Surah Shams ayat 14 Tafsir Quran 91:14

﴿فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُم بِذَنبِهِمْ فَسَوَّاهَا﴾
[ الشمس: 14]

91:14 But they denied him and hamstrung her. So their Lord brought down upon them destruction for their sin and made it equal [upon all of them].

But they denied him with regard to his saying this as being a command from God — which if they contravened would immediately result in chastisement being sent down on them — then hamstrung her they slew it in order to appropriate her share of the drinking water. So their Lord closed in on them the chastisement because of their sin and meted it equally among them that is the closing in on them in other words He subsumed them all by it so that not one of them escaped.

But they considered him a liar; they disabled the She-Camel by cutting her hamstring muscles; and so Allah pounded them away in requital of their criminal deed, and of all hopes they were dashed to the ground

The Rejection of Thamud and Allah's Destruction of Them Allah informs that Thamud rejected their Messenger because of the injustice and transgression they practiced.
This was said by Mujahid, Qatadah and others.
Therefore, this resulted in a rejection in their hearts for the guidance and conviction their Messenger came to them with. إِذِ انبَعَثَ أَشْقَـهَا ( When their most wicked went forth. ) meaning, the most wicked person of the tribe, and he was Qudar bin Salif, the one who killed the she-camel.
He was leader of the tribe of Thamud, and he is the one whom Allah refers to in His saying, فَنَادَوْاْ صَـحِبَهُمْ فَتَعَاطَى فَعَقَرَ ( But they called their comrade and he took (a sword ) and killed ( her ).) ( 54:29 ) This man was mighty and respected among his people.
He was of noble lineage and a leader who was obeyed.
This is just as Imam Ahmad recorded from `Abdullah bin Zam`ah.
He said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave a sermon in which he mentioned the she-camel and he mentioned the man who killed her.
Then he said, «إِذِ انبَعَثَ أَشْقَـهَا انْبَعَثَ لَهَا رَجُلٌ عَارِمٌ عَزِيزٌ مَنِيعٌ فَي رَهْطِهِ مِثْلُ أَبِي زَمْعَة» ( (When their most wicked went forth. )( A strong and mighty man who was invincible among his tribe, like Abu Zam`ah, went forth to her. ) This Hadith was recorded by Al-Bukhari in his Book of Tafsir, and Muslim in his Book of the Description of the Hellfire.
At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i both recorded it in their Sunans in their Books of Tafsir. The Story of Salih's She-Camel Allah then says, فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( But the Messenger of Allah said to them ) referring to Salih. نَاقَةُ اللَّهِ ( That is the she-camel of Allah! ) meaning, `beware of touching the she-camel of Allah with any harm.' وَسُقْيَـهَا ( and its drink! ) meaning, `do not transgress against her in her drinking, for she has been allocated a day to drink and you have been allocated a day to drink, as is known to you.' Then Allah says, فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا ( Then they denied him and they killed it. ) which means they rejected what he came with.
This resulted in them killing the she-camel that Allah had brought out of the rock as a sign for them and a proof against them. فَدَمْدمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِذَنبِهِمْ ( So their Lord destroyed them because of their sin, ) meaning, He became angry with them and He annihilated them. فَسَوَّاهَا ( Fasawwaha! ) meaning, He made the punishment descend upon them all equally.
Qatadah said, "It has reached us that the leader of tribe of Thamud did not kill the she-camel until their youth, their elderly, their males and their females all pledged allegiance to him.
So when the people cooperated in killing her, Allah destroyed them all with the same punishment due to their sin." Allah said, وَلاَ يَخَافُ ( And He feared not ) it has also been recited as ( فَلَا يَخَافُ ) ( So He feared not ) عُقْبَـهَا ( the consequences thereof. ) Ibn `Abbas said, "Allah does not fear any consequences from anyone else." Mujahid, Al-Hasan, Bakr bin `Abdullah Al-Muzani and others all said the same.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Ash-Shams, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

(91:14) But they rejected his statement as a lie and hamstrung the she-camel. *10 For that crime their Lord rumbled down upon them, utterly razing them to the ground.

But they denied him and hamstrung her. meaning

*10) According to Surah Al-A`raf: 77, after they had killed the she-camel, the people of Thamud said to the Prophet Salih: " Bring the scourge with which you threatened us. " And according to Hud: 65, the Prophet Salih said to them: " Well, you have only three more days to enjoy yourselves in your houses This is a limit that will not prove false.
"
 

The Rejection of Thamud and Allah's Destruction of Them Allah informs that Thamud rejected their Messenger because of the injustice and transgression they practiced.
This was said by Mujahid, Qatadah and others.
Therefore, this resulted in a rejection in their hearts for the guidance and conviction their Messenger came to them with. إِذِ انبَعَثَ أَشْقَـهَا ( When their most wicked went forth. ) meaning, the most wicked person of the tribe, and he was Qudar bin Salif, the one who killed the she-camel.
He was leader of the tribe of Thamud, and he is the one whom Allah refers to in His saying, فَنَادَوْاْ صَـحِبَهُمْ فَتَعَاطَى فَعَقَرَ ( But they called their comrade and he took (a sword ) and killed ( her ).) ( 54:29 ) This man was mighty and respected among his people.
He was of noble lineage and a leader who was obeyed.
This is just as Imam Ahmad recorded from `Abdullah bin Zam`ah.
He said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave a sermon in which he mentioned the she-camel and he mentioned the man who killed her.
Then he said, «إِذِ انبَعَثَ أَشْقَـهَا انْبَعَثَ لَهَا رَجُلٌ عَارِمٌ عَزِيزٌ مَنِيعٌ فَي رَهْطِهِ مِثْلُ أَبِي زَمْعَة» ( (When their most wicked went forth. )( A strong and mighty man who was invincible among his tribe, like Abu Zam`ah, went forth to her. ) This Hadith was recorded by Al-Bukhari in his Book of Tafsir, and Muslim in his Book of the Description of the Hellfire.
At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i both recorded it in their Sunans in their Books of Tafsir. The Story of Salih's She-Camel Allah then says, فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ( But the Messenger of Allah said to them ) referring to Salih. نَاقَةُ اللَّهِ ( That is the she-camel of Allah! ) meaning, `beware of touching the she-camel of Allah with any harm.' وَسُقْيَـهَا ( and its drink! ) meaning, `do not transgress against her in her drinking, for she has been allocated a day to drink and you have been allocated a day to drink, as is known to you.' Then Allah says, فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا ( Then they denied him and they killed it. ) which means they rejected what he came with.
This resulted in them killing the she-camel that Allah had brought out of the rock as a sign for them and a proof against them. فَدَمْدمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِذَنبِهِمْ ( So their Lord destroyed them because of their sin, ) meaning, He became angry with them and He annihilated them. فَسَوَّاهَا ( Fasawwaha! ) meaning, He made the punishment descend upon them all equally.
Qatadah said, "It has reached us that the leader of tribe of Thamud did not kill the she-camel until their youth, their elderly, their males and their females all pledged allegiance to him.
So when the people cooperated in killing her, Allah destroyed them all with the same punishment due to their sin." Allah said, وَلاَ يَخَافُ ( And He feared not ) it has also been recited as ( فَلَا يَخَافُ ) ( So He feared not ) عُقْبَـهَا ( the consequences thereof. ) Ibn `Abbas said, "Allah does not fear any consequences from anyone else." Mujahid, Al-Hasan, Bakr bin `Abdullah Al-Muzani and others all said the same.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Ash-Shams, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

( But they denied him ) they denied the message brought by Salih, ( and they hamstrung her ) they hamstrung the she-camel, ( so Allah doomed them for their sin ) so Allah destroyed them because of killing the she-camel and disbelieving in Salih ( and razed (their dwellings )) killing the old and the young among them.

Then they denied him and they killed it. So their Lord destroyed them because of their sin, and made them equal in destruction (i.e. all grades of people, rich and poor, strong and weak, etc.)!

Page 595 English transliteration