Surah Araf ayat 142 Tafsir Quran 7:142

﴿۞ وَوَاعَدْنَا مُوسَىٰ ثَلَاثِينَ لَيْلَةً وَأَتْمَمْنَاهَا بِعَشْرٍ فَتَمَّ مِيقَاتُ رَبِّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً ۚ وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِأَخِيهِ هَارُونَ اخْلُفْنِي فِي قَوْمِي وَأَصْلِحْ وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ﴾
[ الأعراف: 142]

7:142 And We made an appointment with Moses for thirty nights and perfected them by [the addition of] ten; so the term of his Lord was completed as forty nights. And Moses said to his brother Aaron, "Take my place among my people, do right [by them], and do not follow the way of the corrupters."

And We appointed read wa-wā‘adnā or wa-wa‘adnā for Moses thirty nights at the end of which We would speak to him after he has fasted during that period; that was the month of Dhū’l-Qa‘da. He completed the fast. But when it came to an end he disliked the bad odour of his mouth and so cleaned his teeth. God then commanded him to fast for another ten nights so that He may speak to him despite the odour in his mouth as God says and completed them with ten nights of Dhū’l-Hijja. Thus was the time appointed by his Lord concluded the time at which God had promised him to speak to him as forty arba‘īna is a circumstantial qualifier nights laylatan is for specification; and Moses said to his brother Aaron when he was departing to the Mount for the communion with his Lord ‘Succeed me be my deputy over my people and be righteous among them with regard to their affair and do not follow the way of the agents of corruption’ by consenting with them to acts of disobedience.

Then We ordained the divine assignation for Mussa and arranged the place and the time when We would be exposed to his mental view after he had completed the exclusive religious devotion imposed on him for thirty nights complemented by ten more nights to total forty nights, the requisite for granting him an audience. And when the set time was fulfilled and Mussa was ready to have spiritual audience of Allah, his Creator, he said to his brother Harun: Take my place and act for me among my people and improve the state of things and put an end to abuse, disorder and malpractice and do not yield to those who are characterized by acts of prepensed malice

Musa fasts and worships Allah for Forty Days Allah reminds the Children of Israel of the guidance that He sent to them by speaking directly to Musa and revealing the Tawrah to him.
In it, was their law and the details of their legislation.
Allah stated here that He appointed thirty nights for Musa.
The scholars of Tafsir said that Musa fasted this period, and when they ended, Musa cleaned his teeth with a twig.
Allah commanded him to complete the term adding ten more days, making the total forty.
When the appointed term finished, Musa was about to return to Mount Tur, as Allah said, يبَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ قَدْ أَنجَيْنَـكُمْ مِّنْ عَدُوِّكُمْ وَوَاعَدْنَـكُمْ جَانِبَ الطُّورِ الاٌّيْمَنَ ( O Children of Israel! We delivered you from your enemy, and We made a covenant with you on the right side of the Mount ) 20:80.
Musa left his brother Harun with the Children of Israel and commanded him to use wisdom and refrain from mischief.
This was only a reminder, for Harun was an honorable and noble Prophet who had grace and exalted standard with Allah, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him and the rest of the Prophets.

(7:142) And We appointed for Moses thirty nights, to which We added ten, whereby the term of forty nights set by his Lord was fulfilled. *99 And Moses said to Aaron, his brother: 'Take my place among my people, act righteously, and do not follow the path of those who create mischief.' *100

And We made an appointment with Moses meaning

*99).
After the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt which marks, on the one hand, the end of the constraints of slavery and on the other, the beginning of their life as an independent nation, Moses was summoned by God to Mount Sinai in order that he might receive the Law for Israel.
He was initially summoned for a period of forty days so that he might single-mindedly devote himself to worshipping, fasting, meditation and reflection and thus develop the ability to receive the revelation which was to put a very heavy burden upon him.

In compliance with God's command, Moses left the Israelites at the place now known as the Wadi al-Shaykh which lies between Nabi Salih and Mount Sinai.
The place where the Israelites had camped is presently called
Maydan al-Rahah.
At one end of the valley is a hillock where, according to local tradition, the Prophet Salih pitched his tent after his migration from the land of Thamud.
A mosque built as a monument to the Prophet Salih still adorns the landscape.
Mount Harun is located at the other end of the valley where, again, according to local tradition, the Prophet Harun ( Aaron ) stayed after his exasperation with the Israelites because of their cow-worship.
The top of the towering Mount Sinai, standing 7,359 feet high, is mostly enveloped by clouds.
The cave to which Moses retired for forty days to devote himself to worship and meditation is situated at the top of the mountain, and still attracts many pilgrims.
Close to the cave are a mosque and a church.
Moreover, a monastery built in the Justinian period stands even today at the foot of the mountain.
( See Tafhim al-Qur'an, al-Naml 27: nn.
9-10. )
*100).
Although Aaron was senior to Moses in age by three years, he was placed under the direction of the Prophet Moses and was required to assist him in connection with his mission, As explained elsewhere in the Qur'an, Aaron was not assigned independent prophethood; he was rather appointed a Prophet by God in response to Moses' prayer that he be appointed as his assistant.
( See Ta Ha 20: 29-31 - Ed. )
 

Musa fasts and worships Allah for Forty Days Allah reminds the Children of Israel of the guidance that He sent to them by speaking directly to Musa and revealing the Tawrah to him.
In it, was their law and the details of their legislation.
Allah stated here that He appointed thirty nights for Musa.
The scholars of Tafsir said that Musa fasted this period, and when they ended, Musa cleaned his teeth with a twig.
Allah commanded him to complete the term adding ten more days, making the total forty.
When the appointed term finished, Musa was about to return to Mount Tur, as Allah said, يبَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ قَدْ أَنجَيْنَـكُمْ مِّنْ عَدُوِّكُمْ وَوَاعَدْنَـكُمْ جَانِبَ الطُّورِ الاٌّيْمَنَ ( O Children of Israel! We delivered you from your enemy, and We made a covenant with you on the right side of the Mount ) 20:80.
Musa left his brother Harun with the Children of Israel and commanded him to use wisdom and refrain from mischief.
This was only a reminder, for Harun was an honorable and noble Prophet who had grace and exalted standard with Allah, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him and the rest of the Prophets.

( And when We did appoint for Moses ) to spend in the mountain ( thirty nights (of solitude )) the month of the Dhu’l-Qa’dah, ( and added to them ten ) days from the month of Dhu’l-Hijjah, ( and he completed the whole time appointed by his Lord of forty nights ) as he promised; ( and Moses said unto his brother: Take my place ) be my deputy ( among the people. Do right ) enjoin them to do right, ( and follow not the way of mischief-makers ) by committing transgressions.

And We appointed for Musa (Moses) thirty nights and added (to the period) ten (more), and he completed the term, appointed by his Lord, of forty nights. And Musa (Moses) said to his brother Harun (Aaron): "Replace me among my people, act in the Right Way (by ordering the people to obey Allah and to worship Him Alone) and follow not the way of the Mufsidun (mischief-makers)."

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