Surah Anbiya ayat 48 Tafsir Quran 21:48

﴿وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَىٰ وَهَارُونَ الْفُرْقَانَ وَضِيَاءً وَذِكْرًا لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ﴾
[ الأنبياء: 48]

21:48 And We had already given Moses and Aaron the criterion and a light and a reminder for the righteous

And verily We gave Moses and Aaron the Criterion the Torah that discriminates between truth and falsehood and between what is lawful and unlawful and an illumination by it and remembrance an admonition therein for those who are wary of God

And We gave Mussa and Harun the canon imparting the soundness of judgement in the choice of means and ends and in the choice of what is morally good, honest and straight-forward, serving as an illumination and enlightenment besides being a divine light and a constant reminder of Allah to those who entertain the profound reverence dutiful to Him

The Revelation of the Tawrah and the Qur'an We have already noted that Allah often mentions Musa and Muhammad together -- may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon them both -- and He often mentions their Books together as well.
He says: وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا مُوسَى وَهَـرُونَ الْفُرْقَانَ ( And indeed We granted to Musa and Harun the criterion ) Mujahid said, "This means the Scripture." Abu Salih said: "The Tawrah." Qatadah said: "The Tawrah, what it permits and it forbids, and how Allah differentiated between truth and falsehood." In conclusion, we may say that the heavenly Books included the distinction between truth and falsehood, guidance and misguidance, transgression and the right way, lawful and unlawful, and that which will fill the heart with light, guidance, fear of Allah and repentance.
So Allah says: الْفُرْقَانَ وَضِيَآءً وَذِكْراً لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ ( the criterion, and a shining light and a Reminder for those who have Taqwa. ) meaning, a reminder and exhortation for them.
Then He describes them as: الَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُم بِالْغَيْبِ ( Those who fear their Lord in the unseen. ) This is like the Ayah: مَّنْ خَشِىَ الرَّحْمَـنَ بِالْغَيْبِ وَجَآءَ بِقَلْبٍ مُّنِيبٍ ( Who feared the Most Gracious in the unseen and came with a repenting heart.
) 50:33 إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُم بِالْغَيْبِ لَهُم مَّغْفِرَةٌ وَأَجْرٌ كَبِيرٌ ( Verily, those who fear their Lord unseen, theirs will be forgiveness and a great reward. ) 67:12 t وَهُمْ مِّنَ السَّاعَةِ مُشْفِقُونَ ( and they are afraid of the Hour. ) means, they fear it.
Then Allah says: وَهَـذَا ذِكْرٌ مُّبَارَكٌ أَنزَلْنَـهُ ( And this is a blessed Reminder which We have sent down; ) means, the Magnificent Qur'an, which falsehood cannot approach, from before it or behind it, revealed by the All-Wise, Worthy of all praise. أَفَأَنْتُمْ لَهُ مُنكِرُونَ ( will you then deny it ) means, will you deny it when it is the utmost in clarity and truth

(21:48) Before *49 this We bestowed on Moses and Aaron the Criterionand Light and "Admonition" *50 for the betterment of those righteous *51 people,

And We had already given Moses and meaning

*49) From here begin the stories of the Prophets.
If we consider these stories in the context in which they occur, it becomes plain that these have been related to impress the following themes:
( 1 ) All the former Prophets were human beings: therefore there is nothing strange or unusual that a human being like Muhammad has been sent as a Messenger ( Allah's peace be upon him ).

( 2 ) The Mission and teachings of this Prophet are the same as of those who were sent before him.

( 3 ) All the Prophets had been granted a privileged position by Allah, Who blessed them with special favours.
For instance, though they were made to suffer from hardships and persecutions for years, ultimately Allah heard their prayers and helped them in miraculous ways against their enemies and persecutors.

( 4 ) In spite of Allah's special favours on them they were no more than His humble servants and human beings and had no share whatever in Godhead; so much so that sometimes they committed errors of judgment, fell ill, were put to trials and even committed faults, for which they were called to account by Allah.

*50) All the three words have been used in praise of the Torah: ( 1 ) A Criterion which distinguished the Truth from falsehood.
( 2 ) A Light which showed the Right Way of life, and ( 3 ) An Admonition, which reminded the erring descendants of Adam to remember the lesson they had forgotten.

*51) Though it was sent for the good of all human beings, only the pious people, having these characteristics, could benefit from it.

 

The Revelation of the Tawrah and the Qur'an We have already noted that Allah often mentions Musa and Muhammad together -- may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon them both -- and He often mentions their Books together as well.
He says: وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا مُوسَى وَهَـرُونَ الْفُرْقَانَ ( And indeed We granted to Musa and Harun the criterion ) Mujahid said, "This means the Scripture." Abu Salih said: "The Tawrah." Qatadah said: "The Tawrah, what it permits and it forbids, and how Allah differentiated between truth and falsehood." In conclusion, we may say that the heavenly Books included the distinction between truth and falsehood, guidance and misguidance, transgression and the right way, lawful and unlawful, and that which will fill the heart with light, guidance, fear of Allah and repentance.
So Allah says: الْفُرْقَانَ وَضِيَآءً وَذِكْراً لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ ( the criterion, and a shining light and a Reminder for those who have Taqwa. ) meaning, a reminder and exhortation for them.
Then He describes them as: الَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُم بِالْغَيْبِ ( Those who fear their Lord in the unseen. ) This is like the Ayah: مَّنْ خَشِىَ الرَّحْمَـنَ بِالْغَيْبِ وَجَآءَ بِقَلْبٍ مُّنِيبٍ ( Who feared the Most Gracious in the unseen and came with a repenting heart.
) 50:33 إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُم بِالْغَيْبِ لَهُم مَّغْفِرَةٌ وَأَجْرٌ كَبِيرٌ ( Verily, those who fear their Lord unseen, theirs will be forgiveness and a great reward. ) 67:12 t وَهُمْ مِّنَ السَّاعَةِ مُشْفِقُونَ ( and they are afraid of the Hour. ) means, they fear it.
Then Allah says: وَهَـذَا ذِكْرٌ مُّبَارَكٌ أَنزَلْنَـهُ ( And this is a blessed Reminder which We have sent down; ) means, the Magnificent Qur'an, which falsehood cannot approach, from before it or behind it, revealed by the All-Wise, Worthy of all praise. أَفَأَنْتُمْ لَهُ مُنكِرُونَ ( will you then deny it ) means, will you deny it when it is the utmost in clarity and truth

( And We verily gave Moses and Aaron the Criterion ) the deliverer from dubious matters; it is also said that the Criterion means: victory and the upper hand over Pharaoh ( and a light ) which shows error ( and a Reader ) and an admonition ( for those who keep from evil ) for those who ward off idolatry, disbelief and indecencies.

And indeed We granted to Musa (Moses) and Harun (Aaron) the criterion (of right and wrong), and a shining light [i.e. the Taurat (Torah)] and a Reminder for Al-Muttaqun (the pious - see V. 2:2).

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