Surah Al Fath ayat 15 Tafsir Quran 48:15

﴿سَيَقُولُ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ إِذَا انطَلَقْتُمْ إِلَىٰ مَغَانِمَ لِتَأْخُذُوهَا ذَرُونَا نَتَّبِعْكُمْ ۖ يُرِيدُونَ أَن يُبَدِّلُوا كَلَامَ اللَّهِ ۚ قُل لَّن تَتَّبِعُونَا كَذَٰلِكُمْ قَالَ اللَّهُ مِن قَبْلُ ۖ فَسَيَقُولُونَ بَلْ تَحْسُدُونَنَا ۚ بَلْ كَانُوا لَا يَفْقَهُونَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا﴾
[ الفتح: 15]

48:15 Those who remained behind will say when you set out toward the war booty to take it, "Let us follow you." They wish to change the words of Allah. Say, "Never will you follow us. Thus did Allah say before." So they will say, "Rather, you envy us." But [in fact] they were not understanding except a little.

Those mentioned who were left behind will say when you set forth after spoils namely the spoils of Khaybar in order to capture them ‘Let us follow you’ that we might also take a share of it. They desire thereby to change the words of God kalāma’Llāhi a variant reading has kalima’Llāhi in other words His promising of the spoils of Khaybar exclusively for those who were at al-Hudaybiyya. Say ‘You shall never follow us! Thus has God said beforehand’ that is prior to our return. Then they will say ‘Nay but you are envious of us’ lest we might acquire a share of the spoils and therefore you say this that you say. Nay but they never understood anything of religion all except a few of them.

And now that these the stay-at-home Arabs find you Muhammad ready to launch an attack, and expect you to lead your army back laden with the spoils -of Khaiber– they will say to you: Allow us to go with you , thereby exchanging Allahs word for theirs. Say to them: You shall not come with us, for thus early has Allah said. They will say to you: You only fear that we share with you what you hope to keep for yourselves. How little indeed do they comprehend a circumstance

يُرِيدُونَ أَن يُبَدِّلُواْ كَلَـمَ اللَّهِ ( They want to change Allah's Words ), which refers to the promise that Allah gave those who were present at Al-Hudaybiyyah, according to the explanation reported from Mujahid, Qatadah, Juwaybir and which Ibn Jarir preferred.
Allah said, قُل لَّن تَتَّبِعُونَا كَذَلِكُمْ قَالَ اللَّهُ مِن قَبْلُ ( Say: "You shall not follow us; thus Allah has said beforehand." ) `when He promised the participants of Al-Hudaybiyyah before you asked to join them,' فَسَيَقُولُونَ بَلْ تَحْسُدُونَنَا ( Then they will say: "Nay, you envy us." ) `you do not want us to share the war spoils with you,' بَلْ كَانُواْ لاَ يَفْقَهُونَ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً ( Nay, but they under- stand not except a little. ) the truth is nothing close to what they claimed, but they understand not.

(48:15) When you press forth for the spoils, those who were left behind will say: 'Let us accompany you.' *27 They want to change the command of Allah. *28 Say to them (in clear words): 'You shall not accompany us. Thus has Allah already said.' *29 Then they will say: 'Nay; but you are jealous of us.' The truth is that they understand little.

Those who remained behind will say when meaning

*27) That is, `The time is approaching when these very people who were shirking accompanying you on the dangerous journey, would see you going on an expedition in which there would be the possibility of attaining easy victory and much booty.
Then they would come running and request you to take them also along." Such a time came just three months after the truce of Hudaibiyah, when the Holy Prophet invaded Khaiber and took it easily.
At that time everyone could see that after the truce with the Quraish not only Khaiber but the Jewish settlements of Taima, Fadak, Wadi-al-Qura' and others also of northern Arabia would not be able to withstand the might of the Muslims and would easily fall to the Islamic State.
Therefore, Allah in these verses forewarned the Holy Prophet that the opportunists of the suburbs of Madinah would come up to take part in and receive their share when they would see easy victories being attained, and that he should tell them plainly: "You will never be allowed to take part in these, because only those who had gone forth to offer their lives in the conflict at Hudaibiyah regardless of every danger would be entitled o them.
"
*28) "Allah's decree" implies the decree that only those people would be allowed to accompany the Holy Prophet in the expedition to Khaiber, who had taken part in the expedition to Hudaibiyah and sworn the pledge there for AIIah has reserved the spoils of Khaiber cxclusively for them; as has been stated clearly in verse 18 blow.

*29) The words "Allah has already said this before" caused the people the misunderstanding that this refers to some other command bearing upon the same subject that might have been sent down before this verse, and since no such command is found in this Surah before this verse, they started looking for it at other places in the Qur'an till they found verse 84 of Surah At-Taubah, in which this very subject has been dealt with for another occasion.
But that verse, in fact, does not apply to this, for it was sent down in connection with the Battle of Tabuk, and its period of revelation is three years after the period of revelation of Surah AI-Fat-h.
The fact of the matter is that this verse refers to vv.
18-19 of this Surah itself, and Allah's already having said this does not mean its having been said before this verse but its having boon said to the laggards before this conversation.
This conversation with the laggards about which advance instructions are being given to the Holy Prophet was to take place at the time of the expedition to Khaiber, and this whole Surah, including vv.
18-19, had been sent down three months earlier on return from Hudaibiyah on the way.
A careful study of the context shows that Allah here is giving this instruction to His Messenger: "When after your return at Madinah the laggards come to you with their excuses, you should give them this reply, and when they express their desire to accompany you in the expedition to Khaiber, you should tell them this.
"
 

يُرِيدُونَ أَن يُبَدِّلُواْ كَلَـمَ اللَّهِ ( They want to change Allah's Words ), which refers to the promise that Allah gave those who were present at Al-Hudaybiyyah, according to the explanation reported from Mujahid, Qatadah, Juwaybir and which Ibn Jarir preferred.
Allah said, قُل لَّن تَتَّبِعُونَا كَذَلِكُمْ قَالَ اللَّهُ مِن قَبْلُ ( Say: "You shall not follow us; thus Allah has said beforehand." ) `when He promised the participants of Al-Hudaybiyyah before you asked to join them,' فَسَيَقُولُونَ بَلْ تَحْسُدُونَنَا ( Then they will say: "Nay, you envy us." ) `you do not want us to share the war spoils with you,' بَلْ كَانُواْ لاَ يَفْقَهُونَ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً ( Nay, but they under- stand not except a little. ) the truth is nothing close to what they claimed, but they understand not.

( Those who were left behind ) at the conquest of al-Hudaybiyyah, i.e. Banu Ghifar, Aslam, Ashja’ and some people from Muzaynah and Juhaynah ( will say, when ye set forth to capture booty ) the booty of Khaybar: ( Let us go with you ) to Khaybar. ( They fain would change the verdict of Allah ) when he said to His Prophet not to let them accompany him to any other conquest after failing to join the conquest of al-Hudaybiyyah. ( Say ) to Banu ’Amir, Dayl, Aslam, Ashja’, and a group from Muzaynah and Juhaynah: ( Ye shall not go with us ) to Khaybar except as volunteers but you will not have a share of the booty. ( Thus ) just as we told you ( hath Allah said beforehand ) in surah Repentance ( say unto them: Ye shall never more go out with me nor fight with me against a foe ). Upon hearing this, the hypocrites said to the believers: Allah has not commanded you this, it is rather because you are resentfully envious of us for sharing the booty with you. So Allah said: ( Then they will say: Ye are envious of us ) regarding the booty. ( Nay, but they understand not ) the command of Allah, ( save a little ) neither much nor a little.

Those who lagged behind will say, when you set forth to take the spoils, "Allow us to follow you," They want to change Allah's Words. Say: "You shall not follow us; thus Allah has said beforehand." Then they will say: "Nay, you envy us." Nay, but they understand not except a little.

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