Surah Nisa ayat 83 Tafsir Quran 4:83

﴿وَإِذَا جَاءَهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِّنَ الْأَمْنِ أَوِ الْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُوا بِهِ ۖ وَلَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَإِلَىٰ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ ۗ وَلَوْلَا فَضْلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُ لَاتَّبَعْتُمُ الشَّيْطَانَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا﴾
[ النساء: 83]

4:83 And when there comes to them information about [public] security or fear, they spread it around. But if they had referred it back to the Messenger or to those of authority among them, then the ones who [can] draw correct conclusions from it would have known about it. And if not for the favor of Allah upon you and His mercy, you would have followed Satan, except for a few.

And when there comes to them an issue news concerning the raiding parties sent by the Prophet s and what has happened to them be it of security through victory or of fear through defeat they broadcast it they make it widely-known this was revealed regarding a group from among the hypocrites or from among the feeble believers who used to do this and so the hearts of the believers would lose courage and the Prophet s would become distressed. If they had referred it the news to the Messenger and to those in authority among them that is the judicious elders among the Companions in other words if they had kept quiet about it until they were fully informed; those among them who are able to think it out those who follow it up and seek knowledge of it the ones who broadcast it would have known it and whether it is a matter that ought be broadcast or not from them from the Prophet s and those of authority. And but for the bounty of God to you through Islam and His mercy to you through the Qur’ān you would surely have followed Satan in the abominations to which he commands you except a few of you.

When -these people- learn by credible or incredible information a subject or report or talk to the credit of the Muslims or against them, they spread it as news and circulate it by way of rumour. Had they referred it to the Messenger and, in his absence, to those in authority among them, it would have been in accordance with divine standard. The Messenger and/or those in authority would have intelligently examined the news and rationalized the matter and would have known the facts and placed them in their true bearings. Had it not been for Allahs efficacious grace and mercy abounding in you, you people would have been attracted to AL-Shaytan and espoused the opinions of those with characteristics befitting him, except a few

The Qur'an is True Allah commands them to contemplate about the Qur'an and forbids them from ignoring it, or ignoring its wise meanings and eloquent words.
Allah states that there are no inconsistencies, contradictions, conflicting statements or discrepancies in the Qur'an, because it is a revelation from the Most-Wise, Worthy of all praise.
Therefore, the Qur'an is the truth coming from the Truth, Allah.
This is why Allah said in another Ayah, أَفَلاَ يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْءَانَ أَمْ عَلَى قُلُوبٍ أَقْفَالُهَآ ( Do they not then think deeply in the Qur'an, or are their hearts locked up (from understanding it )) Allah then said, وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ عِندِ غَيْرِ اللَّهِ ( Had it been from other than Allah, ) meaning, had it been fraudulent and made up, as the ignorant idolators and hypocrites assert in their hearts, لَوَجَدُواْ فِيهِ اخْتِلَـفاً ( they would surely, have found therein contradictions ), discrepancies and inconsistencies, كَثِيراً ( in abundance ).
However, this Qur'an is free of shortcomings, and therefore, it is from Allah.
Similarly, Allah describes those who are firmly grounded in knowledge, ءَامَنَّا بِهِ كُلٌّ مِّنْ عِندِ رَبِّنَا ( We believe in it, all of it is from our Lord. )( 3:7 ) meaning, the Muhkam sections ( entirely clear ) and the Mutashabih sections ( not entirely clear ) of the Qur'an are all true.
So they understand the not entirely clear from the clear, and thus gain guidance.
As for those in whose heart is the disease of hypocrisy, they understand the Muhkam from the Mutashabih; thus only gaining misguidance.
Allah praised those who have knowledge and criticized the wicked.
Imam Ahmad recorded that `Amr bin Shu`ayb said that his father said that his grandfather said, "I and my brother were present in a gathering, which is more precious to me than red camels.
My brother and I came and found that some of the leaders of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were sitting close to a door of his.
We did not like the idea of being separate from them, so we sat near the room.
They then mentioned an Ayah and began disputing until they raised their voices.
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was so angry that when he went out his face was red.
He threw sand on them and said to them,
«مَهْلًا يَا قَوْمِ، بِهَذَا أُهْلِكَتِ الْأُمَمُ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ، بِاخْتِلَافِهِمْ عَلى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ، وَضَرْبِهِمِ الْكُتُبَ بَعْضَهَا بِبَعْضٍ، إِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ يُكَذِّبُ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا، إِنَّمَا يُصَدِّقُ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا، فَمَا عَرَفْتُمْ مِنْهُ فَاعْمَلُوا بِهِ، وَمَا جَهِلْتُمْ مِنْهُ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلى عَالِمِه»
( Behold, O people! This is how the nations before you were destroyed, because of their disputing with their Prophets and their contradicting parts of the Books with other parts.
The Qur'an does not contradict itself.
Rather, it testifies to the truth of itself.
Therefore, whatever of it you have knowledge in, then implement it, and whatever you do not know of it, then refer it to those who have knowledge in it.
)" Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amr said, "I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ one day.
When we were sitting, two men disputed about an Ayah, and their voices became loud.
The Prophet said,
«إِنَّمَا هَلَكَتِ الْأُمَمُ قَبْلَكُمْ بِاخْتِلَافِهِمْ فِي الْكِتَاب»
( Verily, the nations before you were destroyed because of their disagreements over the Book. ) Muslim and An-Nasa'i recorded this Hadith. The Prohibition of Disclosing Unreliable and Uninvestigated News Allah said, وَإِذَا جَآءَهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِّنَ الاٌّمْنِ أَوِ الْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُواْ بِهِ ( When there comes to them some matter touching (public ) safety or fear, they make it known ( among the people );) chastising those who indulge in things before being sure of their truth, disclosing them, making them known and spreading their news, even though such news might not be true at all.
In the introduction to his Sahih, Imam Muslim recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Prophet said,
«كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ كَذِبًا أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِع»
( Narrating everything one hears is sufficient to make a person a liar. ) This is the same narration collected by Abu Dawud in the section of Adab ( manners ) in his Sunan.
In the Two Sahihs, it is recorded that Al-Mughirah bin Shu`bah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited, "It was said," and, "So-and-so said." This Hadith refers to those who often convey the speech that people utter without investigating the reliability and truth of what he is disclosing.
The Sahih also records,
«مَنْ حَدَّثَ بِحَدِيثٍ وَهُوَ يُرَى أَنَّهُ كَذِبٌ، فَهُوَ أَحَدُ الْكَاذِبَيْن»
( Whoever narrates a Hadith while knowing it is false, then he is one of the two liars (who invents and who spreads the lie ).) We should mention here the Hadith of `Umar bin Al-Khattab collected in the Two Sahihs.
When `Umar was informed that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ divorced his wives, he came from his house, entered the Masjid and found the people talking about this news.
He could not wait and went to the Prophet to ask him about what had truly happened, asking him, "Have you divorced your wives" The Prophet said, "No." `Umar said, "I said, Allahu Akbar..." and mentioned the rest of the Hadith.
In the narration that Muslim collected, `Umar said, "I asked, `Have you divorced them' He said, `No.' So, I stood by the door of the Masjid and shouted with the loudest voice, `The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not divorce his wives.' Then, this Ayah was revealed, وَإِذَا جَآءَهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِّنَ الاٌّمْنِ أَوِ الْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُواْ بِهِ وَلَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَإِلَى أُوْلِى الاٌّمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنْبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ ( When there comes to them some matter touching (public ) safety or fear, they make it known ( among the people ), if only they had referred it to the Messenger or to those charged with authority among them, the proper investigators would have understood it from them ( directly ).) So I properly investigated that matter." This Ayah refers to proper investigation, or extraction of matters from their proper resources.
Allah's statement, لاَتَّبَعْتُمُ الشَّيْطَـنَ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً ( you would have followed Shaytan except a few of you.
) refers to the believers, as `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas.

(4:83) Whenever they come upon any news bearing upon either security or causing consternation they go about spreading it, whereas if they were to convey it to either the Messenger or to those from among them who are entrusted with authority, it would come to the knowledge of those who are competent to investigate it. *112 But for Allah's bounty and mercy upon you, (weak as you were) all but a few of you would surely have followed Satan.

And when there comes to them information meaning

*112).
This was a period of turbulence and upheaval and rumour was rife.
Occasionally, baseless and exaggerated reports circulated and seized the whole of Madina and its outlying areas with alarm and consternation.
At other times some cunning enemy tried to conceal the dangers threatening the Muslims by spreading soothing reports.
A specially keen interest in rumours was taken by those who simply relished anything out of the ordinary, and who did not consider this life-and-death struggle between Islam and Ignorance to be a matter of crucial importance, and who were not aware of the far-reaching consequences of rumour-mongering.
As soon as they heard something, they ran about spreading it everywhere.
This rebuke is addressed to such people.
They are warned against spreading rumours and are directed to convey every report they receive to responsible quarters.

 

The Qur'an is True Allah commands them to contemplate about the Qur'an and forbids them from ignoring it, or ignoring its wise meanings and eloquent words.
Allah states that there are no inconsistencies, contradictions, conflicting statements or discrepancies in the Qur'an, because it is a revelation from the Most-Wise, Worthy of all praise.
Therefore, the Qur'an is the truth coming from the Truth, Allah.
This is why Allah said in another Ayah, أَفَلاَ يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْءَانَ أَمْ عَلَى قُلُوبٍ أَقْفَالُهَآ ( Do they not then think deeply in the Qur'an, or are their hearts locked up (from understanding it )) Allah then said, وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ عِندِ غَيْرِ اللَّهِ ( Had it been from other than Allah, ) meaning, had it been fraudulent and made up, as the ignorant idolators and hypocrites assert in their hearts, لَوَجَدُواْ فِيهِ اخْتِلَـفاً ( they would surely, have found therein contradictions ), discrepancies and inconsistencies, كَثِيراً ( in abundance ).
However, this Qur'an is free of shortcomings, and therefore, it is from Allah.
Similarly, Allah describes those who are firmly grounded in knowledge, ءَامَنَّا بِهِ كُلٌّ مِّنْ عِندِ رَبِّنَا ( We believe in it, all of it is from our Lord. )( 3:7 ) meaning, the Muhkam sections ( entirely clear ) and the Mutashabih sections ( not entirely clear ) of the Qur'an are all true.
So they understand the not entirely clear from the clear, and thus gain guidance.
As for those in whose heart is the disease of hypocrisy, they understand the Muhkam from the Mutashabih; thus only gaining misguidance.
Allah praised those who have knowledge and criticized the wicked.
Imam Ahmad recorded that `Amr bin Shu`ayb said that his father said that his grandfather said, "I and my brother were present in a gathering, which is more precious to me than red camels.
My brother and I came and found that some of the leaders of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were sitting close to a door of his.
We did not like the idea of being separate from them, so we sat near the room.
They then mentioned an Ayah and began disputing until they raised their voices.
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was so angry that when he went out his face was red.
He threw sand on them and said to them, «مَهْلًا يَا قَوْمِ، بِهَذَا أُهْلِكَتِ الْأُمَمُ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ، بِاخْتِلَافِهِمْ عَلى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ، وَضَرْبِهِمِ الْكُتُبَ بَعْضَهَا بِبَعْضٍ، إِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ يُكَذِّبُ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا، إِنَّمَا يُصَدِّقُ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا، فَمَا عَرَفْتُمْ مِنْهُ فَاعْمَلُوا بِهِ، وَمَا جَهِلْتُمْ مِنْهُ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلى عَالِمِه» ( Behold, O people! This is how the nations before you were destroyed, because of their disputing with their Prophets and their contradicting parts of the Books with other parts.
The Qur'an does not contradict itself.
Rather, it testifies to the truth of itself.
Therefore, whatever of it you have knowledge in, then implement it, and whatever you do not know of it, then refer it to those who have knowledge in it.
)" Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amr said, "I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ one day.
When we were sitting, two men disputed about an Ayah, and their voices became loud.
The Prophet said, «إِنَّمَا هَلَكَتِ الْأُمَمُ قَبْلَكُمْ بِاخْتِلَافِهِمْ فِي الْكِتَاب» ( Verily, the nations before you were destroyed because of their disagreements over the Book. ) Muslim and An-Nasa'i recorded this Hadith. The Prohibition of Disclosing Unreliable and Uninvestigated News Allah said, وَإِذَا جَآءَهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِّنَ الاٌّمْنِ أَوِ الْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُواْ بِهِ ( When there comes to them some matter touching (public ) safety or fear, they make it known ( among the people );) chastising those who indulge in things before being sure of their truth, disclosing them, making them known and spreading their news, even though such news might not be true at all.
In the introduction to his Sahih, Imam Muslim recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Prophet said, «كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ كَذِبًا أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِع» ( Narrating everything one hears is sufficient to make a person a liar. ) This is the same narration collected by Abu Dawud in the section of Adab ( manners ) in his Sunan.
In the Two Sahihs, it is recorded that Al-Mughirah bin Shu`bah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited, "It was said," and, "So-and-so said." This Hadith refers to those who often convey the speech that people utter without investigating the reliability and truth of what he is disclosing.
The Sahih also records, «مَنْ حَدَّثَ بِحَدِيثٍ وَهُوَ يُرَى أَنَّهُ كَذِبٌ، فَهُوَ أَحَدُ الْكَاذِبَيْن» ( Whoever narrates a Hadith while knowing it is false, then he is one of the two liars (who invents and who spreads the lie ).) We should mention here the Hadith of `Umar bin Al-Khattab collected in the Two Sahihs.
When `Umar was informed that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ divorced his wives, he came from his house, entered the Masjid and found the people talking about this news.
He could not wait and went to the Prophet to ask him about what had truly happened, asking him, "Have you divorced your wives" The Prophet said, "No." `Umar said, "I said, Allahu Akbar..." and mentioned the rest of the Hadith.
In the narration that Muslim collected, `Umar said, "I asked, `Have you divorced them' He said, `No.' So, I stood by the door of the Masjid and shouted with the loudest voice, `The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not divorce his wives.' Then, this Ayah was revealed, وَإِذَا جَآءَهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِّنَ الاٌّمْنِ أَوِ الْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُواْ بِهِ وَلَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَإِلَى أُوْلِى الاٌّمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنْبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ ( When there comes to them some matter touching (public ) safety or fear, they make it known ( among the people ), if only they had referred it to the Messenger or to those charged with authority among them, the proper investigators would have understood it from them ( directly ).) So I properly investigated that matter." This Ayah refers to proper investigation, or extraction of matters from their proper resources.
Allah's statement, لاَتَّبَعْتُمُ الشَّيْطَـنَ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً ( you would have followed Shaytan except a few of you.
) refers to the believers, as `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas.

Allah then mentioned the betrayal of the hypocrites, saying: ( And if any tidings whether of safety ) any news about the army, conquest or booty, they insist on it out of resentful envy ( or fear ) and when they receive any news about the army, killings or defeat, ( come unto them, they noise it abroad ) they divulge it, ( whereas if they had referred it ) the news of the army ( to the messenger ) until the messenger informs them ( and such of them as are in authority ) those possessed of reason and understanding, i.e. Abu Bakr and his companions, ( those among them who are able to think out the matter would have known it ) i.e. the precise news. ( If it had not been for the grace of Allah and His mercy ) by means of His given success and protection ( you would have followed Satan ) all of you, ( save a few (of you )) who would not divulge the news.

When there comes to them some matter touching (public) safety or fear, they make it known (among the people), if only they had referred it to the Messenger or to those charged with authority among them, the proper investigators would have understood it from them (directly). Had it not been for the Grace and Mercy of Allah upon you, you would have followed Shaitan (Satan), save a few of you.

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