Surah Tin ayat 5 Tafsir Quran 95:5

﴿ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَاهُ أَسْفَلَ سَافِلِينَ﴾
[ التين: 5]

95:5 Then We return him to the lowest of the low,

Then in the case of certain individuals of his species We reduced him to the lowest of the low — a metaphor for old age and weakness at which point a believer’s deeds are fewer than when he was young; but he will still have his reward as God exalted be He says

Then We abased the proud to an inhabitant of the realm of Hell in requital of his ill-deeds

Which was revealed in Makkah The Recitation of Surat At-Tin in the Prayer while traveling Malik and Shu`bah narrated from `Adi bin Thabit, who narrated that Al-Bara' bin `Azib said, "The Prophet used to recite in one of his Rak`ahs while traveling `At-Tin waz-Zaytun' ( Surat At-Tin ), and I have never heard anyone with a nicer voice or recitation than him." The Group has recorded this Hadith in their books. بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The Explanation of At-Tin and what comes after it Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas that what is meant by At-Tin is the Masjid of Nuh that was built upon Mount Al-Judi.
Mujahid said, "It is this fig that you have." وَالزَّيْتُونِ ( By Az-Zaytun. ) Ka`b Al-Ahbar, Qatadah, Ibn Zayd and others have said, "It is the Masjid of Jerusalem ( Bayt Al-Maqdis )." Mujahid and `Ikrimah said, "It is this olive which you press ( to extract the oil )." وَطُورِ سِينِينَ ( By Tur Sinin. ) Ka`b Al-Ahbar and several others have said, "It is the mountain upon which Allah spoke to Musa." وَهَـذَا الْبَلَدِ الاٌّمِينِ ( By this city of security. ) meaning Makkah.
This was said by Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Al-Hasan, Ibrahim An-Nakha`i, Ibn Zayd and Ka`b Al-Ahbar.
There is no difference of opinion about this.
Some of the Imams have said that these are three different places, and that Allah sent a Messenger to each of them from the Leading Messengers, who delivered the Great Codes of Law.
The first place is that of the fig and the olive, which was Jerusalem, where Allah sent `Isa bin Maryam.
The second place is Mount Sinin, which is Mount Sinai where Allah spoke to Musa bin `Imran.
The third place is Makkah, and it is the city of security where whoever enters is safe.
It is also the city in which Muhammad was sent.
They have said that these three places are mentioned at the end of the Tawrah.
The verse says, "Allah has come from Mount Sinai - meaning the one upon which Allah spoke to Musa bin `Imran; and shined from Sa`ir - meaning the mountain of Jerusalem from which Allah sent `Isa; and appeared from the mountains of Faran - meaning the mountains of Makkah from which Allah sent `Isa; and appeared from the mountains of Faran - meaning the mountains of Makkah from which Allah sent Muhammad ." Thus, He mentioned them in order to inform about them based upon their order of existence in time.
This is why He swore by a noble place, then by a nobler place, and then by a place that is the nobler than both of them. Man becoming Lowly even though He was created in the Best Form and the Result of that Allah says, لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الإِنسَـنَ فِى أَحْسَنِ تَقْوِيمٍ ( Verily, We created man in the best form. ) This is the subject being sworn about, and it is that Allah created man in the best image and form, standing upright with straight limbs that He beautified. ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَـهُ أَسْفَلَ سَـفِلِينَ ( Then We reduced him to the lowest of the low. ) meaning, to the Hellfire.
This was said by Mujahid, Abu Al-`Aliyah, Al-Hasan, Ibn Zayd and others.
Then after this attractiveness and beauty, their destination will be to the Hell-fire if they disobey Allah and belie the Messengers.
This is why Allah says, إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ ( Save those who believe and do righteous deeds. ) Some have said, ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَـهُ أَسْفَلَ سَـفِلِينَ ( Then We reduced him to the lowest of the low. ) "This means decrepit old age." This has been reported from Ibn `Abbas and `Ikrimah.
`Ikrimah even said, "Whoever gathers the Qur'an ( i.e., he memorizes it all ), then he will not be returned to decrepit old age." Ibn Jarir preferred this explanation.
Even if this was the meaning, it would not be correct to exclude the believers from this, because some of them are also overcome by the senility of old age.
Thus, the meaning here is what we have already mentioned ( i.e., the first view ), which is similar to Allah's saying, وَالْعَصْرِ - إِنَّ الإِنسَـنَ لَفِى خُسْرٍ إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ ( By Al-`Asr.
Verily man is in loss, except those who believe and perform righteous deeds. ) ( 103:1-3 ) Concerning Allah's statement, فَلَهُمْ أَجْرٌ غَيْرُ مَمْنُونٍ ( Then they shall have a reward without end. ) meaning, that will not end, as we have mentioned previously.
Then Allah says, فَمَا يُكَذِّبُكَ ( Then what causes you to deny ) meaning, `O Son of Adam!' بَعْدُ بِالدِّينِ ( after this the Recompense ) meaning, `in the recompense that will take place in the Hereafter.
For indeed you know the beginning, and you know that He Who is able to begin ( the creation ) is also able to repeat it which is easier.
So what is it that makes you deny the final return in the Hereafter after you have known this' Then Allah says, أَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ بِأَحْكَمِ الْحَـكِمِينَ ( Is not the Allah the best of judges ) meaning, `is He not the best of judges, Who does not oppress or do any injustice to anyone' And from His justice is that He will establish the Judgement, and He will give retribution to the person who was wronged in this life against whoever wronged him.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat wat-Tin waz-Zaytun and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

(95:5) then We reverted him to the lowest of the low, *4

Then We return him to the lowest meaning

*4) The commentators in general have given two meanings of this:
( 1 ) That We reversed him to the miserable state of old age in which he was no longer able to think and understand and work; and
( 2 ) that We reversed him to the lowest stage of Hell.
But these two meanings cannot be an argument for the object for the confirmation of which this Surah was revealed.
The Surah is meant to reason out the truth of the judgement in the Hereafter.
On this, neither has this tact any bearing that some human beings are caused to reach the most miserable state of old age, nor that a section of human beings will be cast into Hell.
The first thing cannot be an argument for the judgement because old age comes upon both the good and the bad people, and a person's reaching this age is no punishment which he might suffer in consequence of his deeds.
As for the second thing, it will occur in the Hereafter.
It cannot be presented as an argument before the people who are being convinced of the meting out of rewards and punishments in the Hereafter itself.
Therefore in our opinion the correct meaning of the verse is: After having been created in the finest of moulds when man uses the powers of his body and mind in evil ways Allah grants him the power to do only evil and causes him to reach the lowest ebb of degradation.
This is a truth which one commonly observes in human society.
People become so overwhelmed by greed, selfishness, lustfulness, addiction to intoxicants, meanness, rage and fury and such other traits that morally .
they are actually reduced to the lowest of the low.
Consider only one example: When a nation is blinded by its hostility to another country it surpasses all savage beasts in barbarity.
A wild beast preys upon its victim only for the sake of food, it does not resort to a general massacre; but man resorts to massacre of his own kind.
The beast only uses its claws and teeth but man who has been created in the best of moulds invents the gun, rifle, tank, aircraft, atom and hydrogen bombs and countless other weapons by his intellect so that he can instantly destroy whole populations.
The beast only kills or inflicts a wound but man invents such painful methods of torturing men like himself as cannot even be -imagined by a' beast.
Then to wreak his vengeance and fury on his enemies he forces the women to march out in naked processions: they are subjected to rape by tens and twenties of men; they are dishonoured before the eyes of their fathers, brothers and husbands; children are massacred in front of their parents; mothers are forced to drink their children's blood; human beings are burnt and buried alive.
There is no wild species of animals in the world which may equal this human barbarity in any degree.
The same is also the case with other evil traits: man proves himself to he the lowest of the low in whichever evil he indulges.
So much so that he degrades even religion which is the most sacred thing for man: he worships the trees, animals and mountains, even the sex organs of man and woman; he keeps religious prostitutes in the places of worship to win the goodwill of the gods and commits adultery with them as an act of virtue.
In his mythology he attributes such filthy tales to his gods and goddesses which would make the most wretched beast to hang his head in shame.

 

Which was revealed in Makkah The Recitation of Surat At-Tin in the Prayer while traveling Malik and Shu`bah narrated from `Adi bin Thabit, who narrated that Al-Bara' bin `Azib said, "The Prophet used to recite in one of his Rak`ahs while traveling `At-Tin waz-Zaytun' ( Surat At-Tin ), and I have never heard anyone with a nicer voice or recitation than him." The Group has recorded this Hadith in their books. بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The Explanation of At-Tin and what comes after it Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas that what is meant by At-Tin is the Masjid of Nuh that was built upon Mount Al-Judi.
Mujahid said, "It is this fig that you have." وَالزَّيْتُونِ ( By Az-Zaytun. ) Ka`b Al-Ahbar, Qatadah, Ibn Zayd and others have said, "It is the Masjid of Jerusalem ( Bayt Al-Maqdis )." Mujahid and `Ikrimah said, "It is this olive which you press ( to extract the oil )." وَطُورِ سِينِينَ ( By Tur Sinin. ) Ka`b Al-Ahbar and several others have said, "It is the mountain upon which Allah spoke to Musa." وَهَـذَا الْبَلَدِ الاٌّمِينِ ( By this city of security. ) meaning Makkah.
This was said by Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Al-Hasan, Ibrahim An-Nakha`i, Ibn Zayd and Ka`b Al-Ahbar.
There is no difference of opinion about this.
Some of the Imams have said that these are three different places, and that Allah sent a Messenger to each of them from the Leading Messengers, who delivered the Great Codes of Law.
The first place is that of the fig and the olive, which was Jerusalem, where Allah sent `Isa bin Maryam.
The second place is Mount Sinin, which is Mount Sinai where Allah spoke to Musa bin `Imran.
The third place is Makkah, and it is the city of security where whoever enters is safe.
It is also the city in which Muhammad was sent.
They have said that these three places are mentioned at the end of the Tawrah.
The verse says, "Allah has come from Mount Sinai - meaning the one upon which Allah spoke to Musa bin `Imran; and shined from Sa`ir - meaning the mountain of Jerusalem from which Allah sent `Isa; and appeared from the mountains of Faran - meaning the mountains of Makkah from which Allah sent `Isa; and appeared from the mountains of Faran - meaning the mountains of Makkah from which Allah sent Muhammad ." Thus, He mentioned them in order to inform about them based upon their order of existence in time.
This is why He swore by a noble place, then by a nobler place, and then by a place that is the nobler than both of them. Man becoming Lowly even though He was created in the Best Form and the Result of that Allah says, لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الإِنسَـنَ فِى أَحْسَنِ تَقْوِيمٍ ( Verily, We created man in the best form. ) This is the subject being sworn about, and it is that Allah created man in the best image and form, standing upright with straight limbs that He beautified. ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَـهُ أَسْفَلَ سَـفِلِينَ ( Then We reduced him to the lowest of the low. ) meaning, to the Hellfire.
This was said by Mujahid, Abu Al-`Aliyah, Al-Hasan, Ibn Zayd and others.
Then after this attractiveness and beauty, their destination will be to the Hell-fire if they disobey Allah and belie the Messengers.
This is why Allah says, إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ ( Save those who believe and do righteous deeds. ) Some have said, ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَـهُ أَسْفَلَ سَـفِلِينَ ( Then We reduced him to the lowest of the low. ) "This means decrepit old age." This has been reported from Ibn `Abbas and `Ikrimah.
`Ikrimah even said, "Whoever gathers the Qur'an ( i.e., he memorizes it all ), then he will not be returned to decrepit old age." Ibn Jarir preferred this explanation.
Even if this was the meaning, it would not be correct to exclude the believers from this, because some of them are also overcome by the senility of old age.
Thus, the meaning here is what we have already mentioned ( i.e., the first view ), which is similar to Allah's saying, وَالْعَصْرِ - إِنَّ الإِنسَـنَ لَفِى خُسْرٍ إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ ( By Al-`Asr.
Verily man is in loss, except those who believe and perform righteous deeds. ) ( 103:1-3 ) Concerning Allah's statement, فَلَهُمْ أَجْرٌ غَيْرُ مَمْنُونٍ ( Then they shall have a reward without end. ) meaning, that will not end, as we have mentioned previously.
Then Allah says, فَمَا يُكَذِّبُكَ ( Then what causes you to deny ) meaning, `O Son of Adam!' بَعْدُ بِالدِّينِ ( after this the Recompense ) meaning, `in the recompense that will take place in the Hereafter.
For indeed you know the beginning, and you know that He Who is able to begin ( the creation ) is also able to repeat it which is easier.
So what is it that makes you deny the final return in the Hereafter after you have known this' Then Allah says, أَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ بِأَحْكَمِ الْحَـكِمِينَ ( Is not the Allah the best of judges ) meaning, `is He not the best of judges, Who does not oppress or do any injustice to anyone' And from His justice is that He will establish the Judgement, and He will give retribution to the person who was wronged in this life against whoever wronged him.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat wat-Tin waz-Zaytun and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

( Then We reduced him ) in the Hereafter ( to the lowest of the low ) i.e. the Fire; it is also said that the above means: We have created the children of Adam in the best of forms when they are in the pick of their youth, then We reduce them to abject old age whereby no good deed is recorded in their favour except that which they used to do in their youth and prime,

Then We reduced him to the lowest of the low,

Page 597 English transliteration