Surah Qasas ayat 17 Tafsir Quran 28:17

﴿قَالَ رَبِّ بِمَا أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ فَلَنْ أَكُونَ ظَهِيرًا لِّلْمُجْرِمِينَ﴾
[ القصص: 17]

28:17 He said, "My Lord, for the favor You bestowed upon me, I will never be an assistant to the criminals."

He said ‘My Lord forasmuch as You have been gracious to me with forgiveness protect me so I will never be a partisan a supporter of the criminals’ the disbelievers henceforth if you were to protect me.

And he added: O Allah, my Creator, since You have been gracious to me I promise I will never be a help to those who are disposed to the practice of evil

How Musa killed a Coptic Man Having described Musa's beginnings, Allah then tells us that when he reached maturity, and was complete in stature, Allah gave him Hukm and religious knowledge.
Mujahid said that this means prophethood. وَكَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الْمُحْسِنِينَ ( And thus do We reward the doers of good. ) Then Allah describes how Musa reached the status that was decreed for him, that of Prophethood and speaking to Allah, as a direct consequence of killing the Coptic, which was the reason why he left Egypt and went to Madyan.
Allah says: وَدَخَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ عَلَى حِينِ غَفْلَةٍ مِّنْ أَهْلِهَا ( And he entered the city when its people were unaware. ) Ibn Jurayj narrated from `Ata' Al-Khurasani, from Ibn `Abbas, "That was between Maghrib and `Isha'." Ibn Al-Munkadir narrated from `Ata' bin Yasar from Ibn `Abbas, "That was in the middle of the day." This was also the view of Sa`id bin Jubayr, `Ikrimah, As-Suddi and Qatadah. فَوَجَدَ فِيهَا رَجُلَيْنِ يَقْتَتِلاَنِ ( and he found there two men fighting, ) meaning, hitting one another and struggling with one another. هَـذَا مِن شِيعَتِهِ ( one of his party, ) meaning, an Israelite, وَهَـذَا مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ ( and the other of his foes. ) meaning, a Coptic.
This was the view of Ibn `Abbas, Qatadah, As-Suddi and Muhammad bin Ishaq.
The Israelite man asked Musa, peace be upon him, for help, and Musa took advantage of the fact that people were not paying attention, so he went to the Coptic man and فَوَكَزَهُ مُوسَى فَقَضَى عَلَيْهِ ( so Musa struck him with his fist and he died. ) Mujahid said, "This means he punched him with his fist." And then he died. قَالَ ( He said ) refers to Musa. وَدَخَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ عَلَى حِينِ غَفْلَةٍ مِّنْ أَهْلِهَا فَوَجَدَ فِيهَا رَجُلَيْنِ يَقْتَتِلاَنِ هَـذَا مِن شِيعَتِهِ وَهَـذَا مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ فَاسْتَغَـثَهُ الَّذِى مِن شِيعَتِهِ عَلَى الَّذِى مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ فَوَكَزَهُ مُوسَى فَقَضَى عَلَيْهِ قَالَ هَـذَا مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَـنِ إِنَّهُ عَدُوٌّ مُّضِلٌّ مُّبِينٌ - قَالَ رَب إِنِّى ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِى فَاغْفِرْ لِى فَغَفَرَ لَهُ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ قَالَ رَبِّ بِمَآ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَىَّ ( "This is of Shaytan's doing, verily, he is a plain misleading enemy." He said: "My Lord! Verily, I have wronged myself, so forgive me." Then He forgave him.
Verily, He is the Oft-Forgiving, the Most Merciful.
He said: "My Lord! For that with which You have favored me, ) meaning, `what You have given me of prestige, power and blessings -- ' فَلَنْ أَكُونَ ظَهِيراً ( I will nevermore be a helper of the criminals! ) `those who disbelieve in You and go against Your commands.'

(28:17) Moses promised, "O my Lord, after this favour that You have shown me, *25 I shall never again be a helper of the criminals. " *26

He said, "My Lord, for the favor meaning

*25) That is, " The favour of concealing my `act' from my enemies and enabling me to escape unharmed from Egypt.
"
*26) This pledge of the Prophet Moses is in very comprehensive words.
What he meant by this was that he would neither become a helper of an individual nor of those who perpetrated cruelty and tyranny in the world.
Ibn Jarir and several other commentators have rightly understood this to mean that on that very day the Prophet Moses pledged to sever his relations with Pharaoh and his government, for it was a tyrannical government, which had set up a wicked system on God's earth.
He realized that it was not for any honest person to continue as a functionary of a tyrannical kingdom and become an instrument of increasing its power and grandeur.

The Muslim scholars in general have deduced from this pledge of the Prophet Moses that a believer should completely refrain from helping a tyrant, whether the tyrant is an individual, or a group, or a government or kingdom.
Somebody asked Hadrat `Ata' bin Abi Rabah the well-known follower of the Companions, " My brother is secretary to the governor of Kufah, under the Umayyids.
Though he does not decide the disputes of the people, the decisions, however, ate issued through his pen.
He has to continue in this service because this is his only source of income. " Hadrat 'Ata` recited this verse, and said, " Your brother should throw away his pen: the Providence is Allah.
Another secretary asked `Amir Sha`bi, "O Abu `Amr, I am only responsible for writing down and issuing the judgements: I have nothing to do with passing them.
Is it lawful provision for me ?" He replied, "It is just possible that a sentence of murder is passed against an innocent person and it is issued under your pen; or a person's property is confiscated unjustly; or somebody's house is ordered to be pulled down, and the orders are issued under your pen." Then the said Imam recited this verse, hearing which the secretary said, "After this day my pen will not be used for issuing judgements of the Umayyids." The Imam said, "Then AIlah also will not deprive you of your daily bread."
'Abdur Rehman bin Muslim had only asked Dahhak to go to Bukhara and distribute the salaries of the officials there, but he declined even this.
When his friends said there was nothing wrong in it, he replied, "I do not want to be a helper of the unjust in any way." ( Ruh al-Ma`ani, Vol.
XX.
p.
49 ) All of Imam Abu Hanifah's authentic biographers including Al-Muwaffaq al-Makki, lbn al-Bazzaz al-Karvari, Mulla `AIi Qari, etc..
have related that Hasan bin Qahtubah, the commander-in-chief of Mansur, had tendered his resignation only on his instruction, saying, "Whatever I have done to support your kingdom until today, is enough for me if it was in the cause of AIIah, but if it was for injustice and tyranny, then I do not want to add to my crimes in my conduct-book.

 

How Musa killed a Coptic Man Having described Musa's beginnings, Allah then tells us that when he reached maturity, and was complete in stature, Allah gave him Hukm and religious knowledge.
Mujahid said that this means prophethood. وَكَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الْمُحْسِنِينَ ( And thus do We reward the doers of good. ) Then Allah describes how Musa reached the status that was decreed for him, that of Prophethood and speaking to Allah, as a direct consequence of killing the Coptic, which was the reason why he left Egypt and went to Madyan.
Allah says: وَدَخَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ عَلَى حِينِ غَفْلَةٍ مِّنْ أَهْلِهَا ( And he entered the city when its people were unaware. ) Ibn Jurayj narrated from `Ata' Al-Khurasani, from Ibn `Abbas, "That was between Maghrib and `Isha'." Ibn Al-Munkadir narrated from `Ata' bin Yasar from Ibn `Abbas, "That was in the middle of the day." This was also the view of Sa`id bin Jubayr, `Ikrimah, As-Suddi and Qatadah. فَوَجَدَ فِيهَا رَجُلَيْنِ يَقْتَتِلاَنِ ( and he found there two men fighting, ) meaning, hitting one another and struggling with one another. هَـذَا مِن شِيعَتِهِ ( one of his party, ) meaning, an Israelite, وَهَـذَا مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ ( and the other of his foes. ) meaning, a Coptic.
This was the view of Ibn `Abbas, Qatadah, As-Suddi and Muhammad bin Ishaq.
The Israelite man asked Musa, peace be upon him, for help, and Musa took advantage of the fact that people were not paying attention, so he went to the Coptic man and فَوَكَزَهُ مُوسَى فَقَضَى عَلَيْهِ ( so Musa struck him with his fist and he died. ) Mujahid said, "This means he punched him with his fist." And then he died. قَالَ ( He said ) refers to Musa. وَدَخَلَ الْمَدِينَةَ عَلَى حِينِ غَفْلَةٍ مِّنْ أَهْلِهَا فَوَجَدَ فِيهَا رَجُلَيْنِ يَقْتَتِلاَنِ هَـذَا مِن شِيعَتِهِ وَهَـذَا مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ فَاسْتَغَـثَهُ الَّذِى مِن شِيعَتِهِ عَلَى الَّذِى مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ فَوَكَزَهُ مُوسَى فَقَضَى عَلَيْهِ قَالَ هَـذَا مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَـنِ إِنَّهُ عَدُوٌّ مُّضِلٌّ مُّبِينٌ - قَالَ رَب إِنِّى ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِى فَاغْفِرْ لِى فَغَفَرَ لَهُ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ قَالَ رَبِّ بِمَآ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَىَّ ( "This is of Shaytan's doing, verily, he is a plain misleading enemy." He said: "My Lord! Verily, I have wronged myself, so forgive me." Then He forgave him.
Verily, He is the Oft-Forgiving, the Most Merciful.
He said: "My Lord! For that with which You have favored me, ) meaning, `what You have given me of prestige, power and blessings -- ' فَلَنْ أَكُونَ ظَهِيراً ( I will nevermore be a helper of the criminals! ) `those who disbelieve in You and go against Your commands.'

( He said: My Lord! Forasmuch as Thou hast favoured me ) with knowledge and the profession of Your divine Oneness and forgiveness, ( I will nevermore be a supporter of the guilty ) do not make me a helper to the idolaters: Pharaoh and his host.

He said: "My Lord! For that with which You have favoured me, I will never more be a helper for the Mujrimun (criminals, disobedient to Allah, polytheists, sinners, etc.)!"

Page 387 English transliteration