Surah Abasa ayat 16 Tafsir Quran 80:16

﴿كِرَامٍ بَرَرَةٍ﴾
[ عبس: 16]

80:16 Noble and dutiful.

noble pious obedient to God exalted be He these being the angels.

Honourable, pious and just

Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ (In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The Prophet being reprimanded because He frowned at a Weak Man More than one of the scholars of Tafsir mentioned that one day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was addressing one of the great leaders of the Quraysh while hoping that he would accept Islam.
While he was speaking in direct conversation with him, Ibn Umm Maktum came to him, and he was of those who had accepted Islam in its earliest days.
He ( Ibn Umm Maktum ) then began asking the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about something, urgently beseeching him.
The Prophet hoped that the man would be guided, so he asked Ibn Umm Maktum to wait for a moment so he could complete his conversation.
He frowned in the face of Ibn Umm Maktum and turned away from him in order to face the other man.
Thus, Allah revealed, عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّى - أَن جَآءَهُ الاٌّعْمَى - وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُ يَزَّكَّى ( He frowned and turned away.
Because there came to him the blind man.
And how can you know that he might become pure ) meaning, he may attain purification and cleanliness in his soul. أَوْ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنفَعَهُ الذِّكْرَى ( Or he might receive admonition, and the admonition might profit him ) meaning, he may receive admonition and abstain from the forbidden. أَمَّا مَنِ اسْتَغْنَى - فَأَنتَ لَهُ تَصَدَّى ( As for him who thinks himself self-sufficient.
To him you attend; ) meaning, `you face the rich person so that perhaps he may be guided.' وَمَا عَلَيْكَ أَلاَّ يَزَّكَّى ( What does it matter to you if he will not become pure ) meaning, `you are not responsible for him if he does not attain purification.' وَأَمَّا مَن جَآءَكَ يَسْعَى - وَهُوَ يَخْشَى ( But as for him who came to you running.
And is afraid. ) meaning, `he is seeking you and he comes to you so that he may be guided by what you say to him.' فَأَنتَ عَنْهُ تَلَهَّى ( Of him you are neglectful and divert your attention to another. ) meaning, `you are too busy.' Here Allah commands His Messenger to not single anyone out with the warning.
Rather, he should equal warn the noble and the weak, the poor and the rich, the master and the slave, the men and the women, the young and the old.
Then Allah will guide whomever He chooses to a path that is straight.
He has the profound wisdom and the decisive proof.
Abu Ya`la and Ibn Jarir both recorded from `A'ishah that she said about, عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّى ( He frowned and turned away. ) was revealed." At-Tirmirdhi recorded this Hadith but he did not mention that it was narrated by `A'ishah.
I say it is reported like this in Al-Muwatta' as well. The Characteristics of the Qur'an Allah says, كَلاَّ إِنَّهَا تَذْكِرَةٌ ( Nay; indeed it is an admonition. ) meaning, this Surah, or this advice in conveying knowledge equally among people, whether they are of noble or low class.
Qatadah and As-Suddi both said, كَلاَّ إِنَّهَا تَذْكِرَةٌ ( Nay; indeed it is an admonition. ) "This means the Qur'an." فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ( So, whoever wills, let him pay attention to Him (it ).) meaning, so whoever wills, he remembers Allah in all of his affairs.
The pronoun could also be understood to be referring to the revelation since the conversation is alluding to it.
Allah said: فَى صُحُفٍ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ - مَّرْفُوعَةٍ مُّطَهَّرَةٍ ( In Records held in honor, exalted, purified. ) meaning, this Surah or this admonition.
Both meanings are connected to each other.
Actually, all of the Qur'an is in honored pages, meaning respected and revered. مَّرْفُوعَةٍ ( exalted ) meaning, elevated in status. مُّطَهَّرَةٍ ( purified ) meaning, from impurity, additions and deficiency.
Concerning Allah's statement, بِأَيْدِى سَفَرَةٍ ( In the hands of ambassadors (Safarah ),) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak, and Ibn Zayd, all said, "These are the angels." Al-Bukhari said, "Safarah ( ambassadors ) refers to the angels.
They travel around rectifying matters between themselves.
The angels when they descend with the revelation of Allah, bringing it like the ambassador who rectifies matters between people." Allah said, كِرَامٍ بَرَرَةٍ ( Honorable and obedient. ) meaning, they are noble, handsome, and honorable in their creation.
Their character and their deeds are righteous, pure and perfect.
Here it should be noted that it is necessary for one who carries the Qur'an ( i.e., the angel ) to be following righteousness and guidance.
Imam Ahmad recorded from `A'ishah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«الَّذِي يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَهُوَ مَاهِرٌ بِهِ، مَعَ السَّفَرَةِ الْكِرَامِ الْبَرَرَةِ، وَالَّذِي يَقْرَؤُهُ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ شَاقٌّ، لَهُ أَجْرَان»
( He who recites the Qur'an proficiently, will be with the noble, righteous, ambassador angels, and the one who recites it with difficulty will receive two rewards. ) This Hadith was reported by the group.

(80:16) noble *6 and purified. *7

Noble and dutiful. meaning

*6) This refers to the angels who were writing the scrolls of the Qur'an under the direct guidance of Allah, were guarding them and conveying them intact to the Holy Prophet ( upon whom be peace ).
Two words have been used to qualify them: karim, i.e.
noble, and barr, i.e.
virtuous.
The first word is meant to say that they are .
so honoured and noble that it is not possible that such exalted beings would commit even the slightest dishonesty in the trust reposed in them.
The second word has been used to tell that they carry out the responsibility entrusted to them of writing down the scrolls, guarding them and conveying them to the Messenger with perfect honesty and integrity.

*7) If the context in which these verses occur, is considered deeply, it becomes obvious that here the.
Qur'an has not been praised for the sake of its greatness and glory but to tell the arrogant people, who were repudiating its message with contempt, plainly: "The glorious Qur'an is too holy and exalted a Book to be presented before you humbly with the request that you may kindly accept it if you so please.
For it dces not stand in need of you as you stand in need of it.
If you really seek your well-being, you should clear your head of the evil thoughts and submit to its message humbly; otherwise you are not so self-sufficient of this Book as this Book is self-sufficient of you.
Your treating it with scorn and contempt will not affect its glory and greatness at all, rather your own pride and arrogance will be ruined on account of it.

 

Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ (In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The Prophet being reprimanded because He frowned at a Weak Man More than one of the scholars of Tafsir mentioned that one day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was addressing one of the great leaders of the Quraysh while hoping that he would accept Islam.
While he was speaking in direct conversation with him, Ibn Umm Maktum came to him, and he was of those who had accepted Islam in its earliest days.
He ( Ibn Umm Maktum ) then began asking the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about something, urgently beseeching him.
The Prophet hoped that the man would be guided, so he asked Ibn Umm Maktum to wait for a moment so he could complete his conversation.
He frowned in the face of Ibn Umm Maktum and turned away from him in order to face the other man.
Thus, Allah revealed, عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّى - أَن جَآءَهُ الاٌّعْمَى - وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُ يَزَّكَّى ( He frowned and turned away.
Because there came to him the blind man.
And how can you know that he might become pure ) meaning, he may attain purification and cleanliness in his soul. أَوْ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنفَعَهُ الذِّكْرَى ( Or he might receive admonition, and the admonition might profit him ) meaning, he may receive admonition and abstain from the forbidden. أَمَّا مَنِ اسْتَغْنَى - فَأَنتَ لَهُ تَصَدَّى ( As for him who thinks himself self-sufficient.
To him you attend; ) meaning, `you face the rich person so that perhaps he may be guided.' وَمَا عَلَيْكَ أَلاَّ يَزَّكَّى ( What does it matter to you if he will not become pure ) meaning, `you are not responsible for him if he does not attain purification.' وَأَمَّا مَن جَآءَكَ يَسْعَى - وَهُوَ يَخْشَى ( But as for him who came to you running.
And is afraid. ) meaning, `he is seeking you and he comes to you so that he may be guided by what you say to him.' فَأَنتَ عَنْهُ تَلَهَّى ( Of him you are neglectful and divert your attention to another. ) meaning, `you are too busy.' Here Allah commands His Messenger to not single anyone out with the warning.
Rather, he should equal warn the noble and the weak, the poor and the rich, the master and the slave, the men and the women, the young and the old.
Then Allah will guide whomever He chooses to a path that is straight.
He has the profound wisdom and the decisive proof.
Abu Ya`la and Ibn Jarir both recorded from `A'ishah that she said about, عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّى ( He frowned and turned away. ) was revealed." At-Tirmirdhi recorded this Hadith but he did not mention that it was narrated by `A'ishah.
I say it is reported like this in Al-Muwatta' as well. The Characteristics of the Qur'an Allah says, كَلاَّ إِنَّهَا تَذْكِرَةٌ ( Nay; indeed it is an admonition. ) meaning, this Surah, or this advice in conveying knowledge equally among people, whether they are of noble or low class.
Qatadah and As-Suddi both said, كَلاَّ إِنَّهَا تَذْكِرَةٌ ( Nay; indeed it is an admonition. ) "This means the Qur'an." فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ( So, whoever wills, let him pay attention to Him (it ).) meaning, so whoever wills, he remembers Allah in all of his affairs.
The pronoun could also be understood to be referring to the revelation since the conversation is alluding to it.
Allah said: فَى صُحُفٍ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ - مَّرْفُوعَةٍ مُّطَهَّرَةٍ ( In Records held in honor, exalted, purified. ) meaning, this Surah or this admonition.
Both meanings are connected to each other.
Actually, all of the Qur'an is in honored pages, meaning respected and revered. مَّرْفُوعَةٍ ( exalted ) meaning, elevated in status. مُّطَهَّرَةٍ ( purified ) meaning, from impurity, additions and deficiency.
Concerning Allah's statement, بِأَيْدِى سَفَرَةٍ ( In the hands of ambassadors (Safarah ),) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak, and Ibn Zayd, all said, "These are the angels." Al-Bukhari said, "Safarah ( ambassadors ) refers to the angels.
They travel around rectifying matters between themselves.
The angels when they descend with the revelation of Allah, bringing it like the ambassador who rectifies matters between people." Allah said, كِرَامٍ بَرَرَةٍ ( Honorable and obedient. ) meaning, they are noble, handsome, and honorable in their creation.
Their character and their deeds are righteous, pure and perfect.
Here it should be noted that it is necessary for one who carries the Qur'an ( i.e., the angel ) to be following righteousness and guidance.
Imam Ahmad recorded from `A'ishah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «الَّذِي يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَهُوَ مَاهِرٌ بِهِ، مَعَ السَّفَرَةِ الْكِرَامِ الْبَرَرَةِ، وَالَّذِي يَقْرَؤُهُ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ شَاقٌّ، لَهُ أَجْرَان» ( He who recites the Qur'an proficiently, will be with the noble, righteous, ambassador angels, and the one who recites it with difficulty will receive two rewards. ) This Hadith was reported by the group.

( Noble ) in the sight of Allah and surrendered to Him ( and righteous ) truthful; these are the keepers of the nether heaven.

Honourable and obedient.

Page 585 English transliteration