Surah shura ayat 7 Tafsir Quran 42:7

﴿وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ قُرْآنًا عَرَبِيًّا لِّتُنذِرَ أُمَّ الْقُرَىٰ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهَا وَتُنذِرَ يَوْمَ الْجَمْعِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ ۚ فَرِيقٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَفَرِيقٌ فِي السَّعِيرِ﴾
[ الشورى: 7]

42:7 And thus We have revealed to you an Arabic Qur'an that you may warn the Mother of Cities [Makkah] and those around it and warn of the Day of Assembly, about which there is no doubt. A party will be in Paradise and a party in the Blaze.

And thus — in the same manner of revelation — have We revealed to you an Arabic Qur’ān that you may warn that you may threaten the mother-town and those around it namely the inhabitants of Mecca and all other people and that you may warn all people of the Day of Gathering the Day of Resurrection whereat all creatures will be gathered of which there is no doubt. A part of them will be in Paradise and a part will be in the Blaze the Fire.

Thus did We inspire to you O Muhammad a Quran in the Arabic literary form to warn the people of the Mother City -Macca- and the people of all cities around. To caution them against the horror and grisly dread which shall dwell without end on the undoubted and inevitable Day of the Throng when some shall be in the beautiful and blissful region of heavens realm and others in the blazes

The Qur'an was revealed to serve as a Warning Allah says, `just as We sent revelation to the Prophets before you,' أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ قُرْءَاناً عَرَبِيّاً ( thus We have revealed to you a Qur'an in Arabic ) meaning, plain, clear, and manifest لِّتُنذِرَ أُمَّ الْقُرَى ( that you may warn the Mother of the Towns ), i.e., Makkah, وَمَنْ حَوْلَهَا ( and all around it, ) means, all the lands, east and west.
Makkah is called Umm Al-Qura ( the Mother of the Towns ) because it is nobler than all other lands, as indicated by much evidence that has been discussed elsewhere.
Among the most concise and clear proofs of that is the report recorded by Imam Ahmad from `Abdullah bin `Adi bin Al-Hamra' Az-Zuhri, who heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, as he was standing in the market place of Makkah;
«وَاللهِ إِنَّكِ لَخَيْرُ أَرْضِ اللهِ وَأَحَبُّ أَرْضِ اللهِ إِلَى اللهِ، وَلَوْلَا أَنِّي أُخْرِجْتُ مِنْكِ مَا خَرَجْت»
( By Allah, you are the best land of Allah, the most beloved land to Allah; were it not for the fact that I was driven out from you, I would never have left you. ) This was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah; At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Sahih.
" وَتُنذِرَ يَوْمَ الْجَمْعِ ( and warn (them ) of the Day of Assembling) i.e., the Day of Resurrection, when Allah will assemble the first and the last in one plain. لاَ رَيْبَ فِيهِ ( of which there is no doubt, ) means, there is no doubt that it will happen and will most certainly come to pass. فَرِيقٌ فِى الْجَنَّةِ وَفَرِيقٌ فِى السَّعِيرِ ( a party will be in Paradise and a party in the blazing Fire. ) This is like the Ayah: يَوْمَ يَجْمَعُكُمْ لِيَوْمِ الْجَمْعِ ذَلِكَ يَوْمُ التَّغَابُنِ ( (And remember ) the Day when He will gather you ( all ) on the Day of Gathering, --- that will be the Day of mutual loss and gain) ( 64:9 ).
which means that the people of Paradise and the people of Hell will gain and lose, respectively.
And it is like the Ayah: إِنَّ فِى ذلِكَ لآيَةً لِّمَنْ خَافَ عَذَابَ الاٌّخِرَةِ ذلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَّجْمُوعٌ لَّهُ النَّاسُ وَذَلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَّشْهُودٌ - وَمَا نُؤَخِّرُهُ إِلاَّ لاًّجَلٍ مَّعْدُودٍ - يَوْمَ يَأْتِ لاَ تَكَلَّمُ نَفْسٌ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ فَمِنْهُمْ شَقِىٌّ وَسَعِيدٌ ( Indeed in that (there ) is a sure lesson for those who fear the torment of the Hereafter.
That is a Day whereon will be gathered together, and that is a Day when all ( the dwellers of the heavens and the earth ) will be present.
And We delay it only for a term fixed.
On the Day when it comes, no person shall speak except by His leave.
Some among them will be wretched and ( others ) blessed.) ( 11:103-105 ) Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ  came out to us, holding two books in his hand.
He said,
«أَتَدْرُونَ مَا هذَانِ الْكِتَابَانِ؟»
( Do you know what these two books are ) We said, "We do not know unless you tell us, O Messenger of Allah." Concerning the book in his right hand, He said:
«هَذَا كِتَابٌ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ بِأَسْمَاءِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَأَسْمَاءِ آبَائِهِمْ وَقَبَائِلِهِمْ، ثُمَّ أُجْمِلَ عَلى آخِرِهِمْ، لَا يُزَادُ فِيهِمْ وَلَا يُنْقَصُ مِنْهُمْ أبدًا»
( This is a book from the Lord of the worlds, containing the names of the people of Paradise and of their fathers and tribes; all of them are detailed, down to the last one of them, and nothing will be added or taken away from it. ) Then concerning the book in his left hand, he said:
«هَذَا كِتَابُ أَهْلِ النَّارِ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ وَأَسْمَاءِ آبَائِهِمْ وَقَبَائِلِهِمْ، ثُمَّ أُجْمِلَ عَلى آخِرِهِمْ، لَا يُزَادُ فِيهِمْ وَلَا يُنْقَصُ مِنْهُمْ أَبَدًا»
( This is the book of the people of Hell, containing their names and the names of their fathers and tribes, all of them are detailed down to the last one of them, and nothing will be added or taken away from it. ) The Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ  said, "Why should we strive if it is something that is already cut and dried" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ  said:
«سَدِّدُوا وَقَارِبُوا فَإِنَّ صَاحِبَ الْجَنَّةِ يُخْتَمُ لَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ، وَإِنْ عَمِلَ أَيَّ عَمَلٍ،وَإِنَّ صَاحِبَ النَّارِ يُخْتَمُ لَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ، وَإِنْ عَمِلَ أَيَّ عَمَل»
( Strive with your deeds as hard as you can for middle course or close to it, for the person who is destined for Paradise will die doing the deeds of the people of Paradise, regardless of what he did before, and the person who is destined for Hell will die doing the deeds of the people of Hell, regardless of what he did before. ) Then he made a gesture with his fist and said,
«فَرَغَ رَبُّكُمْ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنَ الْعِبَاد»
( Your Lord has settled the matter of His servants ) and he opened his right hand as if throwing something;
«فَرِيقٌ فِي الْجَنَّة»
( A party in Paradise. ) and he made a similar gesture with his left hand;
«فَرِيقٌ فِي السَّعِير»
( And a party in the blazing Fire. )" This was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi, and An-Nasa'i; At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Sahih Gharib." Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Nadrah said, "One of the Companions of the Prophet , whose name was Abu Abdullah, was visited by some of his friends, and they found him weeping.
They asked him, `What has caused you to weep Didn't the Messenger of Allah ﷺ  say to you,
«خُذْ مِنْ شَارِبِكَ ثُمَّ أَقِرَّهُ حَتَّى تَلْقَانِي»
( Trim your moustache and adhere to that practice until you meet me )' He said, `Yes, but I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say;
«إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَبَضَ بِيَمِينِهِ قَبْضَةً وَأُخْرَى بِالْيَدِ الْأُخْرَى، قَالَ: هذِهِ لِهذِهِ، وَهذِهِ لِهذِهِ، وَلَا أُبَالِي»
( Allah picked up a handful in His Right Hand and another in His other Hand, and said, "This is for this and this is for this, and I do not care." ) `And I do not know in which of the two handfuls I am."' There are several Hadiths about Al-Qadr ( the Divine Decree ) in the books of Sahih, Sunan and Musnad.
Including those narrated by `Ali, Ibn Mas`ud, `A'ishah and a large number of Companions, may Allah be pleased with them all. وَلَوْ شَآءَ اللَّهُ لَجَعَلَهُمْ أُمَّةً وَحِدَةً ( And if Allah had willed, He could have made them one nation, ) means, either all following guidance or all following misguidance, but He made them all different, and He guides whomsoever He wills to the truth and He sends astray whomsoever He wills, and He has complete wisdom and perfect proof.
Allah says: وَلَـكِن يُدْخِلُ مَن يَشَآءُ فِى رَحْمَتِهِ وَالظَّـلِمُونَ مَا لَهُمْ مِّن وَلِىٍّ وَلاَ نَصِيرٍ ( but He admits whom He wills to His mercy.
And the wrongdoers will have neither a protector nor a helper. )

(42:7) And thus did We reveal this Arabic Qur'an *8 to you that you may warn the people of the Mother of Cities (to wit, Makkah) and those who dwell around it; *9 and warn them of the Day of Gathering *10 concerning which there is no doubt: whereon some will be in Paradise, and some in the Blazing Fire.

And thus We have revealed to you meaning

*8) The same thing which had been said in the beginning of the discourse has been said again with greater emphasis, and by making mention of the " Arabic Qur'an ", the listeners have been warned to the effect: " The Qur'an is not in any foreign language but in your own language: you can understand it yourself directly; study its themes and see for yourself that the pure and selfless guidance that is being given in it can be from none other than the Lord of the Universe. "
*9) That is, " Arouse them from slumber and warn them that there is nothing but destruction in store for them in consequence of the errors of morality and conduct in which they are involved and of the perverse principle on which they have ordered their individual and collective lives. "
*10) That is, " Tell them also that this destruction is not confined only to this world but the Day has to come when Allah will gather together alI mankind and subject them to accountability.
Even if a person escaped the evil consequences of his deviation and wickedness in the world, there will be no chance of his escape on that Day, and highly unfortunate is he, who is doomed to a tragic fate both in this world and in the Hereafter. "
 

The Qur'an was revealed to serve as a Warning Allah says, `just as We sent revelation to the Prophets before you,' أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ قُرْءَاناً عَرَبِيّاً ( thus We have revealed to you a Qur'an in Arabic ) meaning, plain, clear, and manifest لِّتُنذِرَ أُمَّ الْقُرَى ( that you may warn the Mother of the Towns ), i.e., Makkah, وَمَنْ حَوْلَهَا ( and all around it, ) means, all the lands, east and west.
Makkah is called Umm Al-Qura ( the Mother of the Towns ) because it is nobler than all other lands, as indicated by much evidence that has been discussed elsewhere.
Among the most concise and clear proofs of that is the report recorded by Imam Ahmad from `Abdullah bin `Adi bin Al-Hamra' Az-Zuhri, who heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, as he was standing in the market place of Makkah; «وَاللهِ إِنَّكِ لَخَيْرُ أَرْضِ اللهِ وَأَحَبُّ أَرْضِ اللهِ إِلَى اللهِ، وَلَوْلَا أَنِّي أُخْرِجْتُ مِنْكِ مَا خَرَجْت» ( By Allah, you are the best land of Allah, the most beloved land to Allah; were it not for the fact that I was driven out from you, I would never have left you. ) This was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah; At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Sahih.
" وَتُنذِرَ يَوْمَ الْجَمْعِ ( and warn (them ) of the Day of Assembling) i.e., the Day of Resurrection, when Allah will assemble the first and the last in one plain. لاَ رَيْبَ فِيهِ ( of which there is no doubt, ) means, there is no doubt that it will happen and will most certainly come to pass. فَرِيقٌ فِى الْجَنَّةِ وَفَرِيقٌ فِى السَّعِيرِ ( a party will be in Paradise and a party in the blazing Fire. ) This is like the Ayah: يَوْمَ يَجْمَعُكُمْ لِيَوْمِ الْجَمْعِ ذَلِكَ يَوْمُ التَّغَابُنِ ( (And remember ) the Day when He will gather you ( all ) on the Day of Gathering, --- that will be the Day of mutual loss and gain) ( 64:9 ).
which means that the people of Paradise and the people of Hell will gain and lose, respectively.
And it is like the Ayah: إِنَّ فِى ذلِكَ لآيَةً لِّمَنْ خَافَ عَذَابَ الاٌّخِرَةِ ذلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَّجْمُوعٌ لَّهُ النَّاسُ وَذَلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَّشْهُودٌ - وَمَا نُؤَخِّرُهُ إِلاَّ لاًّجَلٍ مَّعْدُودٍ - يَوْمَ يَأْتِ لاَ تَكَلَّمُ نَفْسٌ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ فَمِنْهُمْ شَقِىٌّ وَسَعِيدٌ ( Indeed in that (there ) is a sure lesson for those who fear the torment of the Hereafter.
That is a Day whereon will be gathered together, and that is a Day when all ( the dwellers of the heavens and the earth ) will be present.
And We delay it only for a term fixed.
On the Day when it comes, no person shall speak except by His leave.
Some among them will be wretched and ( others ) blessed.) ( 11:103-105 ) Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ  came out to us, holding two books in his hand.
He said, «أَتَدْرُونَ مَا هذَانِ الْكِتَابَانِ؟» ( Do you know what these two books are ) We said, "We do not know unless you tell us, O Messenger of Allah." Concerning the book in his right hand, He said: «هَذَا كِتَابٌ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ بِأَسْمَاءِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَأَسْمَاءِ آبَائِهِمْ وَقَبَائِلِهِمْ، ثُمَّ أُجْمِلَ عَلى آخِرِهِمْ، لَا يُزَادُ فِيهِمْ وَلَا يُنْقَصُ مِنْهُمْ أبدًا» ( This is a book from the Lord of the worlds, containing the names of the people of Paradise and of their fathers and tribes; all of them are detailed, down to the last one of them, and nothing will be added or taken away from it. ) Then concerning the book in his left hand, he said: «هَذَا كِتَابُ أَهْلِ النَّارِ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ وَأَسْمَاءِ آبَائِهِمْ وَقَبَائِلِهِمْ، ثُمَّ أُجْمِلَ عَلى آخِرِهِمْ، لَا يُزَادُ فِيهِمْ وَلَا يُنْقَصُ مِنْهُمْ أَبَدًا» ( This is the book of the people of Hell, containing their names and the names of their fathers and tribes, all of them are detailed down to the last one of them, and nothing will be added or taken away from it. ) The Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ  said, "Why should we strive if it is something that is already cut and dried" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ  said: «سَدِّدُوا وَقَارِبُوا فَإِنَّ صَاحِبَ الْجَنَّةِ يُخْتَمُ لَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ، وَإِنْ عَمِلَ أَيَّ عَمَلٍ،وَإِنَّ صَاحِبَ النَّارِ يُخْتَمُ لَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ، وَإِنْ عَمِلَ أَيَّ عَمَل» ( Strive with your deeds as hard as you can for middle course or close to it, for the person who is destined for Paradise will die doing the deeds of the people of Paradise, regardless of what he did before, and the person who is destined for Hell will die doing the deeds of the people of Hell, regardless of what he did before. ) Then he made a gesture with his fist and said, «فَرَغَ رَبُّكُمْ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنَ الْعِبَاد» ( Your Lord has settled the matter of His servants ) and he opened his right hand as if throwing something; «فَرِيقٌ فِي الْجَنَّة» ( A party in Paradise. ) and he made a similar gesture with his left hand; «فَرِيقٌ فِي السَّعِير» ( And a party in the blazing Fire. )" This was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi, and An-Nasa'i; At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Sahih Gharib." Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Nadrah said, "One of the Companions of the Prophet , whose name was Abu Abdullah, was visited by some of his friends, and they found him weeping.
They asked him, `What has caused you to weep Didn't the Messenger of Allah ﷺ  say to you, «خُذْ مِنْ شَارِبِكَ ثُمَّ أَقِرَّهُ حَتَّى تَلْقَانِي» ( Trim your moustache and adhere to that practice until you meet me )' He said, `Yes, but I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say; «إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَبَضَ بِيَمِينِهِ قَبْضَةً وَأُخْرَى بِالْيَدِ الْأُخْرَى، قَالَ: هذِهِ لِهذِهِ، وَهذِهِ لِهذِهِ، وَلَا أُبَالِي» ( Allah picked up a handful in His Right Hand and another in His other Hand, and said, "This is for this and this is for this, and I do not care." ) `And I do not know in which of the two handfuls I am."' There are several Hadiths about Al-Qadr ( the Divine Decree ) in the books of Sahih, Sunan and Musnad.
Including those narrated by `Ali, Ibn Mas`ud, `A'ishah and a large number of Companions, may Allah be pleased with them all. وَلَوْ شَآءَ اللَّهُ لَجَعَلَهُمْ أُمَّةً وَحِدَةً ( And if Allah had willed, He could have made them one nation, ) means, either all following guidance or all following misguidance, but He made them all different, and He guides whomsoever He wills to the truth and He sends astray whomsoever He wills, and He has complete wisdom and perfect proof.
Allah says: وَلَـكِن يُدْخِلُ مَن يَشَآءُ فِى رَحْمَتِهِ وَالظَّـلِمُونَ مَا لَهُمْ مِّن وَلِىٍّ وَلاَ نَصِيرٍ ( but He admits whom He wills to His mercy.
And the wrongdoers will have neither a protector nor a helper. )

( And thus we have inspired in thee ) We sent you Gabriel with the Qur’an ( a Lecture in Arabic ) a Qur’an in the Arabic usage, ( that thou mayst warn ) by the Qur’an ( the mother town ) the people of Mecca ( and those around it ) of townships, ( and may warn of a day of assembling ) of the horrors of the Day of Assembly whereby the dwellers of the heavens and earth will be brought together ( whereof there is no doubt. A host ) of those assembled ( will be in the Garden ) these are the believers, ( and a host of them in the Flame ) and these are the disbelievers.

And thus We have inspired unto you (O Muhammad SAW) a Quran (in Arabic) that you may warn the Mother of the Towns (Makkah) and all around it. And warn of the Day of Assembling, of which there is no doubt, when a party will be in Paradise (those who believed in Allah and followed what Allah's Messenger SAW brought them) and a party in the blazing Fire (Hell) (those who disbelieved in Allah and followed not what Allah's Messenger SAW brought them).

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