Surah Raad ayat 38 Tafsir Quran 13:38

﴿وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلًا مِّن قَبْلِكَ وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ أَزْوَاجًا وَذُرِّيَّةً ۚ وَمَا كَانَ لِرَسُولٍ أَن يَأْتِيَ بِآيَةٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ ۗ لِكُلِّ أَجَلٍ كِتَابٌ﴾
[ الرعد: 38]

13:38 And We have already sent messengers before you and assigned to them wives and descendants. And it was not for a messenger to come with a sign except by permission of Allah. For every term is a decree.

And when they derided him for having many wives the following was revealed And indeed We sent messengers before you and We assigned to them wives and seed children — and you are like them; and it was not for any Messenger from among them that he should bring a sign save by God’s leave because they are servants enthralled by Him. For every term period there is a Book wherein is inscribed its delimitation.

We sent Messengers before you O Muhammad who were human and We entered them into matrimony and We gave them a progeny, and it was not for any of them to work a miracle of his own, their miracles were worked and Authorized by Allah and were imparted to them as He ordained. Every period of time has its divine Book and appropriate constitution

All Prophets and Messengers were Humans Allah says, `Just as We have sent you O Muhammad, a Prophet and a human, We sent the Messengers before you from among mankind, that eat food, walk in the markets, and We gave them wives and offspring.' Allah said to the most honorable and Final Messenger, قُلْ إِنَّمَآ أَنَاْ بَشَرٌ مِّثْلُكُمْ يُوحَى إِلَىَّ ( Say: "I am only a man like you.
It has been revealed to me." ) 18:110 It is recorded in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«أَمَّا أَنَا فَأَصُومُ وَأُفْطِرُ، وَأَقُومُ وَأَنَامُ، وَآكُلُ اللَّحْمَ، وَأَتَزَوَّجُ النِّسَاءَ، فَمَنْ رَغِبَ عَنْ سُنَّتِي فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي»
( As for me, I fast and break the fast, stand in prayer at night and sleep, eat meat and marry women; so whoever turns away from my Sunnah is not of mine. ) No Prophet can bring a Miracle except by Allah's Leave Allah said, وَمَا كَانَ لِرَسُولٍ أَن يَأْتِىَ بِـَايَةٍ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ ( And it was not for a Messenger to bring a sign except by Allah's leave. ) meaning, no Prophet could have brought a miracle to his people except by Allah's permission and will, for this matter is only decided by Allah the Exalted and Most Honored, not the Prophets; surely Allah does what He wills and decides what He wills. لِكُلِّ أَجَلٍ كِتَابٌ ( (For ) every matter there is a decree ( from Allah ).) for every term appointed, there is a record ( or decree ) that keeps it, and everything has a specific due measure with Allah, أَلَمْ تَعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِى السَّمَآءِ وَالاٌّرْضِ إِنَّ ذلِكَ فِى كِتَـبٍ إِنَّ ذلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ ( Know you not that Allah knows all that is in the heaven and on the earth Verily, it is (all ) in the Book.
Verily, that is easy for Allah.)22:70 Meaning of Allah blotting out what He wills and confirming what He wills of the Book Allah said, يَمْحُو اللَّهُ مَا يَشَآءُ ( Allah blots out what He wills ) of the divinely revealed Books, وَيُثَبِّتْ ( and confirms ), until the Qur'an, revealed from Allah to His Messenger peace be upon him, abrogated them all.
Mujahid commented; يَمْحُو اللَّهُ مَا يَشَآءُ وَيُثْبِتُ ( Allah blots out what He wills and confirms (what He wills ).) "Except life and death, misery and happiness i.e., faith and disbelief, for they do not change." Mansur said that he asked Mujahid, "Some of us say in their supplication, `O Allah! If my name is with those who are happy ( believers ), affirm my name among them, and if my name is among the miserable ones ( disbelievers ), remove it from among them and place it among the happy ones." Mujahid said.
"This supplication is good." I met him a year or more later and repeated the same question to him and he recited these Ayat, إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَـهُ فِى لَيْلَةٍ مُّبَـرَكَةٍ ( We sent it (this Qur'an ) down on a blessed night.) Mujahid commented next, "During Laylatul-Qadr ( Night of the Decrees ), Allah decides what provisions and disasters will occur in the next year of.
He then brings forward or back ( or blots out ) whatever He wills.
As for the Book containing the records of the happy ( believers ) and the miserable ( disbelievers ), it does not change." Al-A`mash narrated that Abu Wa'il, Shaqiq bin Salamah said that he used to recite this supplication often, "O Allah, if You wrote us among the wretched ones, remove this status from us and write us among the blessed ones.
If You wrote us among the blessed ones, please let us stay that way, for surely, You blot out and confirm what You will, and with You is the Mother of the Book." Ibn Jarir At-Tabari collected this.
Similar statements were collected from `Umar bin Al-Khattab and `Abdullah bin Mas`ud, indicating that Allah blots out ( or abrogates ) and affirms what He wills in the Book of Records.
What further supports this meaning is that Imam Ahmad recorded that Thawban said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيُحْرَمُ الرِّزْقَ بِالذَّنْبِ يُصِيبُهُ، وَلَا يَرُدُّ الْقَدَرَ إِلَّا الدُّعَاءُ، وَلَا يَزِيدُ فِي الْعُمْرِ إِلَّا الْبِر»
( A man might be deprived of a provision (that was written for him ) because of a sin that he commits; only supplication changes Al-Qadar ( Predestination ); and only Birr ( righteousness ) can increase the life span.") An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah collected this Hadith.
There is also a Hadith recorded in the Sahih that affirms that maintaining the ties of the womb increases the life span.
Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said about Allah's statement, يَمْحُو اللَّهُ مَا يَشَآءُ وَيُثْبِتُ وَعِندَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَـبِ ( Allah blots out what He wills and confirms (what He wills ).
And with Him is the Mother of the Book.) "A man might work in Allah's obedience for a while but he reverts to the disobedience of Him and then dies while misguided.
This is what Allah blots out, while what He confirms is a man who works in His disobedience, but since goodness was destined for him, he dies after reverting to the obedience of Allah.
This is what Allah confirms." It was also reported that Sa`id bin Jubayr said that this Ayah is in the meaning of another Ayah, فَيَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ( Then He forgives whom He wills and punishes whom He wills.
And Allah is able to do all things. ) 2:284

(13:38) We have sent many Messengers before you and We assigned to them also wives and children: *56 and no Messenger had the power to show any Sign without the sanction of Allah. *57 Every age had its Book:

And We have already sent messengers before meaning

*56) This is the answer to another objection.
The disbelievers said that Ire could not be a Prophet of AIIah because he had wives and children, for they argued that Prophets had nothing to do with carnal desires.

*57) This is the answer to yet another objection: " Had he been a taste Prophet, he would have shown a Sign like the shining hand a nd the miraculous staff of Prophet Moses or he would have restored sight to the blind or cured lepers like Prophet Jesus, or brought a Sign like the she-camel of Prophet Salih ".
The answer is this: " None of the former Messengers had any power to show any Sign nor has this Prophet: Allah showed a Sign whenever and through whomsoever He considered it to be necessary and will show any Sign whenever He will consider it necessary, and that I have not claimed to possess any such power that such a demand might be made from me .
"
 

All Prophets and Messengers were Humans Allah says, `Just as We have sent you O Muhammad, a Prophet and a human, We sent the Messengers before you from among mankind, that eat food, walk in the markets, and We gave them wives and offspring.' Allah said to the most honorable and Final Messenger, قُلْ إِنَّمَآ أَنَاْ بَشَرٌ مِّثْلُكُمْ يُوحَى إِلَىَّ ( Say: "I am only a man like you.
It has been revealed to me." ) 18:110 It is recorded in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «أَمَّا أَنَا فَأَصُومُ وَأُفْطِرُ، وَأَقُومُ وَأَنَامُ، وَآكُلُ اللَّحْمَ، وَأَتَزَوَّجُ النِّسَاءَ، فَمَنْ رَغِبَ عَنْ سُنَّتِي فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي» ( As for me, I fast and break the fast, stand in prayer at night and sleep, eat meat and marry women; so whoever turns away from my Sunnah is not of mine. ) No Prophet can bring a Miracle except by Allah's Leave Allah said, وَمَا كَانَ لِرَسُولٍ أَن يَأْتِىَ بِـَايَةٍ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ ( And it was not for a Messenger to bring a sign except by Allah's leave. ) meaning, no Prophet could have brought a miracle to his people except by Allah's permission and will, for this matter is only decided by Allah the Exalted and Most Honored, not the Prophets; surely Allah does what He wills and decides what He wills. لِكُلِّ أَجَلٍ كِتَابٌ ( (For ) every matter there is a decree ( from Allah ).) for every term appointed, there is a record ( or decree ) that keeps it, and everything has a specific due measure with Allah, أَلَمْ تَعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِى السَّمَآءِ وَالاٌّرْضِ إِنَّ ذلِكَ فِى كِتَـبٍ إِنَّ ذلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ ( Know you not that Allah knows all that is in the heaven and on the earth Verily, it is (all ) in the Book.
Verily, that is easy for Allah.)22:70 Meaning of Allah blotting out what He wills and confirming what He wills of the Book Allah said, يَمْحُو اللَّهُ مَا يَشَآءُ ( Allah blots out what He wills ) of the divinely revealed Books, وَيُثَبِّتْ ( and confirms ), until the Qur'an, revealed from Allah to His Messenger peace be upon him, abrogated them all.
Mujahid commented; يَمْحُو اللَّهُ مَا يَشَآءُ وَيُثْبِتُ ( Allah blots out what He wills and confirms (what He wills ).) "Except life and death, misery and happiness i.e., faith and disbelief, for they do not change." Mansur said that he asked Mujahid, "Some of us say in their supplication, `O Allah! If my name is with those who are happy ( believers ), affirm my name among them, and if my name is among the miserable ones ( disbelievers ), remove it from among them and place it among the happy ones." Mujahid said.
"This supplication is good." I met him a year or more later and repeated the same question to him and he recited these Ayat, إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَـهُ فِى لَيْلَةٍ مُّبَـرَكَةٍ ( We sent it (this Qur'an ) down on a blessed night.) Mujahid commented next, "During Laylatul-Qadr ( Night of the Decrees ), Allah decides what provisions and disasters will occur in the next year of.
He then brings forward or back ( or blots out ) whatever He wills.
As for the Book containing the records of the happy ( believers ) and the miserable ( disbelievers ), it does not change." Al-A`mash narrated that Abu Wa'il, Shaqiq bin Salamah said that he used to recite this supplication often, "O Allah, if You wrote us among the wretched ones, remove this status from us and write us among the blessed ones.
If You wrote us among the blessed ones, please let us stay that way, for surely, You blot out and confirm what You will, and with You is the Mother of the Book." Ibn Jarir At-Tabari collected this.
Similar statements were collected from `Umar bin Al-Khattab and `Abdullah bin Mas`ud, indicating that Allah blots out ( or abrogates ) and affirms what He wills in the Book of Records.
What further supports this meaning is that Imam Ahmad recorded that Thawban said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيُحْرَمُ الرِّزْقَ بِالذَّنْبِ يُصِيبُهُ، وَلَا يَرُدُّ الْقَدَرَ إِلَّا الدُّعَاءُ، وَلَا يَزِيدُ فِي الْعُمْرِ إِلَّا الْبِر» ( A man might be deprived of a provision (that was written for him ) because of a sin that he commits; only supplication changes Al-Qadar ( Predestination ); and only Birr ( righteousness ) can increase the life span.") An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah collected this Hadith.
There is also a Hadith recorded in the Sahih that affirms that maintaining the ties of the womb increases the life span.
Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said about Allah's statement, يَمْحُو اللَّهُ مَا يَشَآءُ وَيُثْبِتُ وَعِندَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَـبِ ( Allah blots out what He wills and confirms (what He wills ).
And with Him is the Mother of the Book.) "A man might work in Allah's obedience for a while but he reverts to the disobedience of Him and then dies while misguided.
This is what Allah blots out, while what He confirms is a man who works in His disobedience, but since goodness was destined for him, he dies after reverting to the obedience of Allah.
This is what Allah confirms." It was also reported that Sa`id bin Jubayr said that this Ayah is in the meaning of another Ayah, فَيَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ( Then He forgives whom He wills and punishes whom He wills.
And Allah is able to do all things. ) 2:284

( And verily We sent messengers (to mankind ) before thee) just as We have sent you, ( and We appointed for them wives ) more than you have of wives, such as David and Solomon ( and offspring ) more than your offspring, such was the case with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. This verse was revealed about the Jews because they said: Had Muhammad been a prophet, he would have been too preoccupied to get married, ( and it was not (given ) to any messenger that he should bring a portent) a sign ( save by Allah’s leave ) save by Allah’s command. ( For everything there is a time prescribed ) an appointed time.

And indeed We sent Messengers before you (O Muhammad SAW), and made for them wives and offspring. And it was not for a Messenger to bring a sign except by Allah's Leave. (For) each and every matter there is a Decree (from Allah).

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