Surah Naml ayat 60 Tafsir Quran 27:60

﴿أَمَّنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَأَنزَلَ لَكُم مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَأَنبَتْنَا بِهِ حَدَائِقَ ذَاتَ بَهْجَةٍ مَّا كَانَ لَكُمْ أَن تُنبِتُوا شَجَرَهَا ۗ أَإِلَٰهٌ مَّعَ اللَّهِ ۚ بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ يَعْدِلُونَ﴾
[ النمل: 60]

27:60 [More precisely], is He [not best] who created the heavens and the earth and sent down for you rain from the sky, causing to grow thereby gardens of joyful beauty which you could not [otherwise] have grown the trees thereof? Is there a deity with Allah? [No], but they are a people who ascribe equals [to Him].

Or He Who created the heavens and the earth and sends down for you water from the heaven whereby We cause to grow there is a shift here from third person to that of the first person plural splendid gardens hadā’iq is the plural of hadīqa which is an enclosed garden whose trees you could never cause to grow? because of you do not have the ability for it. Is there a god a-ilāhun here and in the seven instances in which it occurs read by pronouncing both hamzas or by not pronouncing the second inserting an alif between the two in both cases with God? who has helped Him in all of this? In other words there is no god with Him. Nay but they are a people who ascribe equals to Him who associate with God others.

Ask them: Who was He Who created the heavens and the earth and caused rain water to fall from the floor of the vault of heaven to serve as the means of causing beautiful orchards to grow, an action proper to Allah alone! If you people had tried hard to cause the trees* thereof to grow you would have utterly failed. Is this not an action distinctly and exclusively peculiar to Allah! Or is it to a god incorporated with Him! Yet they are a people who ignorantly and impudently place the objects they worship -false gods- on an equality with Allah

The Command to praise Allah and send Blessings on His Messengers Allah commands His Messenger to say: الْحَمْدُ للَّهِ ( Praise and thanks be to Allah, ) meaning, for His innumerable blessings upon His servants and for His exalted Attributes and most beautiful Names.
And He commands him to send peace upon the servants of Allah whom He chose and selected, i.e., His noble Messengers and Prophets, may the best of peace and blessings from Allah be upon them.
This was the view of `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam and others; the meaning of the servants He has chose is the Prophets.
He said, "This like He said in the Ayah; سُبْحَـنَ رَبِّكَ رَبِّ الْعِزَّةِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ وَسَلَـمٌ عَلَى الْمُرْسَلِينَ - وَالْحَمْدُ للَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَـلَمِينَ ( Glorified be your Lord, the Lord of honor and power! (He is free ) from what they attribute unto Him! And peace be on the Messengers! And all the praises and thanks be to Allah, Lord of all that exists.) ( 37:180-182 )." Ath-Thawri and As-Suddi said, "This refers to the Companions of Muhammad ﷺ, may Allah be pleased with them all." Something similar was also narrated from Ibn `Abbas, and there is no contradiction between the two views, because they were also among the servants of Allah whom He had chosen, although the description is more befitting of the Prophets. ءَآللَّهُ خَيْرٌ أَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ ( Is Allah better, or what they ascribe as partners (to Him )) This is a question aimed at denouncing the idolators for their worship of other gods besides Allah.
Some more Proofs of Tawhid Then Allah begins to explain that He is the Only One Who creates, provides and controls, as He says: أَمَّنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَـوَتِ ( Is not He Who created the heavens ) meaning, He created those heavens which are so high and serene, with their shining stars and revolving planets.
And He created the earth, with its varying heights and densities, and He created everything in it, mountains, hills, plains, rugged terrain, wildernesses, crops, trees, fruits, seas and animals of all different kinds and colors and shapes, etc. وَأَنزَلَ لَكُمْ مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً ( and sends down for you water from the sky, ) means, He sends it as a provision for His servants, فَأَنبَتْنَا بِهِ حَدَآئِقَ ذَاتَ بَهْجَةٍ ( whereby We cause to grow wonderful gardens full of beauty and delight ) means, beautiful and delightful to behold. مَّا كَانَ لَكُمْ أَن تُنبِتُواْ شَجَرَهَا ( It is not in your ability to cause the growth of their trees. ) meaning, `you are not able to cause their trees to grow.
The One Who is able to do that is the Creator and Provider, Who is doing all this Alone and Independent of any idol and other rival.' The idolators themselves admitted this, as Allah says in another Ayah: وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُم مَّنْ خَلَقَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ ( And if you ask them: "Who has created them" they will certainly say: "Allah." ) ( 31:25 ) وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَّن نَّزَّلَ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الاٌّرْضَ مِن بَعْدِ مَوْتِهَا لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ ( And if you were to ask them: "Who sends down water from the sky, and gives life therewith to the earth after its death" they will surely reply: "Allah." ) ( 29:63 ) Meaning they will admit that He is the One Who does all these things, Alone, with no partner or associate, but then they worship others alongside Him, others who they admit cannot create or provide anything.
But the Only One Who deserves to be worshipped is the Only One Who can create and provide, Allah says: أَإِلَـهٌ مَّعَ اللَّهِ ( Is there any god with Allah ) meaning, `is there any god that can be worshipped alongside Allah, when it is clear to you and anyone who with reason that He is the Creator and Provider, as you yourselves admit' Then Allah says: بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ يَعْدِلُونَ ( Nay, but they are a people who ascribe equals (to Him )!) meaning, they describe others as being equal and comparable to Allah.

(27:60) Well, Who is He Who created the heavens and the earth and sent down rainwater for you from the sky, then caused to spring up by it beautiful gardens, whose trees you had no power to cause to grow? Is there besides Allah another god (who is His associate in these works)? *73 (Nay,) but these people themselves have strayed from the right path.

[More precisely], is He [not best] who meaning

*73) No one from among the mushriks could answer that someone other than AIlah had done these works, or someone else was Allah's associate in doing these.
The Qur'an at other places says with respect to the pagans of Makkah and the Arab mushrikin: " If you ask them, 'Who has created the heavens and the earth?' they will surely say: 'The All-Mighty, the All-Knowing One has created them'. " ( Az-Zukhruf: 9 ) " And if you ask them, Who has created them? they will surely say, 'AIIah'. " ( Az-Zukhruf: 87 ), " If you ask them, 'Who sent down rain water from the sky and thereby raised the dead earth back to life ?' They will surely say, 'Allah'. " ( Al-`Ankabut: 63 ).
" Ask them: Who provides for you from the heavens and the earth? Who has power over these faculties of hearing and sight? Who brings forth the living from the dead and the dead from the living? Who controls and directs the system of the universe?' They will surely say, 'AIIah'. " ( Yunus: 31 ).
Not only the polytheists of Arabia but of the whole world generally acknowledged, and acknowledge even today, that Allah is the Creator of the universe and He alone controls and directs its system.
Therefore, none of them could answer this question even obstinately for the sake of the argument that their deities were Allah's associates in those works, for if he had done so, thousands of his own people would have belied him saying that, that was not their belief.
This and the other questions that follow not only contain a refutation of the creed of shirk ( polytheism ) but of atheism as well.
For example, in this first very question, it has been asked, " Who has sent down rainwater and caused to spring up by it beautiful gardens? " Just consider whether the presence of the substances essential for the growth of countless kinds of plant life, in the soil or near the soil, and the existence in water of those very qualities which are in accordance with the requirements of animal and vegetable life, and the evaporation of this water again and again from the seas, and its condensation and raining regularly in different parts of the earth from time to time, and the coordination between the soil and the air, the water, the temperature;.etc., conducive to proper growth of plant life and fulfilment of the countless requirements of every sort of animal life, could be just accidental, or the result of the wise scheming and planning the supreme power and will of an AlI-Wise Designer.
And is it possible that this accident should continue to recur constantly for millions and millions of years on end? Only an obstinate person who has been blinded by prejudice will regard it as accidental, for no truthloving, sensible person can make such a senseless claim or accept it.

 

The Command to praise Allah and send Blessings on His Messengers Allah commands His Messenger to say: الْحَمْدُ للَّهِ ( Praise and thanks be to Allah, ) meaning, for His innumerable blessings upon His servants and for His exalted Attributes and most beautiful Names.
And He commands him to send peace upon the servants of Allah whom He chose and selected, i.e., His noble Messengers and Prophets, may the best of peace and blessings from Allah be upon them.
This was the view of `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam and others; the meaning of the servants He has chose is the Prophets.
He said, "This like He said in the Ayah; سُبْحَـنَ رَبِّكَ رَبِّ الْعِزَّةِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ وَسَلَـمٌ عَلَى الْمُرْسَلِينَ - وَالْحَمْدُ للَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَـلَمِينَ ( Glorified be your Lord, the Lord of honor and power! (He is free ) from what they attribute unto Him! And peace be on the Messengers! And all the praises and thanks be to Allah, Lord of all that exists.) ( 37:180-182 )." Ath-Thawri and As-Suddi said, "This refers to the Companions of Muhammad ﷺ, may Allah be pleased with them all." Something similar was also narrated from Ibn `Abbas, and there is no contradiction between the two views, because they were also among the servants of Allah whom He had chosen, although the description is more befitting of the Prophets. ءَآللَّهُ خَيْرٌ أَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ ( Is Allah better, or what they ascribe as partners (to Him )) This is a question aimed at denouncing the idolators for their worship of other gods besides Allah.
Some more Proofs of Tawhid Then Allah begins to explain that He is the Only One Who creates, provides and controls, as He says: أَمَّنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَـوَتِ ( Is not He Who created the heavens ) meaning, He created those heavens which are so high and serene, with their shining stars and revolving planets.
And He created the earth, with its varying heights and densities, and He created everything in it, mountains, hills, plains, rugged terrain, wildernesses, crops, trees, fruits, seas and animals of all different kinds and colors and shapes, etc. وَأَنزَلَ لَكُمْ مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً ( and sends down for you water from the sky, ) means, He sends it as a provision for His servants, فَأَنبَتْنَا بِهِ حَدَآئِقَ ذَاتَ بَهْجَةٍ ( whereby We cause to grow wonderful gardens full of beauty and delight ) means, beautiful and delightful to behold. مَّا كَانَ لَكُمْ أَن تُنبِتُواْ شَجَرَهَا ( It is not in your ability to cause the growth of their trees. ) meaning, `you are not able to cause their trees to grow.
The One Who is able to do that is the Creator and Provider, Who is doing all this Alone and Independent of any idol and other rival.' The idolators themselves admitted this, as Allah says in another Ayah: وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُم مَّنْ خَلَقَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ ( And if you ask them: "Who has created them" they will certainly say: "Allah." ) ( 31:25 ) وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَّن نَّزَّلَ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الاٌّرْضَ مِن بَعْدِ مَوْتِهَا لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ ( And if you were to ask them: "Who sends down water from the sky, and gives life therewith to the earth after its death" they will surely reply: "Allah." ) ( 29:63 ) Meaning they will admit that He is the One Who does all these things, Alone, with no partner or associate, but then they worship others alongside Him, others who they admit cannot create or provide anything.
But the Only One Who deserves to be worshipped is the Only One Who can create and provide, Allah says: أَإِلَـهٌ مَّعَ اللَّهِ ( Is there any god with Allah ) meaning, `is there any god that can be worshipped alongside Allah, when it is clear to you and anyone who with reason that He is the Creator and Provider, as you yourselves admit' Then Allah says: بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ يَعْدِلُونَ ( Nay, but they are a people who ascribe equals (to Him )!) meaning, they describe others as being equal and comparable to Allah.

( Is not He (best ) who created the heavens and the earth, and sendeth down for you water) rain ( from the sky wherewith ) by means of the rain ( We cause to spring forth joyous ) seemly ( orchards ) that which surrounds them of palm-trees and trees, ( whose trees it never hath been yours to cause to grow ) you never had the power to grow its trees. ( Is there any God beside Allah ) who has done this? ( Nay, but they are folk who ascribe equals (unto Him )) they make the idols as equals to Him!

Is not He (better than your gods) Who created the heavens and the earth, and sends down for you water (rain) from the sky, whereby We cause to grow wonderful gardens full of beauty and delight? It is not in your ability to cause the growth of their trees. Is there any ilah (god) with Allah? Nay, but they are a people who ascribe equals (to Him)!

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