Surah Muzammil ayat 14 Tafsir Quran 73:14

﴿يَوْمَ تَرْجُفُ الْأَرْضُ وَالْجِبَالُ وَكَانَتِ الْجِبَالُ كَثِيبًا مَّهِيلًا﴾
[ المزمل: 14]

73:14 On the Day the earth and the mountains will convulse and the mountains will become a heap of sand pouring down.

on the day when the earth and the mountains will quake and the mountains will be like heaps of shifting sand mahīl derives from hāla yahīlu; it is actually mahyūl but the damma sound is considered too heavy for the yā’ and is therefore transposed onto the hā’ while the wāw the second of two unvocalised consonants is omitted on account of it being extra and the damma is replaced by a kasra because of its phonetic affinity the letter yā’.

One Day the earth and the mountains shall be thrown into earthquakes, volcanoes and convulsions, and the mountains cave in and become like wind- drifted sand

And be patient with what they say, and keep away from them in a good way ( 10 )And leave Me alone to deal with the deniers, those who are in possession of good things of life.
And give them respite for a little ( 11 )Verily, with Us are Ankal, and Jahim ( 12 )And a food that chokes, and a painful torment ( 13 )On the Day when the earth and the mountains will ( Tarjufu ) shake, and the mountains will be a heap of sand poured out ( 14 )Verily, We have sent to you a Messenger to be a witness over you, as We did send a Messenger to Fir'awn ( 15 )But Fir'awn disobeyed the Messenger; so We seized him with a severe punishment ( 16 )Then how can you protect yourselves from the punishment, if you disbelieve, on a Day that will make the children gray-headed ( 17 )Whereon the heaven will be cleft asunder? His promise is certainly to be accomplished ( 18 ) The Command to be Patient with the Harms of the Disbelievers and a Discussion of what They will receive because of it Allah commands His Messenger ﷺ to be patient with what the foolish who reject him among his people say.
Allah also commands him to keep away from them in a nice way.
This means in a way that is not blameworthy.
Then Allah says to him, as a threat and a warning to his people - and He ( Allah ) is the Most Great, Whose anger nothing can stand before, وَذَرْنِي وَالْمُكَذِّبِينَ أُولِي النَّعْمَةِ ( And leave Me alone to deal with the deniers, those who are in possession of good things of life. ) meaning, 'leave Me to deal with the rich rejectors, who own great wealth.' For verily, they are more able to obey than others besides them, and they are requested to give the rights ( to people ) because they have what others do not have. وَمَهِّلْهُمْ قَلِيلًا ( And give them respite for a little. ) meaning, for a little while.
This is as Allah says, نُمَتِّعُهُمْ قَلِيلًا ثُمَّ نَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلَىٰ عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍ ( We let them enjoy for a little, then in the end We shall oblige them to (enter ) a great torment.)( 31:24 ) Thus, Allah says, إِنَّ لَدَيْنَا أَنْكَالًا ( Verily, with Us are Ankal, ) and these are fetters.
Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Tawus, Muhammad bin Ka'b, 'Abdullah bin Buraydah, Abu 'Imran Al-Jawni, Abu Mijlaz, Ad-Dahhak, Hammad bin Abi Sulayman, Qatadah, As-Suddi, Ibn Al-Mubarak, Ath-Thawri and others have all said this. وَجَحِيمًا ( and Jahim. ) This is a blazing fire. وَطَعَامًا ذَا غُصَّةٍ ( And a food that chokes, ) Ibn 'Abbas said, "This means it will get stuck in the throat and it will not enter or come out." وَعَذَابًا أَلِيمًا - يَوْمَ تَرْجُفُ الْأَرْضُ وَالْجِبَالُ ( and a painful torment.
On the Day when the earth and the mountains will (Tarjuf ) shake,) meaning, they will quake. وَكَانَتِ الْجِبَالُ كَثِيبًا مَهِيلًا ( And the mountains will be a heap of sand poured out. ) meaning, they will become like hills of sand after they had been firm rocks.
Then they will be utterly destroyed and nothing will remain of them.
This will occur until the entire earth becomes a flat land and no curvature will be seen in it.
Thus, there will be no valleys and no hills.
This means that no part of it will be low or elevated. Your Messenger is like the Messenger ( ﷺ ) to Fir'awn, and You know what happened to Fir'awn Then addresses the disbelievers of the Quraysh, and along with them the rest of mankind, إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولًا شَاهِدًا عَلَيْكُمْ ( Verily, We have sent to you a Messenger to be a witness over you, ) meaning, witnessing your deeds. كَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ رَسُولًا - فَعَصَىٰ فِرْعَوْنُ الرَّسُولَ فَأَخَذْنَاهُ أَخْذًا وَبِيلًا ( as We did send a Messenger to Fir'awn.
But Fir'awn disobeyed the Messenger; so We seized him with a severe punishment. ) أَخْذًا وَبِيلًا ( severe punishment ) Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Qatadah, As-Suddi, and Ath-Thawri said that this means severe.
This means, 'you should beware of denying this Messenger, lest you be afflicted by that which befell Fir'awn.
Allah seized him with the seizing of One Mighty and Powerful.' This is as Allah says, فَأَخَذَهُ اللَّهُ نَكَالَ الْآخِرَةِ وَالْأُولَىٰ ( So Allah seized him with punishment for his last and first transgression. )( 79:25 ) 'Therefore, you will be even more deserving of destruction and ruin if you deny your Messenger, because your Messenger is more noble and a greater than Prophet Musa, the son of 'Imran.' This has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas and Mujahid. The Threat of the Day of Judgement Allah says, فَكَيْفَ تَتَّقُونَ إِنْ كَفَرْتُمْ يَوْمًا يَجْعَلُ الْوِلْدَانَ شِيبًا ( Then how can you proctect yourselves from the punishment, if you disbelieved, on a Day that will make the children gray-headed? ) Ibn Jarir quoted in the recitation of Ibn Mas'ud: "How can you, O people, fear a Day that makes the children grey-headed, if you disbelieve in Allah and do not testify to Him?" So the first interpretation would mean, 'how can you attain safety for yourselves from the Day of this great horror if you disbelieve?' It could imply the meaning, 'how can you all attain piety if you disbelieve in the Day of Judgement and reject it.' Both of these meanings are good.
However, the first interpretation is closer to the truth.
And Allah knows best.
The meaning of Allah's statement, يَوْمًا يَجْعَلُ الْوِلْدَانَ شِيبًا ( On a Day that will make the children gray-headed? ) is that this will happen due to the severity of its horrors, its earthquakes and its disturbing confusion.
This is when Allah will say to Adam, "Send a group to the Fire." Adam will say, "How many?" Allah will then reply, "From every thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine to the Fire, and one to Paradise." Then Allah says, السَّمَاءُ مُنْفَطِرٌ بِهِ ۚ ( Whereon the heaven will be cleft asunder? ) Al-Hasan and Qatadah both said, "This means, because of it ( the Day of Judgement ), due to its severity and its horror." Then Allah says, كَانَ وَعْدُهُ مَفْعُولًا ( His promise is certainly to be accomplished. ) meaning, the promise of this Day will be fulfilled.
This means it will occur and there is no way around it, and it will come to pass and there is no avoiding it.

(73:14) (They will come across all this) on the Day when the earth and the mountains shall tremble violently and the mountains shall crumble into heaps of scattered sand. *14

On the Day the earth and the meaning

*14) Since at that time the cohesive force to bind the parts of the mountains together will cease to work, first they will become like crumbling dunes of fine sand, then because of the earthquake which will be shaking the earth; the sand will scatter and shift and the whole earth will turn into an empty level plain.
This last state has been described in Ta Ha: 105-107, thus: " They ask you: where will the mountains go on that Day? Say: My Lord will reduce them to fine dust and scatter it away.
He will turn the earth into an empty level plain, wherein you will neither see any curve no crease. "
 

And be patient with what they say, and keep away from them in a good way ( 10 )And leave Me alone to deal with the deniers, those who are in possession of good things of life.
And give them respite for a little ( 11 )Verily, with Us are Ankal, and Jahim ( 12 )And a food that chokes, and a painful torment ( 13 )On the Day when the earth and the mountains will ( Tarjufu ) shake, and the mountains will be a heap of sand poured out ( 14 )Verily, We have sent to you a Messenger to be a witness over you, as We did send a Messenger to Fir'awn ( 15 )But Fir'awn disobeyed the Messenger; so We seized him with a severe punishment ( 16 )Then how can you protect yourselves from the punishment, if you disbelieve, on a Day that will make the children gray-headed ( 17 )Whereon the heaven will be cleft asunder? His promise is certainly to be accomplished ( 18 ) The Command to be Patient with the Harms of the Disbelievers and a Discussion of what They will receive because of it Allah commands His Messenger ﷺ to be patient with what the foolish who reject him among his people say.
Allah also commands him to keep away from them in a nice way.
This means in a way that is not blameworthy.
Then Allah says to him, as a threat and a warning to his people - and He ( Allah ) is the Most Great, Whose anger nothing can stand before, وَذَرْنِي وَالْمُكَذِّبِينَ أُولِي النَّعْمَةِ ( And leave Me alone to deal with the deniers, those who are in possession of good things of life. ) meaning, 'leave Me to deal with the rich rejectors, who own great wealth.' For verily, they are more able to obey than others besides them, and they are requested to give the rights ( to people ) because they have what others do not have. وَمَهِّلْهُمْ قَلِيلًا ( And give them respite for a little. ) meaning, for a little while.
This is as Allah says, نُمَتِّعُهُمْ قَلِيلًا ثُمَّ نَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلَىٰ عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍ ( We let them enjoy for a little, then in the end We shall oblige them to (enter ) a great torment.)( 31:24 ) Thus, Allah says, إِنَّ لَدَيْنَا أَنْكَالًا ( Verily, with Us are Ankal, ) and these are fetters.
Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Tawus, Muhammad bin Ka'b, 'Abdullah bin Buraydah, Abu 'Imran Al-Jawni, Abu Mijlaz, Ad-Dahhak, Hammad bin Abi Sulayman, Qatadah, As-Suddi, Ibn Al-Mubarak, Ath-Thawri and others have all said this. وَجَحِيمًا ( and Jahim. ) This is a blazing fire. وَطَعَامًا ذَا غُصَّةٍ ( And a food that chokes, ) Ibn 'Abbas said, "This means it will get stuck in the throat and it will not enter or come out." وَعَذَابًا أَلِيمًا - يَوْمَ تَرْجُفُ الْأَرْضُ وَالْجِبَالُ ( and a painful torment.
On the Day when the earth and the mountains will (Tarjuf ) shake,) meaning, they will quake. وَكَانَتِ الْجِبَالُ كَثِيبًا مَهِيلًا ( And the mountains will be a heap of sand poured out. ) meaning, they will become like hills of sand after they had been firm rocks.
Then they will be utterly destroyed and nothing will remain of them.
This will occur until the entire earth becomes a flat land and no curvature will be seen in it.
Thus, there will be no valleys and no hills.
This means that no part of it will be low or elevated. Your Messenger is like the Messenger ( ﷺ ) to Fir'awn, and You know what happened to Fir'awn Then addresses the disbelievers of the Quraysh, and along with them the rest of mankind, إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولًا شَاهِدًا عَلَيْكُمْ ( Verily, We have sent to you a Messenger to be a witness over you, ) meaning, witnessing your deeds. كَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ رَسُولًا - فَعَصَىٰ فِرْعَوْنُ الرَّسُولَ فَأَخَذْنَاهُ أَخْذًا وَبِيلًا ( as We did send a Messenger to Fir'awn.
But Fir'awn disobeyed the Messenger; so We seized him with a severe punishment. ) أَخْذًا وَبِيلًا ( severe punishment ) Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Qatadah, As-Suddi, and Ath-Thawri said that this means severe.
This means, 'you should beware of denying this Messenger, lest you be afflicted by that which befell Fir'awn.
Allah seized him with the seizing of One Mighty and Powerful.' This is as Allah says, فَأَخَذَهُ اللَّهُ نَكَالَ الْآخِرَةِ وَالْأُولَىٰ ( So Allah seized him with punishment for his last and first transgression. )( 79:25 ) 'Therefore, you will be even more deserving of destruction and ruin if you deny your Messenger, because your Messenger is more noble and a greater than Prophet Musa, the son of 'Imran.' This has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas and Mujahid. The Threat of the Day of Judgement Allah says, فَكَيْفَ تَتَّقُونَ إِنْ كَفَرْتُمْ يَوْمًا يَجْعَلُ الْوِلْدَانَ شِيبًا ( Then how can you proctect yourselves from the punishment, if you disbelieved, on a Day that will make the children gray-headed? ) Ibn Jarir quoted in the recitation of Ibn Mas'ud: "How can you, O people, fear a Day that makes the children grey-headed, if you disbelieve in Allah and do not testify to Him?" So the first interpretation would mean, 'how can you attain safety for yourselves from the Day of this great horror if you disbelieve?' It could imply the meaning, 'how can you all attain piety if you disbelieve in the Day of Judgement and reject it.' Both of these meanings are good.
However, the first interpretation is closer to the truth.
And Allah knows best.
The meaning of Allah's statement, يَوْمًا يَجْعَلُ الْوِلْدَانَ شِيبًا ( On a Day that will make the children gray-headed? ) is that this will happen due to the severity of its horrors, its earthquakes and its disturbing confusion.
This is when Allah will say to Adam, "Send a group to the Fire." Adam will say, "How many?" Allah will then reply, "From every thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine to the Fire, and one to Paradise." Then Allah says, السَّمَاءُ مُنْفَطِرٌ بِهِ ۚ ( Whereon the heaven will be cleft asunder? ) Al-Hasan and Qatadah both said, "This means, because of it ( the Day of Judgement ), due to its severity and its horror." Then Allah says, كَانَ وَعْدُهُ مَفْعُولًا ( His promise is certainly to be accomplished. ) meaning, the promise of this Day will be fulfilled.
This means it will occur and there is no way around it, and it will come to pass and there is no avoiding it.

Then Allah explained when this will take place, saying: ( On the day when the earth and the hills rock ) on the day when the earth and the mountains will quake, (and the hills become a heap of running sand.

On the Day when the earth and the mountains will be in violent shake, and the mountains will be a heap of sand poured out and flowing down.

Page 574 English transliteration