Surah Al Imran ayat 119 Tafsir Quran 3:119

﴿هَا أَنتُمْ أُولَاءِ تُحِبُّونَهُمْ وَلَا يُحِبُّونَكُمْ وَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْكِتَابِ كُلِّهِ وَإِذَا لَقُوكُمْ قَالُوا آمَنَّا وَإِذَا خَلَوْا عَضُّوا عَلَيْكُمُ الْأَنَامِلَ مِنَ الْغَيْظِ ۚ قُلْ مُوتُوا بِغَيْظِكُمْ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ﴾
[ آل عمران: 119]

3:119 Here you are loving them but they are not loving you, while you believe in the Scripture - all of it. And when they meet you, they say, "We believe." But when they are alone, they bite their fingertips at you in rage. Say, "Die in your rage. Indeed, Allah is Knowing of that within the breasts."

Lo hā ‘lo!’ is for calling attention to something there you are O believers you love them on account of their kinship and their pretence of friendship towards you but they love you not since they oppose you in religion; you believe in the Book all of it that is to say in the Books all of them but they do not believe in your Book and when they meet you they say ‘We believe’ but when they are alone they bite at you their fingertips in rage in extreme fury at what they see of your mutual affection the biting of the fingertips is used to figuratively express the severity of rage even if there be no biting involved. Say ‘Perish in your rage that is be this way until the end of your lives for you shall not see what will please you; God knows what is in the breasts’ what is in the hearts including that which these conceal.

You see how you hold them dear and entertain great regard for them while they do not reciprocate the same feeling. You give credence to all the Books which Allah has revealed while they do not. When they come face to face with you they declare that they have conformed their will to Allah’s blessed will but when they are apart from you, they bite their lips and their finger tips in the rage of distemper. Say to them O Muhammad: Perish those whose minds are backwards and perish you in the rage of your distemper; Allah is indeed Alimun of all private thoughts and feelings in the breast

Prohibition of Taking Allies From Disbelievers Who Ridicule Islam Allah forbids His believing servants from taking the hypocrites as allies, so that the hypocrites do not have the opportunity to expose the secrets of the believers and their plans against their enemies.
The hypocrites try their very best to confuse, oppose and harm the believers any way they can, and by using any wicked, evil means at their disposal.
They wish the very worst and difficult conditions for the believers.
Allah said, لاَ تَتَّخِذُواْ بِطَانَةً مِّن دُونِكُمْ ( Take not as (your ) Bitanah those other than your own) 3:118, in reference to taking followers of other religions as consultants and allies, for advisors of a certain person have access to his most secret affairs.
Al-Bukhari and An-Nasa'i recorded that, Abu Sa`id said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«مَا بَعَثَ اللهُ مِنْ نَبِيَ وَلَا اسْتَخْلَفَ مِنْ خَلِيفَةٍ إِلَّا كَانَتْ لَهُ بِطَانَتَانِ: بِطَانَةٌ تَأْمُرُهُ بِالْخَيْرِ وَتَحُضُّهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَبِطَانَةٌ تَأْمُرُهُ بِالسُّوءِ وَتَحُضُّهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَالْمَعْصُومُ مَنْ عَصَمَ الله»
( Allah has not sent any Prophet nor was there any Khalifah but they have two types of allies, one that commands him with righteousness and advises it, and another that commands him with evil and advises him with it.
Only those whom Allah gives immunity are immune. ) Ibn Abi Hatim reported that Ibn Abi Ad-Dahqanah said, "`Umar bin Al-Khattab was told, `There is young man here from the people of Hirah ( in Iraq, who were Christians ) who is a proficient scribe.
Why do you not appoint him as a scribe' `Umar said, `I would then be taking advisors from among the disbelievers."' This Ayah and the story about `Umar testify to the fact that Muslims are not allowed to use Ahl Adh-Dhimmah to be scribes in matters that affect the affairs of Muslims and expose their secrets, for they might convey these secrets to combatant disbelievers.
This is why Allah said, لاَ يَأْلُونَكُمْ خَبَالاً وَدُّواْ مَا عَنِتُّمْ ( since they will not fail to do their best to corrupt you.
They desire to harm you severely. ) Allah then said, قَدْ بَدَتِ الْبَغْضَآءُ مِنْ أَفْوَهِهِمْ وَمَا تُخْفِى صُدُورُهُمْ أَكْبَرُ ( Hatred has already appeared from their mouths, but what their breasts conceal is far worse. ) meaning, enmity appears on their faces and in what they sometimes utter, as well as, the enmity they have against Islam and its people in their hearts.
Since this fact is apparent to every person who has sound comprehension, therefore, قَدْ بَيَّنَّا لَكُمُ الاٌّيَـتِ إِنْ كُنتُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ ( Indeed We have made plain to you the Ayat if you understand. ) Allah said next, هَآأَنتُمْ أُوْلاءِ تُحِبُّونَهُمْ وَلاَ يُحِبُّونَكُمْ ( O! You are the ones who love them but they love you not ), meaning, O believers! You like the hypocrites because you think they are believers, for they pretend to be so, but they do not like you publicly or secretly. وَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْكِتَـبِ كُلِّهِ ( And you believe in all the Scriptures ) meaning, you have no doubt in any part of Allah's Book, while the hypocrites have deep doubts, confusion and reservations about it. Muhammad bin Ishaq reported that Ibn `Abbas said that, وَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْكِتَـبِ كُلِّهِ ( and you believe in all the Scriptures, ) means, you believe in your Book, their Book, and the previous Books, while the hypocrites disbelieve in your Book, and this is why they deserve that you dislike them instead of them disliking you.
Ibn Jarir collected this statement. وَإِذَا لَقُوكُمْ قَالُواْ ءَامَنَّا وَإِذَا خَلَوْاْ عَضُّواْ عَلَيْكُمُ الاٌّنَامِلَ مِنَ الْغَيْظِ ( And when they meet you, they say, "We believe." But when they are alone, they bite their Anamil at you in rage. ) The word Anamil, means the tips of the fingers, as Qatadah stated.
This is the behavior of the hypocrites who pretend to be believers and kind when they are with the believers, all the while concealing the opposite in their hearts in every respect.
This is the exact situation that Allah describes, وَإِذَا خَلَوْاْ عَضُّواْ عَلَيْكُمُ الاٌّنَامِلَ مِنَ الْغَيْظِ ( But when they are alone, they bite their Anamil at you in rage ) and rage is extreme anger and fury.
Allah said to them, قُلْ مُوتُواْ بِغَيْظِكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ ( Say: "Perish in your rage.
Certainly, Allah knows what is in the breasts (all the secrets ).") for no matter how much you envy the believers and feel rage towards them, know that Allah shall perfect His favor on His believing servants, complete His religion, raise high His Word and give dominance to His religion.
Therefore, O hypocrites, die in rage, إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ ( Allah knows what is in the breasts. ) Allah has perfect knowledge of what you conceal in your hearts and chests and in the rage, envy and hatred you have against the believers.
Allah will punish you for all this in this life, and they will have the good that you dislike for them.
In the Hereafter, you will suffer severe torment in the Fire where you will remain for eternity. Thereafter, Allah said, إِن تَمْسَسْكُمْ حَسَنَةٌ تَسُؤْهُمْ وَإِن تُصِبْكُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ يَفْرَحُواْ بِهَا ( If a good befalls you, it grieves them, but if some evil overtakes you, they rejoice at it ) 3:120.
This only emphasizes the severity of the enmity that the hypocrites feel against the believers.
If the believers enjoy fertile years, victories, support and their numbers and following increase, the hypocrites become displeased.
When the Muslims suffer a drought or their enemies gain the upper hand against them, by Allah's decree, just as occurred during the battle of Uhud, the hypocrites become pleased.
Allah said to His believing servants, وَإِن تَصْبِرُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ لاَ يَضُرُّكُمْ كَيْدُهُمْ شَيْئاً ( But if you remain patient and have Taqwa, not the least harm will their cunning do to you. ) Allah directs the believers to safety from the wickedness of evil people and the plots of the sinners, by recommending them to revert to patience and by having fear of Allah and trusting Him.
Allah encompasses the enemies of the believers, all the while the believers have no power or strength except from Him.
Whatever Allah wills, occurs, and whatever He does not will, does not occur.
Nothing happens in His Kingdom except with His decision and according to His decrees.
Verily, whoever relies on Allah, Allah shall suffice for him. Allah then mentions the story of Uhud, the defeat that He tested the believers with, His distinguishing the believers from the hypocrites and their patience.

(3:119) Lo! It is you who love them but they do not love you even though you believe in the whole of the (heavenly) Book. *93 When they meet you they say: 'We believe', but when they are by themselves they bite their fingers in rage at you. Say: 'Perish in your rage.' Allah knows even what lies hidden in their breasts.

Here you are loving them but they meaning

*93).
It is strange that although the Muslims had reason to feel aggrieved by the Jews it was the latter who felt aggrieved by the Muslims.
Since the Muslims believed in the Torah along with the Qur'an the Jews had no justifiable ground for complaint.
If anyone had cause to complain it was the Muslims for the Jews did not believe in the Qur'an.

 

Prohibition of Taking Allies From Disbelievers Who Ridicule Islam Allah forbids His believing servants from taking the hypocrites as allies, so that the hypocrites do not have the opportunity to expose the secrets of the believers and their plans against their enemies.
The hypocrites try their very best to confuse, oppose and harm the believers any way they can, and by using any wicked, evil means at their disposal.
They wish the very worst and difficult conditions for the believers.
Allah said, لاَ تَتَّخِذُواْ بِطَانَةً مِّن دُونِكُمْ ( Take not as (your ) Bitanah those other than your own) 3:118, in reference to taking followers of other religions as consultants and allies, for advisors of a certain person have access to his most secret affairs.
Al-Bukhari and An-Nasa'i recorded that, Abu Sa`id said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «مَا بَعَثَ اللهُ مِنْ نَبِيَ وَلَا اسْتَخْلَفَ مِنْ خَلِيفَةٍ إِلَّا كَانَتْ لَهُ بِطَانَتَانِ: بِطَانَةٌ تَأْمُرُهُ بِالْخَيْرِ وَتَحُضُّهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَبِطَانَةٌ تَأْمُرُهُ بِالسُّوءِ وَتَحُضُّهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَالْمَعْصُومُ مَنْ عَصَمَ الله» ( Allah has not sent any Prophet nor was there any Khalifah but they have two types of allies, one that commands him with righteousness and advises it, and another that commands him with evil and advises him with it.
Only those whom Allah gives immunity are immune. ) Ibn Abi Hatim reported that Ibn Abi Ad-Dahqanah said, "`Umar bin Al-Khattab was told, `There is young man here from the people of Hirah ( in Iraq, who were Christians ) who is a proficient scribe.
Why do you not appoint him as a scribe' `Umar said, `I would then be taking advisors from among the disbelievers."' This Ayah and the story about `Umar testify to the fact that Muslims are not allowed to use Ahl Adh-Dhimmah to be scribes in matters that affect the affairs of Muslims and expose their secrets, for they might convey these secrets to combatant disbelievers.
This is why Allah said, لاَ يَأْلُونَكُمْ خَبَالاً وَدُّواْ مَا عَنِتُّمْ ( since they will not fail to do their best to corrupt you.
They desire to harm you severely. ) Allah then said, قَدْ بَدَتِ الْبَغْضَآءُ مِنْ أَفْوَهِهِمْ وَمَا تُخْفِى صُدُورُهُمْ أَكْبَرُ ( Hatred has already appeared from their mouths, but what their breasts conceal is far worse. ) meaning, enmity appears on their faces and in what they sometimes utter, as well as, the enmity they have against Islam and its people in their hearts.
Since this fact is apparent to every person who has sound comprehension, therefore, قَدْ بَيَّنَّا لَكُمُ الاٌّيَـتِ إِنْ كُنتُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ ( Indeed We have made plain to you the Ayat if you understand. ) Allah said next, هَآأَنتُمْ أُوْلاءِ تُحِبُّونَهُمْ وَلاَ يُحِبُّونَكُمْ ( O! You are the ones who love them but they love you not ), meaning, O believers! You like the hypocrites because you think they are believers, for they pretend to be so, but they do not like you publicly or secretly. وَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْكِتَـبِ كُلِّهِ ( And you believe in all the Scriptures ) meaning, you have no doubt in any part of Allah's Book, while the hypocrites have deep doubts, confusion and reservations about it. Muhammad bin Ishaq reported that Ibn `Abbas said that, وَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْكِتَـبِ كُلِّهِ ( and you believe in all the Scriptures, ) means, you believe in your Book, their Book, and the previous Books, while the hypocrites disbelieve in your Book, and this is why they deserve that you dislike them instead of them disliking you.
Ibn Jarir collected this statement. وَإِذَا لَقُوكُمْ قَالُواْ ءَامَنَّا وَإِذَا خَلَوْاْ عَضُّواْ عَلَيْكُمُ الاٌّنَامِلَ مِنَ الْغَيْظِ ( And when they meet you, they say, "We believe." But when they are alone, they bite their Anamil at you in rage. ) The word Anamil, means the tips of the fingers, as Qatadah stated.
This is the behavior of the hypocrites who pretend to be believers and kind when they are with the believers, all the while concealing the opposite in their hearts in every respect.
This is the exact situation that Allah describes, وَإِذَا خَلَوْاْ عَضُّواْ عَلَيْكُمُ الاٌّنَامِلَ مِنَ الْغَيْظِ ( But when they are alone, they bite their Anamil at you in rage ) and rage is extreme anger and fury.
Allah said to them, قُلْ مُوتُواْ بِغَيْظِكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ ( Say: "Perish in your rage.
Certainly, Allah knows what is in the breasts (all the secrets ).") for no matter how much you envy the believers and feel rage towards them, know that Allah shall perfect His favor on His believing servants, complete His religion, raise high His Word and give dominance to His religion.
Therefore, O hypocrites, die in rage, إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ ( Allah knows what is in the breasts. ) Allah has perfect knowledge of what you conceal in your hearts and chests and in the rage, envy and hatred you have against the believers.
Allah will punish you for all this in this life, and they will have the good that you dislike for them.
In the Hereafter, you will suffer severe torment in the Fire where you will remain for eternity. Thereafter, Allah said, إِن تَمْسَسْكُمْ حَسَنَةٌ تَسُؤْهُمْ وَإِن تُصِبْكُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ يَفْرَحُواْ بِهَا ( If a good befalls you, it grieves them, but if some evil overtakes you, they rejoice at it ) 3:120.
This only emphasizes the severity of the enmity that the hypocrites feel against the believers.
If the believers enjoy fertile years, victories, support and their numbers and following increase, the hypocrites become displeased.
When the Muslims suffer a drought or their enemies gain the upper hand against them, by Allah's decree, just as occurred during the battle of Uhud, the hypocrites become pleased.
Allah said to His believing servants, وَإِن تَصْبِرُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ لاَ يَضُرُّكُمْ كَيْدُهُمْ شَيْئاً ( But if you remain patient and have Taqwa, not the least harm will their cunning do to you. ) Allah directs the believers to safety from the wickedness of evil people and the plots of the sinners, by recommending them to revert to patience and by having fear of Allah and trusting Him.
Allah encompasses the enemies of the believers, all the while the believers have no power or strength except from Him.
Whatever Allah wills, occurs, and whatever He does not will, does not occur.
Nothing happens in His Kingdom except with His decision and according to His decrees.
Verily, whoever relies on Allah, Allah shall suffice for him. Allah then mentions the story of Uhud, the defeat that He tested the believers with, His distinguishing the believers from the hypocrites and their patience.

( Lo! Ye are ) O group of believers ( those who love them ) who love the Jews because of the ties of marriage and suckling ( though they love you not ) because of the Religion, ( and ye believe in all the Scripture ) you acknowledge all the revealed Books and messengers while they do not. ( When they ) the hypocrites among the Jews ( fall in with you they say: We believe ) in Muhammad and the Qur’an and we acknowledge that his traits and description are in our Scripture; ( but when they go apart ) and meet with each other ( they bite their finger tips at you, for rage. Say: Perish in your rage! Lo! Allah is Aware of what is hidden in (your ) breasts) He is Aware of what is in your heart of hatred and enmity.

Lo! You are the ones who love them but they love you not, and you believe in all the Scriptures [i.e. you believe in the Taurat (Torah) and the Injeel (Gospel), while they disbelieve in your Book, the Quran]. And when they meet you, they say, "We believe". But when they are alone, they bite the tips of their fingers at you in rage. Say: "Perish in your rage. Certainly, Allah knows what is in the breasts (all the secrets)."

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