Surah Jathiyah ayat 5 Tafsir Quran 45:5

﴿وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مِن رِّزْقٍ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَتَصْرِيفِ الرِّيَاحِ آيَاتٌ لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ﴾
[ الجاثية: 5]

45:5 And [in] the alternation of night and day and [in] what Allah sends down from the sky of provision and gives life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness and [in His] directing of the winds are signs for a people who reason.

and in the alternation of night and day their passing and their arrival and what God sends down from the heaven in the way of provision rain for it constitutes a means of provision with which He revives the earth after it is dead and the circulation of the winds its alternation between southerly and northerly hot and cold there are signs for a people who understand proofs and therefore have faith.

And the variation in duration besides the constant alternation and succession symbolic of the night and the day*, and the rain Allah sends down from the floor of the vault of heaven wherewith He revives the earth after it has suffered death,** and the air in motion in the various directions and of varying degrees of force*** perceptible to the senses and the variation in weight and pressure are indeed signs emblematic of His Omnipotence and Authority, for people who reflect

Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. A Directive to contemplate over Allah's Ayat Allah directs His servants to contemplate His favors and gifts, as well as His great power that is demonstrated by His creating the heavens and the earth and the various types and categories of creatures in them.
There are the angels, Jinns, humans, animals, birds, beasts, carnivores, insects and various kinds of sea creatures.
The night and day alternate, each follows the other in succession, never ceasing to come, as decreed.
One brings darkness and one brings light.
Allah the Exalted also sends down the rain from the clouds when it is most needed.
He is calling the rain, `provision', because it is the resource that produces various provisions, فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الاٌّرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا ( and revives therewith the earth after its death, ) after it was dry and had no vegetation or life of any kind.
Allah said next, وَتَصْرِيفِ الرِّيَـحِ ( and in the turning about of the winds, ) sometimes towards the south and sometimes towards the north.
Some are easterly winds and some are westerly winds, some bringing sea breezes and some blow from the land, some coming at night and some by day.
Some winds bring rain, some cause pollination and some winds just revive the soul, while some others bear no benefit.
Allah said first. لاّيَـتٍ لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( are signs for the believers ), then يُوقِنُونَ ( who have faith with certainty ), then يَعْقِلُونَ ( who understand ), thus ascending from one honorable stage to what is more honorable and higher in grade.
These Ayat are similar to an Ayah in Surat Al-Baqarah إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَاخْتِلَـفِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَالْفُلْكِ الَّتِى تَجْرِى فِى الْبَحْرِ بِمَا يَنفَعُ النَّاسَ وَمَآ أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مِن مَّآءٍ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الاٌّرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَبَثَّ فِيهَا مِن كُلِّ دَآبَّةٍ وَتَصْرِيفِ الرِّيَـحِ وَالسَّحَابِ الْمُسَخَّرِ بَيْنَ السَّمَآءِ وَالأَرْضِ لآيَـتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ ( Verily, in the creation of the heavens and the earth, and in the alternation of night and day, and the ships which sail through the sea with that which is of use to mankind, and the water which Allah sends down from the sky and makes the earth alive therewith after its death, and the moving creatures of all kinds that He has spread therein, and in the veering of winds and clouds which are held between the sky and the earth, are indeed signs for people of understanding. ) ( 2:164 )

(45:5) and in the succession of night and day, *4 and in the provision *5 that Allah sends down from the sky wherewith He gives life to the earth after it had been lifeless, *6 and in the change of the winds: *7 (in all these) there are Signs for people who use reason.

And [in] the alternation of night and meaning

*4) The difference of the night and day is a sign because one follows the other with full regularity, because one is bright and the other dark, because over a certain period the day goes on shortening and the night lengthening gradually till the two become equal in duration, then again the day goes on lengthening and the night shortening till the two again become equal in duration.
These different kinds of variations found in the night and the day and the great aspects of wisdom that accrue from these, arc a clear pointer to the fact that the Creator of the sun and the earth and of every thing on the earth is one and that one AII-Powerful Being is keeping both these spheres under His control; that that Being is not deaf and blind and unwise but All-Wise, Who has established this unalterable system and made His earth a suitable place for the countless species of life, which He has created here in the form of vegetables, animals and men.
( For explanation, see Yunus: 67, An Naml: 86, Al-Qasas: 71-73, Luqman: 29 and E.N.
S0, Ya Sin: 37 and E.N.
32 )
*5) " Provisions ": rainfall as becomes evident from the following sentence.

*6) For explanation, see Al-Mu'minun: 18-20, Al-Furqan: 48-49, AshShu'ara': 7, An-Naml: 61, Ar-Ruth: 24, 48, Ya Sin: E.N.'s 26 to 31.

*7) The circulation of the winds implies the circulation of the different kinds of winds at different times, on different parts of the earth and at different heights, which cause change of the seasons.
What deserves attention is not only that above the surface of the earth there is a thick atmosphere, which contains all those elements needed by living beings for breathing, and this thick covering has kept the earth's population safe from many of the heavenly calamities.
Besides, another noteworthy thing is that the air is not just filled inertly in the atmosphere, but it blows occasionally in different ways.
Sometimes a cool wind blows and sometimes a hot wind; sometimes it stops blowing and sometimes it starts blowing; sometimes it blows soft and sometimes strong, and sometimes it assumes the proportions of a storm, sometimes a dry wind blows and sometimes a moist wind; sometimes it brings the rain and sometimes it drives away the clouds.
These different kinds of the winds do not blow without a purpose, but under a law and a system, which testifies that this arrangement is based on perfect wisdom, and it is serving great objectives.
Then it is deeply related with coolness and heat, which go on increasing and decreasing according to the changing conditions and relationships between the earth and the sun.
Furthermore, it has a deep relation with the seasonal changes and the distribution of the rain.
All these facts proclaim that these arrangements have not been made haphazardly by some blind nature, nor have the sun and the earth and the air and water and vegetation and animals separate controllers, but inevitably One God alone is the Creator of them aII, and it is His Wisdom that has established this system for a great objective, and it is His power that it is functioning regularly according to a pre-ordained law.

 

Which was revealed in Makkah بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. A Directive to contemplate over Allah's Ayat Allah directs His servants to contemplate His favors and gifts, as well as His great power that is demonstrated by His creating the heavens and the earth and the various types and categories of creatures in them.
There are the angels, Jinns, humans, animals, birds, beasts, carnivores, insects and various kinds of sea creatures.
The night and day alternate, each follows the other in succession, never ceasing to come, as decreed.
One brings darkness and one brings light.
Allah the Exalted also sends down the rain from the clouds when it is most needed.
He is calling the rain, `provision', because it is the resource that produces various provisions, فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الاٌّرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا ( and revives therewith the earth after its death, ) after it was dry and had no vegetation or life of any kind.
Allah said next, وَتَصْرِيفِ الرِّيَـحِ ( and in the turning about of the winds, ) sometimes towards the south and sometimes towards the north.
Some are easterly winds and some are westerly winds, some bringing sea breezes and some blow from the land, some coming at night and some by day.
Some winds bring rain, some cause pollination and some winds just revive the soul, while some others bear no benefit.
Allah said first. لاّيَـتٍ لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( are signs for the believers ), then يُوقِنُونَ ( who have faith with certainty ), then يَعْقِلُونَ ( who understand ), thus ascending from one honorable stage to what is more honorable and higher in grade.
These Ayat are similar to an Ayah in Surat Al-Baqarah إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَاخْتِلَـفِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَالْفُلْكِ الَّتِى تَجْرِى فِى الْبَحْرِ بِمَا يَنفَعُ النَّاسَ وَمَآ أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مِن مَّآءٍ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الاٌّرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَبَثَّ فِيهَا مِن كُلِّ دَآبَّةٍ وَتَصْرِيفِ الرِّيَـحِ وَالسَّحَابِ الْمُسَخَّرِ بَيْنَ السَّمَآءِ وَالأَرْضِ لآيَـتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ ( Verily, in the creation of the heavens and the earth, and in the alternation of night and day, and the ships which sail through the sea with that which is of use to mankind, and the water which Allah sends down from the sky and makes the earth alive therewith after its death, and the moving creatures of all kinds that He has spread therein, and in the veering of winds and clouds which are held between the sky and the earth, are indeed signs for people of understanding. ) ( 2:164 )

( And the difference of night and day ) and in the alternation of night and day, the increase and decrease of their duration, their coming and going, are a sign and lesson for you, ( and the provision that Allah sendeth down from the sky ) of rain ( and thereby ) by means of the rain ( quickeneth the earth after her death ) after her dryness and exposure to drought are also lessons and signs for you, ( and the ordering of the winds ) right and left, north and south, as a punishment and as mercy, ( are portents ) signs and lessons ( for a people who have sense ) for people who believe they are from Allah.

And in the alternation of night and day, and the provision (rain) that Allah sends down from the sky, and revives therewith the earth after its death, and in the turning about of the winds (i.e. sometimes towards the east or north, and sometimes towards the south or west etc., sometimes bringing glad tidings of rain etc., and sometimes bringing the torment), are signs for a people who understand.

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