Surah Al Fath ayat 6 Tafsir Quran 48:6

﴿وَيُعَذِّبَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَالْمُنَافِقَاتِ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ وَالْمُشْرِكَاتِ الظَّانِّينَ بِاللَّهِ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ ۚ عَلَيْهِمْ دَائِرَةُ السَّوْءِ ۖ وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَعَنَهُمْ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ جَهَنَّمَ ۖ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًا﴾
[ الفتح: 6]

48:6 And [that] He may punish the hypocrite men and hypocrite women, and the polytheist men and polytheist women - those who assume about Allah an assumption of evil nature. Upon them is a misfortune of evil nature; and Allah has become angry with them and has cursed them and prepared for them Hell, and evil it is as a destination.

and so that He may chastise the hypocrites men and women and the idolaters men and women and those who make evil assumptions about God read al-saw’ or al-sū’ ‘evil’ in all three places; they assumed that He will not assist Muhammad (s) and the believers. For them will be an evil turn of fortune by way of abasement and chastisement; and God is wroth with them and He has cursed them He has banished them far from His mercy and has prepared for them Hell — and it is an evil destination! an evil place to return to.

And like that, He afflicts the hypocrites, men and women, and those, among them, who incorporate with Him other deities and think evil of Allah and view Him with contempt; On them shall rebound and recoil the evil thoughts they imputed to Him; they provoked His anger against them and He has afflicted them with such evil as indicates malignant fate. He has prepared for them the abode in Hell, and evil indeed is the destination

Allah sent down the Sakinah into the Hearts of the Believers Allah the Exalted said, هُوَ الَّذِى أَنزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ ( He it is Who sent down As-Sakinah ), meaning, tranquility.
Qatadah commented, "Grace into the hearts of the believers", that is, the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, on the Day of Al-Hudaybiyyah.
The companions were they, who accepted the call of Allah and His Messenger and obeyed the decisions of Allah and His Messenger .
When their hearts felt content with acceptance and were at peace, Allah increased their faith, joining it to the faith they already had.
Al-Bukhari, and other Imams, relied on this Ayah as proof that faith increases and decreases in the hearts.
Allah the Exalted said next that had He willed, He would have inflicted defeat on the disbelievers, Allah says; وَلِلَّهِ جُنُودُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ ( And to Allah belong the armies of the heavens and the earth ) and had He willed to send only one angel to them, that angel would have brought destruction to all what they had.
However, Allah the Exalted willed Jihad and fighting to be established for, and by, the believers for great wisdom, clear reasons and unequivocal evidences that He had in all this.
This is why Allah the Great said next, وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيماً حَكِيماً ( and Allah is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise. ) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said, لِّيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَـتِ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَا ( That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow to abide therein forever, ) We mentioned the Hadith that Anas narrated in which the Companions said, "Congratulations, O Allah's Messenger! This good news is for you, so what good news do we have" Allah the Exalted sent down this Ayah, لِّيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَـتِ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَا ( That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow to abide therein forever, ) meaning they will remain in Paradise forever, وَيُكَفِّرَ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَـتِهِمْ ( and He may expiate from them their sins; ) Allah will not punish them for their errors and mistakes.
Rather, He will forgive, absolve and pardon them and cover the errors, grant mercy and appreciate, وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ عِندَ اللَّهِ فَوْزاً عَظِيماً ( and that is with Allah supreme success. ) Allah the Exalted said in a similar Ayah, فَمَن زُحْزِحَ عَنِ النَّارِ وَأُدْخِلَ الْجَنَّةَ فَقَدْ فَازَ ( And whoever is removed away from the Fire and admitted to Paradise, he indeed is successful. ) ( 3:185 ) Allah said, وَيُعَذِّبَ الْمُنَـفِقِينَ وَالْمُنَـفِقَـتِ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ وَالْمُشْرِكَـتِ الظَّآنِّينَ بِاللَّهِ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ ( And that He may punish the hypocrites, men and women, and also the idolators, men and women, who think evil thoughts about Allah, ) who question the wisdom in Allah's decisions and think that the Messenger and his Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, might be killed and exterminated.
This is why Allah the Exalted said, عَلَيْهِمْ دَآئِرَةُ السَّوْءِ وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَعَنَهُمْ ( for them is a disgraceful torment.
And the anger of Allah is upon them, and He has cursed them ) He has cast them away from His mercy, وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ جَهَنَّمَ وَسَآءَتْ مَصِيراً ( and prepared Hell for them -- and worst indeed is that destination. ) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored asserted His ability to take revenge from the enemies of Islam and all disbelievers and hypocrites, وَلِلَّهِ جُنُودُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزاً حَكِيماً ( And to Allah belong the armies of the heavens and the earth.
And Allah is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise. )

(48:6) (He also did this) to chastise the hypocrites, both men and women, and those who associate others in His Divinity, both men and women, and who harbour evil thoughts about Allah. *11 They shall be afflicted with misfortune, *12 Allah is wroth with them. He has laid His curse upon them and has prepared for them Hell. What an evil end!

And [that] He may punish the hypocrite meaning

*11) The hypocrites living in the suburbs of Madinah were thinking, as has been stated in verse 12 below, that the Holy Prophet and his Companions would not return alive from that journey.
As for the polytheists of Makkah and their pagan companions, they were thinking that they had successfully put to rout the Holy Prophet and his Companions by preventing them from performing `Umrah.
In fact, whatever these two groups had thought they had this misunderstanding about Allah that He would not help His Messenger and in the conflict between the Truth and falsehood would allow falsehood to defeat and frustrate the Truth.

*12) That is, " They were encompassed by the same evil fate which they wanted to avoid and against which they had devised all those plans, and their same plans caused the evil fate to be hastened. "
 

Allah sent down the Sakinah into the Hearts of the Believers Allah the Exalted said, هُوَ الَّذِى أَنزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ ( He it is Who sent down As-Sakinah ), meaning, tranquility.
Qatadah commented, "Grace into the hearts of the believers", that is, the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, on the Day of Al-Hudaybiyyah.
The companions were they, who accepted the call of Allah and His Messenger and obeyed the decisions of Allah and His Messenger .
When their hearts felt content with acceptance and were at peace, Allah increased their faith, joining it to the faith they already had.
Al-Bukhari, and other Imams, relied on this Ayah as proof that faith increases and decreases in the hearts.
Allah the Exalted said next that had He willed, He would have inflicted defeat on the disbelievers, Allah says; وَلِلَّهِ جُنُودُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ ( And to Allah belong the armies of the heavens and the earth ) and had He willed to send only one angel to them, that angel would have brought destruction to all what they had.
However, Allah the Exalted willed Jihad and fighting to be established for, and by, the believers for great wisdom, clear reasons and unequivocal evidences that He had in all this.
This is why Allah the Great said next, وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيماً حَكِيماً ( and Allah is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise. ) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said, لِّيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَـتِ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَا ( That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow to abide therein forever, ) We mentioned the Hadith that Anas narrated in which the Companions said, "Congratulations, O Allah's Messenger! This good news is for you, so what good news do we have" Allah the Exalted sent down this Ayah, لِّيُدْخِلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَـتِ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَا ( That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow to abide therein forever, ) meaning they will remain in Paradise forever, وَيُكَفِّرَ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَـتِهِمْ ( and He may expiate from them their sins; ) Allah will not punish them for their errors and mistakes.
Rather, He will forgive, absolve and pardon them and cover the errors, grant mercy and appreciate, وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ عِندَ اللَّهِ فَوْزاً عَظِيماً ( and that is with Allah supreme success. ) Allah the Exalted said in a similar Ayah, فَمَن زُحْزِحَ عَنِ النَّارِ وَأُدْخِلَ الْجَنَّةَ فَقَدْ فَازَ ( And whoever is removed away from the Fire and admitted to Paradise, he indeed is successful. ) ( 3:185 ) Allah said, وَيُعَذِّبَ الْمُنَـفِقِينَ وَالْمُنَـفِقَـتِ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ وَالْمُشْرِكَـتِ الظَّآنِّينَ بِاللَّهِ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ ( And that He may punish the hypocrites, men and women, and also the idolators, men and women, who think evil thoughts about Allah, ) who question the wisdom in Allah's decisions and think that the Messenger and his Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, might be killed and exterminated.
This is why Allah the Exalted said, عَلَيْهِمْ دَآئِرَةُ السَّوْءِ وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَعَنَهُمْ ( for them is a disgraceful torment.
And the anger of Allah is upon them, and He has cursed them ) He has cast them away from His mercy, وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ جَهَنَّمَ وَسَآءَتْ مَصِيراً ( and prepared Hell for them -- and worst indeed is that destination. ) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored asserted His ability to take revenge from the enemies of Islam and all disbelievers and hypocrites, وَلِلَّهِ جُنُودُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزاً حَكِيماً ( And to Allah belong the armies of the heavens and the earth.
And Allah is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise. )

When ’Abdullah Ibn Ubayy Ibn Salul heard of the honour Allah had bestowed upon the believers, he went and said to the Prophet ( pbuh ): O Messenger of Allah! By Allah, we are just like them, so what do we get? Allah said: ( And may punish the hypocritical men and the hypocritical women, and the idolatrous men and the idolatrous women, who think an evil thought concerning Allah ) that He will not help His Messenger against the hypocrites. ( For them is the evil turn of fortune ) and an evil consequence, ( and Allah is wroth against them and hath cursed them ) He banished them from all good, ( and hath made ready for them ) in the Hereafter ( hell, a hapless journey’s end ) what an evil destination they will head for in the Hereafter.

And that He may punish the Munafiqun (hypocrites), men and women, and also the Mushrikun men and women, who think evil thoughts about Allah, for them is a disgraceful torment, and the Anger of Allah is upon them, and He has cursed them and prepared Hell for them, and worst indeed is that destination.

Page 511 English transliteration