللَّهُ وَاسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ﴾
[ المائدة: 54]

5:54 O you who have believed, whoever of you should revert from his religion - Allah will bring forth [in place of them] a people He will love and who will love Him [who are] humble toward the believers, powerful against the disbelievers; they strive in the cause of Allah and do not fear the blame of a critic. That is the favor of Allah; He bestows it upon whom He wills. And Allah is all-Encompassing and Knowing.

O you who believe whoever of you apostatises read either yartadid with separation of the two dāl letters or yartadd with assimilation of one of the dāl letters with the other turns back from his religion to disbelief — this is a notification of what God knew would happen for some of them apostatised upon the death of the Prophet s — God will assuredly bring in their place a people whom He loves and who love Him the Prophet s said ‘They are people like him’ and he pointed to Abū Mūsā al-Ash‘arī as reported by al-Hākim al-Naysābūrī in his Sahīh; humble sympathetic towards believers stern severe towards disbelievers struggling in the way of God and fearing not the reproach of any reproacher therein in the way that the hypocrites fear the reproach of the disbelievers. That description mentioned is God’s bounty; He gives it to whom He will; and God is Embracing of abundant bounty Knowing of those who deserve it.

O you who have conformed to Islam : He who turns renegade and deserts Islam in favour of another religion shall not frustrate the laws nor the statutes of heavens realm; Allah shall replace them by people whom He favours and who lift to Him their inward sight; they are humble and meek with their co - religionists and proud - hearted hauty severe toward the infidels; they strive in the cause of Allah not caring what people say. This is the grace of Allah; He confers it on whom He will, and Allah is Wasiun (Omnipresent),and Alimun

Threatening to Replace the Believers With Another People if They Revert from Islam Allah emphasizes His mighty ability and states that whoever reverts from supporting His religion and establishing His Law, then Allah will replace them with whomever is better, mightier and more righteous in Allah's religion and Law.
Allah said in other Ayat, الْفُقَرَآءُ وَإِن تَتَوَلَّوْاْ يَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْماً غَيْرَكُمْ ثُمَّ لاَ يَكُونُواْ ( And if you turn away, He will exchange you for some other people and they will not be your likes. ) and, أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالأَرْضَ بِالْحقِّ إِن يَشَأْ يُذْهِبْكُمْ وَيَأْتِ بِخَلْقٍ جَدِيدٍ - وَمَا ذَلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ بِعَزِيزٍ ( Do you not see that Allah has created the heavens and the earth with truth If He will, He can remove you and bring (in your place ) a new creation! And for Allah that is not hard or difficult.)14:19-20.
Verily this is not difficult or hard on Allah.
Allah said here, يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَن يَرْتَدَّ مِنكُمْ عَن دِينِهِ ( O you who believe! Whoever from among you turns back from his religion... ) and turns back from the truth to falsehood, from now until the commencement of the Last Hour.
Allah said next, أَذِلَّةٍ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَعِزَّةٍ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ ( humble towards the believers, stern towards the disbelievers. ) These are the qualities of perfect believers, as they are humble with their believing brothers and allies, stern with their enemies and adversaries.
In another Ayah, Allah said, مُّحَمَّدٌ رَّسُولُ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ أَشِدَّآءُ عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ رُحَمَآءُ بَيْنَهُمْ ( Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
And those who are with him are severe against disbelievers, and merciful among themselves. ) The Prophet is described as the smiling fighter, smiling to his allies and fighting his enemies.
Allah's statement, يُجَـهِدُونَ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَلاَ يَخَـفُونَ لَوْمَةَ لائِمٍ ( Fighting in the way of Allah, and never fearing the blame of the blamers. ) Nothing prevents them from obeying Allah, establishing His Law, fighting His enemies, enjoining righteousness and forbidding evil.
Certainly, nothing prevents them from taking this path, neither someone who seeks to hinder them, nor one who blames or chastises them.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Dharr said, "My Khalil ( intimate friend, the Messenger ) has commanded me to do seven deeds.
He commanded me to love the poor and to be close to them.
He commanded me to look at those who are less than me and not those who are above me.
He commanded me to keep the relations of the womb, even if they cut it.
He commanded me not to ask anyone for anything, to say the truth even if it was bitter, and to not fear the blame of anyone for the sake of Allah.
He commanded me to often repeat, `La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah ( There is no strength or power except from Allah )', for these words are from a treasure under the Throne ( of Allah )." It is confirmed in the Sahih;
«مَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُؤْمِنِ أَنْ يُذِلَّ نَفْسَه»
( The believer is not required to humiliate himself. ) He was asked; "How does one humiliate himself, O Messenger of Allah" So he replied;
«يَتَحَمَّلُ مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ مَا لَا يُطِيق»
( He takes on tests that he cannot bear. ) ذلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَن يَشَآءُ ( That is the grace of Allah which He bestows on whom He wills. ) meaning, those who have these qualities, acquired it by Allah's bounty and favor and because He granted them these qualities. وَاللَّهُ وَسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ ( And Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures' needs, All-Knower, ) His favor is ever extending, and He has perfect knowledge of those who deserve or do not deserve His favor and bounty.
Allah's statement, إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ( Verily, your Protector is Allah, His Messenger, and the believers... ) means, the Jews are not your friends.
Rather, your allegiance is to Allah, His Messenger and the faithful believers. الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلوةَ وَيُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَوةَ ( those who perform the Salah, and give the Zakah... ) referring to the believers who have these qualities and establish the prayer, which is one of the most important pillars of Islam, for it includes worshipping Allah alone without partners.
They pay Zakah, which is the right of the creation and a type of help extended to the needy and the poor.
As for Allah's statement, وَهُمْ رَاكِعُونَ ( and they bow down, ) some people thought that they give the Zakah while bowing down.
If this were the case, then paying the Zakah while bowing would be the best form of giving Zakah.
No scholar from whom religious rulings are taken says this, as much as we know.
Therefore, وَهُمْ رَاكِعُونَ ( and they bow down, ) means, they attend the prayer in congregation in Allah's Masjids and spend by way of charity on the various needs of Muslims.
Allah said; وَمَن يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغَـلِبُونَ ( And whosoever takes Allah, His Messenger, and those who have believed, as protectors, then the party of Allah will be the victorious. ) similarly Allah said; كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لاّغْلِبَنَّ أَنَاْ وَرُسُلِى إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَوِىٌّ عَزِيزٌ - لاَّ تَجِدُ قَوْماً يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الاٌّخِرِ يُوَآدُّونَ مَنْ حَآدَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَلَوْ كَانُواْ ءَابَآءَهُمْ أَوْ أَبْنَآءَهُمْ أَوْ إِخْوَنَهُمْ أَوْ عَشِيرَتَهُمْ أُوْلَـئِكَ كَتَبَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمُ الإِيمَـنَ وَأَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِّنْهُ وَيُدْخِلُهُمْ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَا رَضِىَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُواْ عَنْهُ أُوْلَـئِكَ حِزْبُ اللَّهِ أَلاَ إِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ ( Allah has decreed: "Verily, it is I and My Messengers who shall be the victorious." Verily, Allah is All-Powerful, Almighty.
You will not find any people who believe in Allah and the Last Day, making friendship with those who oppose Allah and His Messenger, even though they were their fathers or their sons or their brothers or their kindred (people ).
For such He has written faith in their hearts, and strengthened them with a Ruh ( proof ) from Himself.
And He will admit them to Gardens ( Paradise ) under which rivers flow to dwell therein ( forever ).
Allah is pleased with them, and they with Him.
They are the party of Allah.
Verily, it is the party of Allah that will be the successful.) Therefore, those who accept the allegiance of Allah - His Messenger and the faithful believers - will gain success in this life and the Hereafter.
Hence Allah's statement here, وَمَن يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغَـلِبُونَ ( And whosoever takes Allah, His Messenger, and those who have believed, as protectors, then the party of Allah will be the victorious. )

(5:54) Believers! If any of you should ever turn away from your faith, remember that Allah will raise up a people whom He loves, and who love Him; a people humble towards the believers, and firm towards the unbelievers; *87 who will strive hard in the way of Allah and will not fear the reproach of the reproacher. *88 This is the favour of Allah which He grants to whom He wills. Allah is vast in resources, All-Knowing.

O you who have believed, whoever of meaning

*87).
To be 'humble towards believers' signifies that a person should never use his strength against the believers.
His native intelligence, shrewdness, ability, influence, wealth, physical prowess should not be used for the purpose of either suppressing, persecuting or causing harm to the Muslims.
Among themselves, the Muslims should always find him gentle, merciful, sympathetic and mild tempered.

To be 'firm towards unbelievers', on the contrary, means that by virtue of the intensity of his faith, the sincerity of his conviction, his strict adherence to his principles, his strength of character and his insight and perspicacity born of faith, a man should be firm as a rock in his dealings with the opponents of Islam, so that they find it impossible to dislodge him.
There should be no doubt in their minds that the believer would rather lay down his life than compromise his position by yielding to external pressures.

*88).In following the religion of God, in implementing His injunctions, in judging things to be either right or wrong according to the criteria of the faith, the believer will be afraid of nothing.
He will be impervious to opposition, reproach, denunciation, name-calling and scorn.
Even when public opinion happens to be hostile, and his efforts to follow Islam single him out for the scorn of the whole world, the man of faith will still follow the way which he recognizes in his heart to be true.

 

Threatening to Replace the Believers With Another People if They Revert from Islam Allah emphasizes His mighty ability and states that whoever reverts from supporting His religion and establishing His Law, then Allah will replace them with whomever is better, mightier and more righteous in Allah's religion and Law.
Allah said in other Ayat, الْفُقَرَآءُ وَإِن تَتَوَلَّوْاْ يَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْماً غَيْرَكُمْ ثُمَّ لاَ يَكُونُواْ ( And if you turn away, He will exchange you for some other people and they will not be your likes. ) and, أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالأَرْضَ بِالْحقِّ إِن يَشَأْ يُذْهِبْكُمْ وَيَأْتِ بِخَلْقٍ جَدِيدٍ - وَمَا ذَلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ بِعَزِيزٍ ( Do you not see that Allah has created the heavens and the earth with truth If He will, He can remove you and bring (in your place ) a new creation! And for Allah that is not hard or difficult.)14:19-20.
Verily this is not difficult or hard on Allah.
Allah said here, يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَن يَرْتَدَّ مِنكُمْ عَن دِينِهِ ( O you who believe! Whoever from among you turns back from his religion... ) and turns back from the truth to falsehood, from now until the commencement of the Last Hour.
Allah said next, أَذِلَّةٍ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَعِزَّةٍ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ ( humble towards the believers, stern towards the disbelievers. ) These are the qualities of perfect believers, as they are humble with their believing brothers and allies, stern with their enemies and adversaries.
In another Ayah, Allah said, مُّحَمَّدٌ رَّسُولُ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ أَشِدَّآءُ عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ رُحَمَآءُ بَيْنَهُمْ ( Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
And those who are with him are severe against disbelievers, and merciful among themselves. ) The Prophet is described as the smiling fighter, smiling to his allies and fighting his enemies.
Allah's statement, يُجَـهِدُونَ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَلاَ يَخَـفُونَ لَوْمَةَ لائِمٍ ( Fighting in the way of Allah, and never fearing the blame of the blamers. ) Nothing prevents them from obeying Allah, establishing His Law, fighting His enemies, enjoining righteousness and forbidding evil.
Certainly, nothing prevents them from taking this path, neither someone who seeks to hinder them, nor one who blames or chastises them.
Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Dharr said, "My Khalil ( intimate friend, the Messenger ) has commanded me to do seven deeds.
He commanded me to love the poor and to be close to them.
He commanded me to look at those who are less than me and not those who are above me.
He commanded me to keep the relations of the womb, even if they cut it.
He commanded me not to ask anyone for anything, to say the truth even if it was bitter, and to not fear the blame of anyone for the sake of Allah.
He commanded me to often repeat, `La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah ( There is no strength or power except from Allah )', for these words are from a treasure under the Throne ( of Allah )." It is confirmed in the Sahih; «مَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُؤْمِنِ أَنْ يُذِلَّ نَفْسَه» ( The believer is not required to humiliate himself. ) He was asked; "How does one humiliate himself, O Messenger of Allah" So he replied; «يَتَحَمَّلُ مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ مَا لَا يُطِيق» ( He takes on tests that he cannot bear. ) ذلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَن يَشَآءُ ( That is the grace of Allah which He bestows on whom He wills. ) meaning, those who have these qualities, acquired it by Allah's bounty and favor and because He granted them these qualities. وَاللَّهُ وَسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ ( And Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures' needs, All-Knower, ) His favor is ever extending, and He has perfect knowledge of those who deserve or do not deserve His favor and bounty.
Allah's statement, إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ( Verily, your Protector is Allah, His Messenger, and the believers... ) means, the Jews are not your friends.
Rather, your allegiance is to Allah, His Messenger and the faithful believers. الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلوةَ وَيُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَوةَ ( those who perform the Salah, and give the Zakah... ) referring to the believers who have these qualities and establish the prayer, which is one of the most important pillars of Islam, for it includes worshipping Allah alone without partners.
They pay Zakah, which is the right of the creation and a type of help extended to the needy and the poor.
As for Allah's statement, وَهُمْ رَاكِعُونَ ( and they bow down, ) some people thought that they give the Zakah while bowing down.
If this were the case, then paying the Zakah while bowing would be the best form of giving Zakah.
No scholar from whom religious rulings are taken says this, as much as we know.
Therefore, وَهُمْ رَاكِعُونَ ( and they bow down, ) means, they attend the prayer in congregation in Allah's Masjids and spend by way of charity on the various needs of Muslims.
Allah said; وَمَن يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغَـلِبُونَ ( And whosoever takes Allah, His Messenger, and those who have believed, as protectors, then the party of Allah will be the victorious. ) similarly Allah said; كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لاّغْلِبَنَّ أَنَاْ وَرُسُلِى إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَوِىٌّ عَزِيزٌ - لاَّ تَجِدُ قَوْماً يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الاٌّخِرِ يُوَآدُّونَ مَنْ حَآدَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَلَوْ كَانُواْ ءَابَآءَهُمْ أَوْ أَبْنَآءَهُمْ أَوْ إِخْوَنَهُمْ أَوْ عَشِيرَتَهُمْ أُوْلَـئِكَ كَتَبَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمُ الإِيمَـنَ وَأَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِّنْهُ وَيُدْخِلُهُمْ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَا رَضِىَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُواْ عَنْهُ أُوْلَـئِكَ حِزْبُ اللَّهِ أَلاَ إِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ ( Allah has decreed: "Verily, it is I and My Messengers who shall be the victorious." Verily, Allah is All-Powerful, Almighty.
You will not find any people who believe in Allah and the Last Day, making friendship with those who oppose Allah and His Messenger, even though they were their fathers or their sons or their brothers or their kindred (people ).
For such He has written faith in their hearts, and strengthened them with a Ruh ( proof ) from Himself.
And He will admit them to Gardens ( Paradise ) under which rivers flow to dwell therein ( forever ).
Allah is pleased with them, and they with Him.
They are the party of Allah.
Verily, it is the party of Allah that will be the successful.) Therefore, those who accept the allegiance of Allah - His Messenger and the faithful believers - will gain success in this life and the Hereafter.
Hence Allah's statement here, وَمَن يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغَـلِبُونَ ( And whosoever takes Allah, His Messenger, and those who have believed, as protectors, then the party of Allah will be the victorious. )

( O ye who believe! ) meaning: Asad, Ghatafan, and some people from Kindah and Murad. ( Whoso of you becometh a renegade from his religion ) after the death of Muhammad ( pbuh ) ( Allah will bring a people ) i.e. the people of Yemen ( whom He loveth and who love Him, humble ) compassionate and benevolent ( towards believers, stern towards ) hard on ( disbelievers, striving in the way of Allah ) attached to Allah’s obedience ( and fearing not the blame of any blamer. Such ) that which I have mentioned of love, command, etc. ( is the grace of Allah which He giveth unto whom He will ) He gives to whoever is fit for it. ( Allah is All-Embracing ) Allah is Generous in His gift, ( All-Knowing ) to whom He gives.

O you who believe! Whoever from among you turns back from his religion (Islam), Allah will bring a people whom He will love and they will love Him; humble towards the believers, stern towards the disbelievers, fighting in the Way of Allah, and never afraid of the blame of the blamers. That is the Grace of Allah which He bestows on whom He wills. And Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures' needs, All-Knower.

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