Surah Baqarah ayat 134 Tafsir Quran 2:134

﴿تِلْكَ أُمَّةٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ ۖ لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَلَكُم مَّا كَسَبْتُمْ ۖ وَلَا تُسْأَلُونَ عَمَّا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ﴾
[ البقرة: 134]

2:134 That was a nation which has passed on. It will have [the consequence of] what it earned, and you will have what you have earned. And you will not be asked about what they used to do.

That tilka is the subject of this sentence and denotes Abraham Jacob and his sons and is feminine because it agrees with the gender of its predicate is a community that has passed away has gone before; theirs is what they have earned the reward for their deeds lahā mā kasabat theirs is what they have earned’ constitutes the commencement of a new sentence and yours the Jews are being addressed here is what you have earned; you shall not be asked about what they did in the same way that they will not be asked about what you did this latter statement being an affirmation of the former.

These were a people who passed through nature to Eternity; they are accountable for their deeds and you are accountable for yours, and you shall not be responsible for their deeds

Ya`qub's Will and Testament to His Children upon His Death This Ayah contains Allah's criticism of the Arab pagans among the offspring of Isma`il as well as the disbelievers among the Children of Israel Jacob the son of Isaac, the son of Ibrahim.
When death came to Jacob, he advised his children to worship Allah alone without partners.
He said to them, مَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِن بَعْدِى قَالُواْ نَعْبُدُ إِلَـهَكَ وَإِلَـهَ آبَآئِكَ إِبْرَهِيمَ وَإِسْمَـعِيلَ وَإِسْحَـقَ ( "What will you worship after me" They said, "We shall worship your Ilah (God ـ Allah ) the Ilah of your fathers, Ibrahim, Isma`il, Ishaq,") Mentioning Isma`il here is a figure of speech, because Isma`il is Jacob's uncle.
An-Nahas said that the Arabs call the uncle a father, as Al-Qurtubi mentioned). This Ayah is used as evidence that the grandfather is called a father and inherits, rather than the brothers ( i.e.
when his son dies ), as Abu Bakr asserted, according to Al-Bukhari who narrated Abu Bakr's statement from Ibn `Abbas and Ibn Az-Zubayr.
Al-Bukhari then commented that there are no opposing opinions regarding this subject.
This is also the opinion of `A'ishah the Mother of the believers, Al-Hasan Al-Basri, Tawus and `Ata', Malik, Ash-Shaf`i and Ahmad said that the inheritance is divided between the grandfather and the brothers.
It was reported that this was also the opinion of `Umar, `Uthman, `Ali, bin Mas`ud, Zayd bin Thabit and several scholars among the Salaf and later generations. The statement, إِلَـهًا وَاحِدًا ( One Ilah (God )) means, "We single Him out in divinity and do not associate anything or anyone with Him." وَنَحْنُ لَهُ مُسْلِمُونَ ( And to Him we submit ), in obedience meaning, obedient and submissiveness.
Similarly, Allah said, وَلَهُ أَسْلَمَ مَن فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ طَوْعًا وَكَرْهًا وَإِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ ( While to Him submitted all creatures in the heavens and the earth, willingly or unwillingly.
And to Him shall they all be returned ) ( 3:83 ). Indeed, Islam is the religion of all the Prophets, even if their reispective laws differed.
Allah said, وَمَآ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ مِن رَّسُولٍ إِلاَّ نُوحِى إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لا إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ أَنَاْ فَاعْبُدُونِ ( And We did not send any Messenger before you (O Muhammad ) but We revealed to him ( saying ): La ilaha illa Ana none has the right to be worshipped but I ( Allah ), so worship Me ( alone and none else )) ( 21:25 ). There are many other Ayat - and Hadiths - on this subject.
For instance, the Prophet said,
«نَحْنُ مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ أَوْلَادُ عَلَّاتٍ دِينُنا وَاحِد»
( We, the Prophets, are brothers with different mothers, but the same religion. ) Allah said, تِلْكَ أُمَّةٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ ( That was a nation who has passed away ) meaning, existed before your time, لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَلَكُم مَّا كَسَبْتُم ( They shall receive the reward of what they earned and you of what you earn ). This Ayah proclaims, Your relationship to the Prophets or righteous people among your ancestors will not benefit you, unless you perform good deeds that bring about you religious benefit.
They have their deeds and you have yours, وَلاَ تُسْـَلُونَ عَمَّا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ ( And you will not be asked of what they used to do )." This is why a Hadith proclaims,
«مَنْ بَطَّأَ بِهِ عَمَلُهُ لَمْ يُسْرِعْ بِهِ نَسَبُه»
( Whoever was slowed on account of his deeds will not get any faster on account of his family lineage. )'

(2:134) They were a people who passed away; they shall receive the reward of what they earned and you shall have the reward of what you will earn; and you will not be questioned as to what they did. *134

That was a nation which has passed meaning

*134).
What is being said here is that even though they might be their offspring in terms of blood - relationship they had, in fact, no true relationship with them.
What right did they have to pretend to belong to them when they had departed far from their way? For God would not ask people what their forefathers did; it was rather about their own conduct and action that they would be questioned.

' Theirs is what they have earned ' is a characteristically Qur'anic expression.
What we ordinarily characterize as either 'action' or 'doing' is termed by the Qur'an as 'earning'.
The reason is that each and every human action has its ultimate effect, whether or not it is good, and will have its manifestation in God's approval or disapproval.
It is this ultimate effect which is a man's earning.
Since the Qur'an considers this to be of paramount importance, it characterizes man's actions as his 'earning'.

 

Ya`qub's Will and Testament to His Children upon His Death This Ayah contains Allah's criticism of the Arab pagans among the offspring of Isma`il as well as the disbelievers among the Children of Israel Jacob the son of Isaac, the son of Ibrahim.
When death came to Jacob, he advised his children to worship Allah alone without partners.
He said to them, مَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِن بَعْدِى قَالُواْ نَعْبُدُ إِلَـهَكَ وَإِلَـهَ آبَآئِكَ إِبْرَهِيمَ وَإِسْمَـعِيلَ وَإِسْحَـقَ ( "What will you worship after me" They said, "We shall worship your Ilah (God ـ Allah ) the Ilah of your fathers, Ibrahim, Isma`il, Ishaq,") Mentioning Isma`il here is a figure of speech, because Isma`il is Jacob's uncle.
An-Nahas said that the Arabs call the uncle a father, as Al-Qurtubi mentioned). This Ayah is used as evidence that the grandfather is called a father and inherits, rather than the brothers ( i.e.
when his son dies ), as Abu Bakr asserted, according to Al-Bukhari who narrated Abu Bakr's statement from Ibn `Abbas and Ibn Az-Zubayr.
Al-Bukhari then commented that there are no opposing opinions regarding this subject.
This is also the opinion of `A'ishah the Mother of the believers, Al-Hasan Al-Basri, Tawus and `Ata', Malik, Ash-Shaf`i and Ahmad said that the inheritance is divided between the grandfather and the brothers.
It was reported that this was also the opinion of `Umar, `Uthman, `Ali, bin Mas`ud, Zayd bin Thabit and several scholars among the Salaf and later generations. The statement, إِلَـهًا وَاحِدًا ( One Ilah (God )) means, "We single Him out in divinity and do not associate anything or anyone with Him." وَنَحْنُ لَهُ مُسْلِمُونَ ( And to Him we submit ), in obedience meaning, obedient and submissiveness.
Similarly, Allah said, وَلَهُ أَسْلَمَ مَن فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ طَوْعًا وَكَرْهًا وَإِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ ( While to Him submitted all creatures in the heavens and the earth, willingly or unwillingly.
And to Him shall they all be returned ) ( 3:83 ). Indeed, Islam is the religion of all the Prophets, even if their reispective laws differed.
Allah said, وَمَآ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ مِن رَّسُولٍ إِلاَّ نُوحِى إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لا إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ أَنَاْ فَاعْبُدُونِ ( And We did not send any Messenger before you (O Muhammad ) but We revealed to him ( saying ): La ilaha illa Ana none has the right to be worshipped but I ( Allah ), so worship Me ( alone and none else )) ( 21:25 ). There are many other Ayat - and Hadiths - on this subject.
For instance, the Prophet said, «نَحْنُ مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ أَوْلَادُ عَلَّاتٍ دِينُنا وَاحِد» ( We, the Prophets, are brothers with different mothers, but the same religion. ) Allah said, تِلْكَ أُمَّةٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ ( That was a nation who has passed away ) meaning, existed before your time, لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَلَكُم مَّا كَسَبْتُم ( They shall receive the reward of what they earned and you of what you earn ). This Ayah proclaims, Your relationship to the Prophets or righteous people among your ancestors will not benefit you, unless you perform good deeds that bring about you religious benefit.
They have their deeds and you have yours, وَلاَ تُسْـَلُونَ عَمَّا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ ( And you will not be asked of what they used to do )." This is why a Hadith proclaims, «مَنْ بَطَّأَ بِهِ عَمَلُهُ لَمْ يُسْرِعْ بِهِ نَسَبُه» ( Whoever was slowed on account of his deeds will not get any faster on account of his family lineage. )'

( Those are the people ) a group of people ( who have passed away ) perished. ( Theirs is that which they earned ) of goodness ( and yours is that which ye earn ) of goodness. ( And ye will not be asked ) on the Day of Judgement ( of what they used to do ) or say.

That was a nation who has passed away. They shall receive the reward of what they earned and you of what you earn. And you will not be asked of what they used to do.

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